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courses of his.
32
MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL
BOOK The Duke carried a brave army with him, and was at- *• tended with a great many of the nobihty. And in August,
nies the Protector.
Anno 1547. as he passed by York, Francis Earl of Shrewsbury, that Shrewsbuf g^ncrous and loyal Peer, and of ancient nobihty, and at that accompa- time President, if I mistake not, of the North, offered to go forward with him and his army, and to do the King service with his person in that present journey into Scotland. The Duke then told him, that he was loath to put him to more trouble and disquiet than needs must, out of respect to his quality, and that he would reserve him till greater need should require. But being now at Newcastle, Aug. 28, he sent for the said Earl, praying his company, considering sithence, as his letter to him imported, of what moment it would be to have such a nobleman as his Lordship with them, as well to have the charge of some one of the wards of footmen, as to foresee for experience the order of things, which might, God willing, be worthy of memory. That he should there- fore put himself in order with his servants, not passing what number he brought of them with him, and to be with him at Barwick by Sept. 6. And the Earl did accordingly ac- company the Lord Protector. I do not set down the ma- nagery of the battle, because our histories shew us that at large.
came to Court, both by an express messenger, and by letters from the Lord Protector, it is not to be passed without re- mark, how becomingly the young King took it. For on the 18th of September, being then at his house of Oatlands, he wrote an answer to his uncle with his own hand, im- porting, " that he had understood the good success it " pleased God to grant, by his courage and wise foresight. " And in the first place (most piously attributing the mercy " to God) he acknowledged himself most bounden to yield " him most hearty thanks, and to seek his true honour by " all the means he might. And secondly, he thanked his " uncle, and prayed him, in his name, to thank most heartily " the Earl of Warwick, and all the other noblemen, gentle- ^* men, and the rest that served in that journey ; and bade King
Edward's behaviour upon the victory. OF KING EDWARD VI. 33 " them be well assured, that, God granting him life, he CHAP. " would shew himself not unmindful of their service, and _____ "would be ready to consider the same as any occasion Anno 1547. " should serve."' As the above-mentioned letters and wi'itings shewed the The Duke's Duke's parts and abilities, so his conduct of the army^^^^* against Scotland, and his success there, shewed his fortune, and added to his glory. But his greatness exposed him to the envy of the nobility: under which the good man could not long support himself, but fell twice, and the latter time And fall, fatally, to the ineffable grief of godly men, and the sore regret of the commons, to whom he was very dear. Sir John Hayward, (a writer of King Edward's life,) An ill cha- who was apt to give ill characters, especially of Protestant ^^e Duke. Churchmen, and others that were chief favourers of the Life of Reformation, saith of this Duke, that " he was a man little p.* 15. " esteemed for wisdom, or personage, or courage in arms." Yet let the same author relate some few other historical matters concerning the same nobleman, and his reader will 21 scarcely give him credit in this : for in the same place he saith of him, " that he was in favour wath King Henry, But un- " [and he would not receive fools nor cowards into his fa--"^^ ^* " vour,] and by him was much employed, [which that King " would not have done, had he been so weak a person.] " That he was always observed to be both faithful and for- '^ tunate, as well in giving advice, as in managing a charge."" And then concerning his successes he writes, " that he was " Warden of the marches against Scotland ; and that three " years successively he made great inroads into that king- " dom, and got great victories there : and that in the " marches of Calais, upon the approach of 7000 English, " he raised an army of 21,000 French encamped before " Bulloyn, wan their ordnance, carriage, treasury, tents, with " the loss only of one man : and in his return wan the castle " of Outing, within shot of Arde : and the next year invaded " and spoiled Picardy." And this moreover the said author writes of the Duke, " that notwithstanding his constant suc- " cesses, yet did he never hereby rise either into haughti- VOL. IT. D lis truer liaracter.
34 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL BOOK " ness in himself, or contempt of others; but remained __!__" courteous and affable, choosing a course least subject to aiuo 15 47." envy, between stiff stubbornness and filthy flattery."''' These accounts of the Duke are hardly consistent with that mean character he had before given him, and which •age 82, elsewherc he fasteneth on him, charging him with a dull capacity, and calling him fearful and suspicious, and of feeble spirit. For my part I think he deserves a better commendation to posterity. He was a man heartily favouring the Gospel and the professors of it, and by his influence the reform- ation of religion in England did so well proceed in the be- ginning. Nor did he want true courage and resolution, until he saw how the greatest part of the Court, for by- ends, had entered into combination against him, and had acquired such strength and interest, as should he have op- posed, might have endangered a civil war, the introducing of Popery, and the good King's life, as well as his own ; and therefore, in that emergency, reckoned it the best course to submit himself. His frailties which procured him enemies, more truly were hastiness and passion, snapping up the Counsellors, and taking \\^ too sharply those who had busi- ness with him, nay, his very best friends, and affecting too much to have his own will stand : which Sir William Paget, Secretary of State, his most faithful but plaindealing friend, once laid before him ; as we may see hereafter in this story. Paget's The said Paget, for a new-year's-gift to this nobleman soon after his high advancements, sent him a short scroll, new- year ift to the Duke. consisting of seasonable advices for his great place and sta- tion, enclosed in a letter. Which letter and scroll were as follow : Paget to " Because the determination to renew gifts of the new
Cotton Lii). 4< gift for your Grace as the fashion of the world required Titus, Y.\i. ., f, , " me to present to a personage oi your estate : and yet con- " sidering the favour of your Grace to be special toward " me, and mv love is reciproque toward you, methought it
OF KING EDWARD VI. 35 *' best to send your Grace, though no rich gift, yet a token CHAP. " of my heart, which wisheth both this and all other years hereafter happy and lucky unto you. My token is this ^""o i^'^^. " schedule here enclosed, wherein, as in a glass, if your Grace '^^ " will daily look, and by it make you ready, you shall so " well apparel yourself, as each man shall delight to behold " you. I pray your Grace to accept this token in good " part ; w^hich very hearty love, and great carefulness of " your Grace''s welldoing, hath moved me to send unto your " Grace. To whom I wish as well as to my own soul.
" Deliberate maturely in all things. Execute quickly the " determinations. Do justice without respect. Make as- " sured and staid men ministers under you. Maintain the " ministers in their offices. Punish the disobedient according " to their deserts. In the King''s causes give commission in " the King's name. Reward the King's worthy servants li- " berally and quickly. Give your own to your own, and " the King's to the King's, frankly. Despatch suitors shortly. " Be affable to the good, and severe to the evil. Follow " advice in Council. Take fee or reward of the King only. " Keep your ministers about you uncorrupt. Thus God will " prosper you, the King favour you, and all men love you. D.
Feb. 20, (Sir John Hay ward writes the 19. amiss,) an au-^^e King's thor that wrote about those times relates that he heard itpi^tyathis
signs of his being King of three kingdoms, he said, there iii"^*"^- was one yet wanting. And when the nobles about him asked him what that was, he answered, the Bible. " That " book," added he, " is the sword of the Spirit, and to be " preferred before these swords. That ought in all right " to govern us, who use them for the people's safety by
36 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL BOOK " God's appointment. Without that sword we are no- ^' ^' thing, we can do nothing, we have no power. From that ^nno 1547. " wc are what we are this day. From that we receive what- " soever it is that we at this present do assume. He " that rules without it, is not to be called God"'s minister, " or a King. Under that we ought to live, to fight, to go- " vern the people, and to perform all our affairs. From " that alone we obtain all power, virtue, grace, salvation, " and whatsoever we have of divine strength." And when the pious young King had said this, and some other like words, he commanded the Bible, with the greatest reverence, to be brought and carried before him. Knights of The ceremonies and solemnities of the King''s coronation Ex offic. iTfi^y be read elsewhere. There were then nominated and iVrmor. i. 7.jYiade forty Knights of the Bath: who being created with so great royalty, were commanded to pay the duties of money to the Heralds, double to the same payable by other Knights. And because they are omitted by other historians, it may be fit to remember them here, for the honour of their posterity.
The Lord Scrope's son and heir. heir. Sir Richard Devereux. Sir Francis Russel. Sir Henry Seimour. Sir Anthony Brown. Sir Thomas Housselyn. Sir John Gates. Sir Edmund Molineux. Sir Alexander Umpton of Sir Wilham Balthrope. Oxfordshire. [Babthorp perhaps.] Sir Valentine Knightly. Sir Tho. Nevyl of Hold. Sir G. Vernon of the Peak. Sir Henry Tirrel. Sir Holcroft. Sir V^ymond Carew. [Thomas, perhaps, that The Lord Matravers. was Knight Marshal.] The Lord Strange. The Earl of Oxford. The Lord Lisle. OF KING EDWARD VI. 37 The Lord Hastings. Sir James Hales. CHAP. Sir Antli. Cook of Essex. Sir Thomas Brycknal. ^"- Sir George Norton. Sir Amgel Marian. Anno 1547. Sir Robert Lytton. Sir John Cuts of Essex. Sir John Porte of Derby shire. Sir Wilham Scarington. Sir Chr. Barker, Garter. Sir Wilham Snathe. The Knights of the Carpet dubbed by the King on Shrove-Tuesday in the morning, and at other times during the utas of the abovesaid noble solemnization were, Sir John Radcliff. Sir John Mason. Sir Thomas Gray. Sir John Wyndham. Sir Anthony Angier. Sir John Vaughan, &c. E- F. Fifty-five in all. CHAP. IV. Papists' behaviour towards the King. Lent sermmis. JL HE papistical sort were always jealous of this Prince, The Papists even before he came to the crown, as liking neither his iii-|J,e^5!^rn"^ structors nor his way of education. And as the Gospellers had their eyes upon him always, and placed great hope in him, so the Papists looked asquint at him. And no small fears there were among good men, lest that sort should have taken him off from good principles, by some means or other, or from continuance in life, to proceed in them. One John Bale. writer in the latter end of King Henry hath these words : " Many things I conclude concerning Prince Edward, " whom, I doubt not, but the Lord hath sent for the sin- " gular comfort of England. Not that I temerariously de- " fine any thing to come concerning him ; considering it " only in the Lord's power. But I desire the same Lord " to preserve his bringing up from the contagious drinks " of tliose false physicians. And this is to be prayed for " of all men.'' The King was but young, which supphed the Papists Undervalue with pretences to slight and disobey his orders, especially because he p 3 was young. 38 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL BOOK about religious matters. And indeed they cried out after- wards of his proceedings, as being done in his minority, and Anno 1547. done by others, the chief men about him. They would or- '^'^dinarily say, " Tush, this gear will not tarry : it is but my " Lord Protector^s and my Lord of Canterbury's doing. " The King is a child, and he knows not of it." But old father Latimer upon this hath these words : " Have we not " a noble King ? Was there ever King so noble, so godly, " brought up with such noble counsellors, so excellent and *' well learned schoolmasters ? I will tell you this, (and I " speak it even as I think,) his Majesty hath more godly " wit and understanding, more learning and knowledge at " this age, than twenty of his progenitors, that I could " name, had at any time of their life.^ Some scni- Nay, some there were, set up probably by the Papists, name of that made scruple of the lawfulness of the very name of King. King ; because it is spoken in 1 Sam. viii. as a thing dis- pleasing to God, when the people of Israel would have a King, and that it was a rejecting God, that he should not reign over them. Which gave occasion to the above-recited First ser- preacher thus to speak : " There is a great error risen now- Sie'iCing.'^^ " adays among many of us, which are vain and newfangled *' men, climbing beyond the limits of our capacity and wit, " in wrenching this text of Scripture. They wrench these " words awry after their own fancies, and make much " doubt as touching a King, and his godly name. But it " makes no matter by what names the rulers be called, if " so be they walk ordinately with God, and direct their " steps with him. For both patriarchs, judges, and kings, " had and have their authority of God, and therefore " godly.'' Bishop of Lent being come, care was taken to put up good preach- priaches crs in the King's chapel to preach before the King. And before the ^f ^1^^^^ ^^^g Barlow, Bishop of St. David's, who this
dress of several abuses in religion, and laying some platform Winchester fQj. ^ reformation. The Bishop of Winchester was then at his doctrine. Court, and was mightily disturbed at it, calling it his tat- Foxii MSS. OF KIxVG EDWARD VI. 39 tling; and noting several points in that sermon, sent them CHAT', to the Lord Protector ; urging to him, in a letter from his ' place in South wark, the great danger of making any alter- Aduo 1547 ations ; and that the Bishop of St. David's, and such as he, laboured to disorder the realm, it being a time rather to re- pair what needed reparation ; " that he laid a platform " for confusion and disturbances in State ; and that the " Council, who had so much other business to do, should " not have such inward disorders added to them. That if " his brother St. David's did, like a champion, with his " sword in his hand, make enter for the rest, the door of " licence opened, there would be more by folly thrust in '' with him than his Grace would wish. And that if the " Bishop of St. David's, and such other, had their heads " cumbered with any new platforms, he would wish they " were commanded, between this and the King's full age, " to draw the platform diligently, to hew the stones, dig " the sand, and chop the chalk, while the time was un- " seasonable for building. And when the King came to full " age, to present their labours to him, and in the mean " time not to disturb the state of the realm." By these subtile counsels did Winchester study to wean St. Dm ui's the Protector from entering upon a reformation of the cor-J^'"''"^'^^'"'* ruptions of the Church, or at least to delay it. And to di- vert his mind from it, in the same letter, he threw in before him another plausible business ; namely, to forward a match 25 between the young King and the daughter of the King of the Romans, if the Emperor would offer her, as he had once before done ; saying, that by this alliance the Protec- tor's estimation would increase, and the King's surety not a little augmented: and this he shewed might be a good check for France. But all the effect this letter of Bishop Gardiner had upon the Lord Protector was, that he gave to the Bishop of St. David's these notes and animadversions upon his sermon, to consider the same, and vindicate him- self and his discourse, as well as he could. Which he did, and called it his pu7'gation. The Protector having received it, conveyed it unto Winchester, that he might see his own
40 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL BOOK cavilling answered. And he again, like a champion for the ' Popish cause, discussed this purgation^ and sent it to the nno 1547. Protector. It was writ with such a freedom, that he asked the Protector to bear with him. >r. Rid- Soon after. Dr. Kidley preached at Court on a Wednes- reaches ^^J* "^^^ scrmon also ran upon the same subject. Winton efore the was then also present. The business of his sermon was to "' confute the Bishop of Rome's pretended authority in go- vernment, and usurped power, and in pardons. He dis- coursed also touching the abuses of images in churches, and ceremonies, and especially holy water, for the driving away devils. This learned man used much modesty in his dis- course ; having such expressions as these, that " he was " always desirous to set forth the mere truth and unity," and would often add, when he laid down any thing, that " it was as far as he had read ;" or, " if any man could Winchester " ghew him further, he would hear him." Winton, who was rended i? i i i p • i :ain. very tond both of images and holy water, and could not hear them spoken against, wrote him a large letter in be- half of both these. The copy whereof he also sent to the ig.i226. Protector. The letter is extant in Fox's Monuments. But as the Bishop of St. David's, so Ridley also answered Win- ton ; but the answers are lost, r. Glazier This Lent, in the month of April, Dr. Hugh Glazier ui's Cross P^^^cli^d ^t St. Paul's Cross, and affirmed there, that Lent. a Lent was not ordained of God to be fasted, neither the " eating of flesh to be forborne : but that the same was a po- " htic ordinance of man, and might therefore be broken " of men at their pleasure." This Glazier was formerly a friar : Archbishop Cranmer made him his Commissary for Calais and the parts thereabouts. ie Com- The Complin, being a part of the Evening Prayer, was jgUsh. '" sang in English in the King's chapel, before any act of Par- liament enjoined it.
OF KING EDWARD VI. 41 CHAP. V. 26 State booJcs, and others, now published. The Bishop of ColeiribS Consultation. Erasmus'' s Paraphrase in English. The Homilies. Popish hooks set forth. Images defaced. Bishop Gardiner busy. Religion stands as it did. King Henry's debts. King Edward's letter, and the Lady Mary''s, to Queen Katharine. J. HE book De Vera Differentia inter Regiam Potestatem, Anno 1547. et Ecclesiasticam, (called The Kinf^s Book, either because ^" ^^'^ ^^^^ 1 111- p . for the su- King Henry was the author, or rather the authorizer of it,) premacy about this time was reprinted by Henry Lord Stafford, with a jj^^JJ^e^^^ preface dedicatory by him made, and set before it. It was iish and first printed in Latin in the year 1 533, when King Henry ^'^'^ thought of shaking off the foreign power of Rome: and whereas before it was in Latin, that it might be communi- cated unto all princes, what the extent of regal power was ; so now it was put into English, by the aforesaid Lord, to prepare the people the better to bear what the King was now doing in the reformation of the Church, and to make the subjects the willinger to let go the Pope and his religion.
book of the reformation of the Church of Col en ; whereof ^^^"1^^^^^^^"' Herman, the good Archbishop and Elector, was the great printed in instrument. This book shewed itself in this kingdom at "^^* this juncture, undoubtedly, by the means of Archbishop Cranmer, and probably of the Protector, as a silent invi- tation to the people of the land to a reformation, and as a motive to incline them to be willing to forsake the old su- perstition, when they should see the beauty of a reformed Church so lively laid before them in this book. And per- haps it was intended to serve as some pattern to the heads and governors of this Church, whereby to direct their pains they were now ere long to take about the emendation of religious worship. This book took so well, that it was printed again the next year, together with the mention of Yüklə 12,09 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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