Review of charges under the
Freedom of Information Act 1982
Report to the Attorney-General
February 2012
Prof. John McMillan
Australian Information Commissioner
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Contents
Foreword 6
About this review 7
Discussion paper 7
Consultation 8
Executive summary and recommendations 9
Background to this inquiry 9
Main issues raised in inquiry 9
Guiding principles to underpin a new charges framework 10
Recommendations for a new charges framework 11
Explanation of the proposed changes 12
Part 1: The Freedom of Information Act 1982 and the existing charges regime 14
Overview of the FOI Act 14
Avenues for accessing information within the FOI framework 15
Current charging framework applicable to FOI access requests 19
Fees and charges collected under the FOI Act 24
Part 2: The role of fees and charges under the FOI Act 26
Background 26
Changes in 2010 27
Views on the role of fees and charges 27
The role of fees and charges: Guiding principles 30
Part 3: Summary of issues and proposals considered 32
Overview 32
General concerns with the current charges framework 32
Application fees 33
Scale of charges 38
Imposition of charges 45
Exceptions 47
Collection of charges 48
Correction, reduction or waiver 49
Other issues 51
Part 4: Administrative release of information 54
Introduction 54
Defining administrative access 55
Benefits of administrative access 56
Elements of an administrative access scheme 58
Issues of potential concern 60
Part 5: A new approach to charges – recommendations for reform 63
Overview 63
Facilitating administrative release of information 64
A new scale of charges – processing 67
A new scale of charges – providing access to a document 70
Managing large and complex requests 72
Reduction and waiver of FOI charges 75
Fees for internal review and IC review 77
Indexation 82
Other issues 82
Glossary 84
Appendix A: Consultation questions as set out in Part 6 of the Discussion Paper 86
The role of fees and charges in the FOI Act 86
Application fees 86
Scale of charges 86
Imposition of charges 87
Exceptions 88
Collection of charges 88
Correction, reduction or waiver of charges 88
Other issues 88
Appendix C: Consultations 90
Appendix D: Summary of main legislative provisions for charges 91
Australia 92
Overseas 97
Foreword
The capacity of an agency or minister to impose an access charge under the Freedom of Information Act 1982 is always at the centre of debate about the operation of the Act.
FOI requests can impose a substantial administrative burden on agencies and divert resources from other functions. Access charges are a way of controlling and managing demand for documents and defraying some of the cost of FOI to government.
On the other hand, FOI charges can discourage or inhibit the public from exercising the legally enforceable right of access to government information granted by the FOI Act. The objective of the Act to make government open and engaged with the public will be hampered if it is too expensive or cumbersome for people to make FOI requests.
Balancing those competing interests has always been important, yet difficult. Major reforms to the FOI charges framework were introduced in 2010 to strike a new balance between public access and the administrative demands on government. The Australian Government, recognising the evolving significance of this issue, foreshadowed at the time that I would be asked to commence a review of the FOI charges framework within a year of the reforms commencing on 1 November 2010.
This report concludes that further change to FOI legislation is needed. A new charges framework could enable the FOI Act to work better in providing public access to government information without impairing the other responsibilities of agencies and ministers.
The reform proposals in this report arose from a valuable consultation exercise conducted by the Office of the Australian Information Commissioner with Australian Government agencies, advisory committees, members of the public and community organisations. I thank them for their valuable assistance to my office in this review.
The prevailing theme in all consultation for this report was that the FOI Act is a vital statute that must be supported by government and made to work in an optimal manner. My recommendations for reform are framed in that spirit. I commend them to the Australian Government for close consideration.
Prof. John McMillan
Australian Information Commissioner
10 February 2012
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