Search York

the lawful monies aforesaid.

And the King straitly charged and commanded all man-

ner of persons within his realms and dominions, to receive

and pay the said several pieces of money, as well of silver

as of gold, at the several rates before rehearsed, upon pain

of his high displeasure, and to be further punished as his

Highness should think convenient.

And his express commandment was, that all such base

monies which his Majesty had lately by his several procla-

mations reduced to the value of a lower rate, should pass

and go current in payment in like manner and sort as his

Highness"'s last proclamation had declared ; until such time

as his Majesty's mints might with diligence convert the

same into his said new coins: which he minded to have

done with all possible expedition.

And his Majesty signified to all his loving subjects, that

if they brought in a quantity of monies now current into his

mint within the Tower of London, they should have the

same received there by tale at the value, as they were then

current, upon bills. And they should, in as convenient tinie

as might be, be repaid for the same monies then current, by

tale in other the King''s new money afore declared.
Another proclamation was set forth in December follow- Another a-

ing: which charged and commanded all the King's true ^^"^^^^^^^^

subjects, not to credit certain vain, false, and seditious ru-the King's
^ • • p 1 • TT* I ¦> • "6w coin.
mours concerning certam pieces 01 his Jrlignness s coin, now

made, which had been well stricken, that his Majesty's arms

did not appear in the same ; and to be seditiously declared :

490 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

BOOK these persons, it seems, building upon this conceit, that the

' stamp of the King\s arms made the money current ; because

Anno 1551. tj^g ancient monies usually had that impression.

fcTah^isr ^^^ another came forth the same month, prohibiting the
buying and buying and selling of coin at other prices than the same was

ing 1 • current by the King''s late proclamation.

And thus, after several months, was that great business of

the coinage brought to perfection in the fifth year of the

King : which was one of the glories of his reign. But now

to return to the month of July again, which we have not

yet done with.

The King July 6, (that very day two years after, wherein the King

horseback!" ^^^^^i) ^6 rode gallantly through Greenwich park, accom-

panied with the Earls of Darby and Warwick, the Lord Ad-

277 miral, Sir William Herbert, and other knights and gentle-

men, trumpets sounding, and all the guards in their dou-

blets, [that is, back and breast in armour,] with their horses,

and with bows and arrows, and halberds, two and two to-

gether. Here the King on horseback ran at the ring, with

other lords and knights. The Earl of Warwick aforesaid

had met the King there with an hundred men of arms, and

great horses, and gentlemen, in coats of velvet embroidered.

The same night the King supped at Deptford in a ship with

the Lord Admiral, and the Lords of his Council, and many

gentlemen.

Coverdaie 111 this month of July, that eminent confessor Miles Co-

sho^^of " "^erdale was placed in the bishopric of Exeter, and had a

Exoa. licence of entry into the same ; a wealthy bishopric before,

valued in the King^s books at 1565^. ISs. 6JJ. yearly; now

impaired by the last Bishop, that it was set in the King^s

books but at 5001. and no more, and the tenths to be 50/.

hereafter yearly. And Coverdaie was to be discharged of

that first year"*s tenths, and of all arrearages in the old Bi-

shop's time. To which old Bishop [Veyzy] it was granted,

upon the resignation of his bishopric, to enjoy all annuities

granted to him out of the lands of the bishopric, whereof

he had made a state in fee-simple to others, namely, to the

Earl of Bedford and other noblemen. And also, to enjoy

OF KING EDWARD VI. 491

certain rents granted out of the bishopric to certain persons chap.

that were then come into his hands. And that the said Bi- ^^•

shop might plead in any court by the name of John Veyzy. Anno issi.

These conditions he obtained for his resignation, that he

might have a subsistence for his life. And all was granted

him accordingly in this month of July.
The plague of sweat was this summer very severe, and The sweat-

carried away multitudes of people, rich and poor, and espe- ness!*'^'

cially in London ; where in one day, viz. July 10, died an

hundred people; and the next an hundred and twenty.

And it came even into the King's family about this time ;

which caused him to retire to Hampton Court. The King

had given order to a great many persons, both of the no-

bility and gentry, to attend the French ambassador, as

well to shew the King's magnificence, as the honour he in-

tended for the said ambassador. But in this month of July,

a proclamation came forth for all gentlemen to return home

again that were appointed to attend against the coming of

the Frenchmen, and not to pester the ambassador's lodging

for fear of the sweat.

Among the persons this sweat took away, Henry Duke The Duke

of Suffolk, and the Lord Charles his brother, were greatly ^nd his^bro-

lamented, not only because of their quality, but their hopes ; ^h«i die of
tllC SWCJlt
who, July 16, died both in one bed. They were both mem-

bers of the University of Cambridge, and admitted in King's

college, and put under the tuition of that accomplished scho-

lar, Dr. Walter Haddon, Professor of the Civil Law, and

University Orator. To whose memory he dedicated a copy

of elegant verses, which began thus :

Et vivos colui meos alumnos,

Et nunc prcedico mortuos alumnos.

Vos, dnlces pueri, valere vester

Haddonus juhet^ ut potest juhere, &c.

They died both this fatal July at Buckden, at the Bishop 278

of Lincoln's house, whither they were retired to avoid the

sickness, being all the male issue of that most illustrious

Prince Charles Duke of Suffolk, and of his second wife Ca-

492 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

BOOK tharine. She had obtained of the King the wardship and

^^' marriage of the young Duke her son, and also the wardship

Anno 1551. and marriage of Agnes Woodhil, [or rather Woodvil,] I

suppose, of the right noble house of the Woodvils ; Eliza-

beth, a daughter whereof, was wife to King Edward IV.

and her sister to Henry Duke of Buckingham. This young

lady being brought up in her house, with her said son, she

seemed to intend to match with him.

The hope- The Duchess, out of her tender regard to them both,

the^ryouniT came to Cambridge with them, and sojourned there about

noblemen, the time that Martin Bucer went thither : to whose inspec-

tion and counsel she commended them. Upon their funerals.

Dr. Had don made an eloquent oration before the Univer-

sity. Therein he described Duke Henry, not yet arrived to

man'*s estate, to have been a very excellent person, well

learned for his years, and much addicted to literature : that

his parts were such, as he imbibed, with the greatest ease,

whatsoever he was instructed in : that all his discourses

were upon learned arguments, and his delight in the con-

versation of learned men ; good store of whom he had al-

ways about him, procured at first by his mother's care ;

and more he took to him, according as he perceived their

parts, and fancied their conversation. His custom was, when

he and the rest of his learned retinue were together, to pro-

pound some question, of which he himself would first speak,

and then desire to hear them, what they had to say about

it. He had a prompt and fluent utterance, yet attended

with a becoming modesty, which, as it preserved him from

boasting and conceit of himself, so from despising others.

This style of his, Haddon took notice of, and exhorted him

much to read Tully, for the further improvement of it;

adding, that by conversing diligently a year or two in that

author, he would prove a better Ciceronian than himself,

how well soever the world said he imitated that author.

This counsel was given him in the winter, when an ague

interrupted this illustrious youth's studies. But as soon as

he recovered health, he fell upon the reading Tully with all

vigour, according to his tutor's advice, which he called, like

OF KING EDWARD VI. 493

a true scholar, his command. His younger brother Charles CHAP,

was a youth of the like parts and hopes. Both which being ^^'

thus immaturely cropt off, the honour fell. But the Mar- Anno issi.

quis of Dorset, having married the half sister of these no- po^seJ^^ ^^

blemen, was in October invested with the title of the duke- made Duke

dom, and the estate was divided among many heirs: for

May 6, 1552, a special livery was granted by the Trea-

surer to Sir Richard Candish, knight, Sir William Syd-

ney, knight, Thomas Lovel, esq. Christine Darnel, widow,

Walter Aiscough, esq. and Elizabeth his wife, coheirs of

the late Duke of Suffolk, and the Lord Charles Brandon,

to enter into their purpartie of all the lands of the said Duke

and Lord.

As for the said Duke''s great capital messuage or man- Sir J. Gates

sion in Southwark, the office of keeping thereof, together keeper of

with the garden, orchard, and park, was in July granted ^^''*^ P")^^ ^^

by the King to Sir John Gates for life; with the office of house in

high steward and bailiff there, of all the lands, tenements, ^""^^^ark.

and liberties of the same ; and also of the office of steward

and bailiff of Paris Garden, and the liberties thereof; with 279

the fee of 30Z. 6s. 8d. per annum.

His brother Charles also, by the King's favour, was stew- SherifF-Hut-

ard of the lordship of Sheriff-Hutton, and constable of the charies*^'^

castle of Sheriff-Hutton in Yorkshire : which office and l. Bran-

constableship were granted, upon his decease, to Sir Wil- comes to '

liam Pickering, knight, a worthy and honourable gentle- p.'"jj^\"-

man, and employed much in embassies, with all the fees

and profits thereunto accustomably arising, together with the

herbage and panage of the park thereunto belonging.

July 10, by reason of this new sweat, the King removed ^^any other
, , fiTG&t per—
from Westminster to Hampton Court : for there died cer- sons die of

tain beside the Court, which caused the King to be gone so*'^^ sweat,

soon. The Lord Cromwel in Leicestershire died, and the

Lord Powis, Sir John Luttrel, knight, a noble captain. Sir

Thomas Spekc, knight, who fell sick at the Court; Sir

John Wallop, of the order of the Garter, and captain of the

castle of Guisnes, a soldier of great worth and desert ; and

one Sir Peryn Negroo, knight, besides the two young

494 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

BOOK Dukes. All these died in July, within a few days one of

another. As in the next month, within two days, three con-

Anno 1551. siderable heirs were carried off with the same infection ; viz.

August 20, Henry Williams, son and heir of Sir John Wil-

liams, after Lord Williams of Thame. August 22, the son

and heir of the Lord Sands ; and Sir Richard Lister, son

and heir of the Lord Chief Justice of that name.

From the 8th of this month of July unto the 19th, there

died in London of this sweat 872, and no more in all, as

was certified in to the Lord Chancellor.
A dearth. Another judgment beside this sickness lay upon the na-

tion at this time, and that was a dearth, which continued

along this year, there being little prospect of the fall of pro-

visions ; and corn remained excessively dear after harvest :

which was the occasion (that I may bring it in here a little

before its due place) that a commission in the month of De-

cember was issued out to John Lord Mordaunt, Sir John

St. John, Sir Urian Bruerton, knights; Nicolas Luke,

Francis Pygot, and Lewis Dives, esquires, for the county

of Bedford ; and thirty-two commissions of the like effect

were also issued out to others throughout the nation: to

inquire by all ways and means, how the enhancing of the

prices of corn, victuals, and other things, contained in a

proclamation annexed to the said commission, had grown,

and daily grew, by the insatiable greediness of divers covet-

ous persons in the several counties ; and to punish such as

should disobey any thing contained in the same. For the

supply of the city of London with corn for the winter, the

King obtained leave of the French King to transport 1200

- ton of wheat out of his country. So that this scarcity

sprang rather from the covetous practices of many, in ad-

vancing the prices of things, and hoarding up the fruits of

the earth, rather than from any unseasonableness of wea-

ther, or thin crop in harvest. And this the state was sen-

sible of, as appeared by the commissions above mentioned,

and by this order of Council that follows.

Orders to July 18, letters were sent from the Council to all Bi-
the Bishops . ' i i i ^ ^ .
for prayer, shops, to persuadc the people to prayer, and to see God
Coun.Book.

OF KING EDWARD VI. 495

better served: which was upon the apprehension of the CHAP,

judgment of the sweating sickness, then sorely afflicting the ^^'

nation, and the dearth. Anno 1551.
And this summer the King and his Council issued out 280

orders to all the Bishops, charmn^ and commandiiis: them ^"^ \^

. J ' c? o o preach
m their own persons, and that their preachers and ministers against co-

in their several dioceses, by their command, should preach ^^*^"^"^^'^-

against the sin of covetousness ; which now grew most insa-

tiable among the people, insomuch that each went about to

devour other : and that the Bishops and preachers should

for this crime threaten men with God's grievous plagues,

not only such temporal ones as then lay upon the nation,

but such as should be likewise inflicted in the world to come.

Which order of Council, I suppose, was procured by some

good men in the Court, such as the Archbishop of Canter-

bury, Secretary Cecyl, or Cheke of the privy chamber; not

only in respect of the monopolizing of corn, but also upon A.

the contemplation of that tearing and rending from the

Church, the Universities, the hospitals of the poor, and

from one another ; which some of the courtiers and great

men practised, together with their enclosures ; and by their

example spread over the whole kingdom. So that all

common justice and honesty was scarce any where to be

found.
But notwithstanding this order from the Court, soon after

was an unreasonable piece of covetousness shewn at the

Court itself. For William Thomas, a clerk of the Council, Thomas,

(who hath been mentioned before,) greedily afl*ecting a cer- ^l^^n^^i ^''*^

tain good prebend of St. Paul's church, and to get it settled "ouid draw

upon himself and his heirs, procured some of the King's fiom the'

Council to direct their letters to Ridley, the Bishop, for that ^^"•'^i' ^^

purpose : which occasioned an earnest address from that

good man to Cheke, Gates, Wroth, and Cecyl, and some

others, whom he took to be men that feared God, to pre-

vent it ; (having designed this prebend for Grindal, his own

chaplain ;) and expostulating earnestly with them, what a

discouragement this would be to the preachers of God's

word, if their rewards should be thus ravished from them.

496 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

BOOK To this I add the mention of a sermon preached the last

^^' Lent at Court, by a famed preacher, Scory, (after Bishop of

Anno issi.f^ochester,) against two evils among others then very much

Bishop ^^j^ rp^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^Yie want of ecclesiastical discipline, where-

letter to }jy great wickednesses were committed without any censures

concerning or puuishmcuts : the other was, covetousness ; whereby the

ecciesiasti- ^^^ ^j^g g^ much wronged by the rich, by the means of

cal disci- ^ , . .,, . -n ^i
piine. enclosures, and convertmg tillage mto pasture. Jb or the re-
dress of which evils, with some other, he made then humble

suit to the King. And of these two, this preacher, being in

August made Bishop of Rochester, thought fit to remind the

King again, in his letter of thanks for his advancement.

The sick- The sweating sickness, though so violent in July, yet the

den^"'^ next month it marvellously abated: insomuch that in a

abates. letter which the King wrote in his progress, dated August

22, to Fitz-Patrick, he said, that the most part of England

at that time was clear of any dangerous or infectious sick-

ness.

The French The King went, August 24, from Hampton Court to

^lued."' Windsor, where the French King was stalled of the order

of the Garter, with a great banner of arms embroidered

with Jleurs de lis of gold bossed, and mantle of tissue, and

the helmet clean gilt, and so the sword.
The King on Michaelmas day wore the robes of the
order of St. Michael, with escalop shells of France. And
28 1 the same time was chosen of the order of the Garter,
Lord Darcy ^|^g Lord Chamberlain, Lord Darcy ; who was installed
of the order. . . . i p c>i- t i tut n
Oct. 3, ensmng : commg m the place oi bir John Wallop,

deceased.

Month's The montli's mind for the two Dukes of Suffolk, late de-
twoDukls^ ceased, was kept Sept. 22. So the more solemn celebration

of Suffolk, (jf ^i^g funerals of great persons, about a month more or

less after their interments, used to be called. It was per-

formed with two standards, two banners, great and large,

ten bannerols, with divers coats of arms ; two helmets, two

swords, two targets crowned, two coats of arms, two crests,

and ten dozen of escutcheons crowned; with lamentation

that so noble a stock was extinct in them.

OF KING EDWARD VI. 497

In September the King granted these annuities to several CHAP.

Frenchmen, viz. Francis de Bignon, 37/. 10*. Abraham ^ '

Parady, John de Len, [Loen perhaps,] Nic. du Menir,-^""^ i^'^i-

Oalhot Tassat, 27/. 7*. 6d. each : and Cohn le Cout, 18/. 5s. foTme''

to be paid from the 1st of January last. These seem to French,

have been learned ministers, fled from their own country

for the persecution.

Now began the Duke of Somerset's new troubles. For Somerset's

October 15, he and the Lord Grey were sent to the Tower ; "fel vitei-

and the next day were committed to the same place hisiius,F. 5.

Duchess, and many more of his friends and servants, as Sir varieth from

Rafe Vane, Sir John Thyn ; and also Sir Thomas Holcroft, the King's

Sir Michael Stanhope, Mr. Hammond, Mr. John Seimour, a day.

Mr. Walley, Mr. Nudigate, Mr. Banister, Mr. Brayne, Mr.

Crane and his wife. Sir Miles Partridge, Sir Thomas Arun-

del and Lady. The 21st of the same month, the Lord

Paget was carried to the Fleet by the guard ; and the 8th

of November following, together with the Earl of Arundel,

was sent to the Tower : both whom were charged to have

been privy to Somerset's practices, and were fain afterwards

to make their submissions. And November 25, the Lord

Dacres of the north was committed to the Tower, as it

seems, for the same crime.

Next, the Duke of Northumberland (for so was Warwick The city
newly created) and his party, to make the pretended trea- ^o'"»^^"^-
sons of Somerset and the rest appear the more formidable, on guard.
on the 22d of October, with much shew and ceremony, were
all the crafts and corporations of London commanded to
repair to their halls: and there it was shewed them, that
the Duke of Somerset would have taken the Tower, seized
on the broad seal, and have destroyed the city ; and then
to have gone to the Isle of Wight. After this declaration,
they were charged each corporation to ward at every gate
in London, and to have a walking watch through the city.
The Lord Chancellor Rich not being able to attend upon A commis-

si , . , c 1 • • 1 • • sionfordes-

Cnancery busmess by reason oi his sickness, a commission patching

was dated October 26, to John Beaumont, esq. Sir William <^ hancery

Portman, Sir James Hales, Sir Richard Rede, John Olyver,
VOL. II. K k

498 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

BOOK and William Cook, (the first whereof was Master of the Rolls,

^^' the three following judges, and the two last civilians,) to

Anno 1551. hear and determine any manner of matters before the King

in his Chancery, between his subjects, now hanging, or here-

after to be exhibited ; with authority to award out all man-

ner of process that had been accustomed therefore : and to

punish all manner of contempts, and do all other circum-

stances necessary for the same. And with a commandment

to all the officers to attend upon five, four, or three of them.

282 And all things done by them, to stand in like force as if

they were done by the Lord Chancellor himself.

CHAP. V.

The Marquis of Dorset advanced. Polydore Virgil. A

Lasco. The army mustered before the King. The Scots
Queen entertained. Reports in Germany. Sir James
Croft. Lord Admiral goes into France. Barnaby

Fitz-Patrich. Guisnes to he surveyed.

ijlJT to go on with the transactions of the state this year.
The Earl of October 14. the Marquis of Dorset petitioned the King
^™ds'^ to be recalled from being warden of the north, by reason of
Dorset in ^ig inabihty. For Feb. 15, it having been thought neces-
Councii- sary, for weighty considerations, to send a man of honour
Book. northward, it was resolved to send the Marquis of Dorset,
as warden general of the north. The King yielded this
nobleman his request, and appointed the Earl of Warwick
to succeed him. And October the Lord Chancellor had
commands to make out a patent to that effect, with as much