So prep. A, with instr

svetovoÃj adj. 1, light (attrib.). 2, illuminated: sveto-vaÃq reklaÃma, illuminated sign; electric sign. Ñsveto-voÃj god, light year.

svetomaskiroÃvka n. blackout.

svetonepronicaÃemyj adj. lightproof.

svetoprestavleÃnie n. the end of the world.

svetofoÃr n. traffic light.

sveÃtoh n. 1, obs. torch. 2, fig. (with gen.) torch (of): sveÃtoh iÃstiny, the torch of truth. 3, fig. luminary; lead-ing light.

svetohuvstviÃtel;nyj adj., photog. sensitive to light.

sveÃtskij adj. 1, secular; lay. 2, worldly. 3, refined; polite.

svetqÃ]ijsq adj. luminous; luminescent.

svehaà [pl. sveÃhi, sveheÃj, svehaÃm] n. 1, candle. Pri sveÃte svehiÃ; pri svehaÃx, by candlelight. 2, (unit of) candlepower. 3, in zapaÃl;naq svehaÃ, spark plug. 4, suppository. Ñigraà ne stoÃit sveh, the game is not worth the candle.

sveheÃnie n. 1, luminescence. 2, fluorescence. 3, phos-phorescence.

sveÃhka [gen. pl. -hek] n. 1, candle. 2, suppository.

svehnoÃj adj. candle (attrib.).

sveÃwat; v., pfv. of veÃwat; (in sense #3).

sveÃwivat; v.impfv. [pfv. sveÃsit;] 1, to let hang down; let dangle. 2, to lower. ÑsveÃwivat;sq, refl. 1, to hang down; dangle. 2, to droop. 3, colloq. (with iz) to lean out of; (with heÃrez) to lean over.

svivaÃl;nik n. swaddling clothes.

svivaÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. svit;] 1, to twist. 2, to weave. 3, to roll; roll up. 4, to unwind. 5, [impfv. only] to swaddle. ÑsvivaÃt;sq, refl. to roll up.
svidaÃnie n. 1, appointment; date. L[boÃvnoe svi-daÃnie, tryst. 2, visit (with a prisoner, patient, etc.). Ñdo svidaÃniq!, goodbye! Ñdo skoÃrogo svidaÃniq!, see you soon!

svideÃtel; n.m. witness.

svideÃtel;skij adj., in svideÃtel;skie pokazaÃ-niq, testimony.

svideÃtel;stvo n. 1, evidence. 2, testimony. 3, certifi-cate; license: svideÃtel;stvo o ro'deÃnii, birth certifi-icate; braÃhnoe svideÃtel;stvo, marriage license.

svideÃtel;stvovat; v.impfv. [pres. -stvu[, -stvu-ew;] 1, to testify; give evidence. 2, (with o) to attest to; be evidence of; bear witness to.

svinaÃrnik n. pigpen; pigsty.

svineÃc [gen. -ncaÃ] n. lead.

sviniÃna n. pork.

sviÃÃnka [gen. pl. -nok] n. 1, little pig. 2, mumps. ÑmorskaÃq sviÃnka, guinea pig.

svinoÃj adj. 1, pig (attrib.); hog (attrib.). 2, pork (attrib.).

svinomaÃtka [gen. pl. -tok] n. sow (pig).

svinopaÃs n. swineherd.

sviÃnskij adj., colloq. swinish.

sviÃnstvo n., colloq. 1, squalor; filth. 2, despicable act.

svintiÃt; [infl. -huÃ, -tiÃw;] v., pfv. of sviÃnhivat;.

svincoÃvyj adj. 1, lead (attrib.). 2, leaden; dull gray. ÑsvincoÃvye beliÃla, white lead. ÑsvincoÃvyj blesk, galena. Ñ svincoÃvyj suÃrik, red lead.

sviÃnhivat; v.impfv. [pfv. svintiÃt;] 1, to screw to-gether. 2, colloq. to unscrew.

svin;qà [pl. sviÃn;i, svineÃj, sviÃn;qm] n. 1, pig; hog; swine. 2, in morskaÃq svin;qÃ, porpoise. Ñpod-lo'iÃt; svin;[à (+ dat.), to play a dirty trick on.

svireÃl; n.f. reed (primitive musical instrument).

svirepeÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. rassvirepeÃt;] to become fierce; become violent.

svireÃpost; n.f. ferocity.

svireÃpstvovat; v.impfv. [pres. -stvu[, -stvu-ew;] 1, to go on a rampage; wreak havoc. 2, (of a storm, fire, etc.) to rage.

svireÃpyj adj. fierce; ferocious.

sviristeÃl; n.m. waxwing (bird).

svisaÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. sviÃsnut;] to hang down; droop.

sviÃsnut; [past svis, sviÃsla] v., pfv. of svisaÃt;.

svist n. 1, whistle; whistling. 2, hiss; hissing.

svistaÃt; v.impfv. [pres. svi]uÃ, sviÃ]ew;] = svisteÃt;.

svisteÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. sviÃstnut;; pres. svi]uÃ, svistiÃw;] 1, to whistle. 2, to hiss.


svistoÃk [gen. -stkaÃ] n. whistle (instrument or sound).

svistoplqÃska n., colloq. bedlam; chaos.

svistuÃl;ka [gen. pl. -lek] n., colloq. whistle; tin whistle.

svistuÃn [gen. -tunaÃ] n., colloq. whistler (one who whistles).

svistqÃ]ij adj. & n. sibilant.

sviÃta n. suite; retinue.

sviÃter (t`) n. sweater.

sviÃtok [gen. -tka] n. 1, roll. 2, scroll.

svit; [infl. sov;[Ã, sov;\w;; past fem. svilaÃ] v., pfv. of vit; and svivaÃt;. ÑsviÃt;sq, refl., pfv. of svi-vaÃt;sq.

svixnuÃt; v.pfv., colloq. to dislocate. ÑsvixnuÃt;sq, refl., colloq. 1, to go mad; go nuts. 2, to go astray.

svi] [gen. svi]aÃ] n. 1, knothole. 2, med. fistula.

sviqÃz; n.f. widgeon (duck).

svoboÃda n. freedom; liberty. Ñna svoboÃde, 1, at liberty; at large. 2, at oneÕs leisure. ÑvypuskaÃt; or otpuskaÃt; na svoboÃdu, to set free.

svoboÃdno adv. 1, freely. 2, easily. 3, loosely. 4, fluently. 5, in a relaxed manner. Ñadj., used predi-catively, unoccupied: Zdes; svoboÃdno?, is this seat taken?

svoboÃdnyj adj. [short form -den, -dna, -dno -dny] 1, free. 2, vacant; unoccupied. 3, loose. 4, (of time) spare; free. 5, free and easy; relaxed.

svobodol[biÃvyj adj. freedom-loving. Ñsvobodo-l[Ãbie, n. love of freedom.

svobodomyÃslie n. free thought.

svobodomyÃslq]ij adj. freethinking. Ñn. free-thinker.

svod n. 1, code: svod zakoÃnov, code of laws. 2, archit. arch. 3, arch (of the foot). ÑnebeÃsnyj svod, the firmament.

svodiÃt;¹ v.impfv. [pfv. svestiÃ; pres. svo'uÃ, svoÃ-diw;] 1, to lead down; take down; help (someone) down. 2, to take (a person somewhere on foot). 3, to lead away. 4, to join; tie together. 5, to bring together; (with s + instr.) put in touch or contact (with). 6, to remove (a stain, wart, etc.). 7, (with na + acc. or k or do) to reduce: svo-diÃt; k miÃnimumu, to reduce to a minimum. 8, (with v + acc.) to incorporate (into): svodiÃt; v tabliÃcu, to tab-ulate. 9, to square; settle: svodiÃt; sh\ty s, to settle scores with. 10, fig. to turn; switch (a conversation, oneÕs thoughts, etc.). 11, to cramp. Also impers. U menqà sveloà noÃgu, I have a cramp in my leg. Ñne svodiÃt; glaz s (+ gen.), not take oneÕs eyes off... ÑsvodiÃt; v mogiÃlu, to be the death of. ÑsvodiÃt; koncyà s koncaÃmi, to make ends meet. ÑsvodiÃt; na net, to negate; nullify. ÑsvodiÃt; s umaÃ, to drive mad; drive crazy; drive out of oneÕs mind.

svodiÃt;² v.pfv. [infl. svo'uÃ, svoÃdiw;] to take to and back; lead to and back.

svodiÃt;sq v.r.impfv. [pfv. svestiÃs;; pres. svoÃ-ditsq] to come (down) to: svodiÃt;sq na net or k nul[Ã, to come to naught. Vs\ deÃlo svoÃditsq k `Ãtomu, the whole thing comes (or boils) down to this.

svoÃdka [gen. pl. -dok] n. summary; report. SvoÃdka pogoÃdy, weather report; weather forecast.

svoÃdnik n. procurer; pimp.

svoÃdnihat; v.impfv. to pander.

svoÃdnihestvo n. procuring.

svoÃdnyj adj. combined; consolidated; composite. ÑsvoÃdnyj brat, 1, stepbrother. 2, half brother. ÑsvoÃdnaq sestraÃ, 1, stepsister. 2, half sister.

svoÃdhatyj adj. arched; vaulted.

svoevoÃlie n. high-handedness.

svoevoÃl;nyj adj. strong-willed; headstrong.

svoevreÃmennyj adj. timely; opportune. ÑsvoevreÃ-menno, adv. in time. ÑsvoevreÃmennost;, n.f. time-liness.

svoekoryÃstie n. self-interest. ÑsvoekoryÃstnyj, adj. self-seeking.

svoenraÃvie n. high-handedness. ÑsvoenraÃvnyj, adj. strong-willed; headstrong.

svoeobraÃzie n. distinctive quality.

svoeobraÃznyj adj. distinctive; singular; peculiar.

svoziÃt;¹ v.impfv. [pfv. sveztiÃ; pres. svo'uÃ, svoÃ-ziw;] 1, to gather together (in one place). 2, to drive down. 3, to take away; cart away. See also sveztiÃ.

svoziÃt;² v.pfv. [infl. svo'uÃ, svoÃziw;] to drive; take (someone) to and back.

svoj [infl. like moj] poss. adj. & pron., used when the possessor is the subject of the sentence. 1, oneÕs; my; his; her; their: snqt; svo[à wlqÃpu, to take off oneÕs hat. 2, oneÕs own: U nix svoqà mawiÃna, they have their own car. ÑsvoiÃ, n.pl. oneÕs own people. Ñbrat; svo\, 1, to succeed; prevail. 2, to take its toll. ÑdobiÃt;sq svoegoÃ, to gain oneÕs objective; get oneÕs way. ÑnastaÃivat; na svo\m, to insist on having oneÕs own way. ÑnastoqÃt; na svo\m, to have oneÕs own way. ÑostaÃt;sq pri svoiÃx, 1, to break even (in gambling). 2, to be right where one was before. ÑpoluhiÃt; svo\, to get oneÕs just reward. ÑstoqÃt; na svo\m, to stand oneÕs ground.

svoÃjstvennik n. relative by marriage; in-law.

svoÃjstvennyj adj. (with dat.) characteristic: so svoÃj-stvennym emuà [Ãmorom, with his characteristic humor. HeloveÃku svoÃjstvenno owibaÃt;sq, to err is human. IstoÃrii svoÃjstvenno povtorqÃt;sq, history always repeats itself; history is destined to repeat itself.

svoÃjstvo n. property; attribute; characteristic.

svojstvoà n. relationship by marriage. Ñbyt; or so-stoqÃt; v svojstveà s (+ instr.), to be related by marriage to.

svolaÃkivat; v.impfv. [pfv. svoloÃh;] colloq. to drag; drag off; drag down.

svoÃloh; n.f., vulg. 1, riffraff; rabble. 2, swine; scoun-drel.

svoloÃh; [infl. like voloÃh;] v., pfv. of svolaÃkivat;.

svoÃra n. 1, leash. 2, pack (of dogs, wolves, etc.). 3, gang.

svoraÃhivat; v.impfv. [pfv. svernuÃt;] 1, v.i. to turn: svoraÃhivat; s doroÃgi/ v pereuÃlok/, to turn off the road/ down a side street/. 2, v.t., colloq. to turn: svo-raÃhivat; mawiÃnu naleÃvo, to turn a car to the left.

svoqÃk [gen. svoqkaÃ] n. brother-in-law (wifeÕs sisterÕs husband).

svoqÃhenica n. sister-in-law (wifeÕs sister).

svykaÃt;sq v.r.impfv. [pfv. svyÃknut;sq] (with s + instr.) to get used to.

svyÃknut;sq [past svyÃksq, svyÃklas;] v.r., pfv. of svykaÃt;sq.

svysokaà adv. 1, obs. from on high. 2, with disdain. SmotreÃt; na (+ acc.) svysokaÃ, to look down on. GovoriÃt; s (+ instr.) svysokaÃ, to talk down to.

svyÃwe adv. from above; from on high. Ñprep., with gen. 1, over; more than. 2, beyond: svyÃwe moiÃx sil, beyond me; more than I can handle.

svqÃzannyj adj. 1, related; connected. 2, (of movements) awkward; (of speech) halting. See also svqÃzyvat; (sense #5).

svqzaÃt; [infl. svq'uÃ, svqÃ'ew;] v., pfv. of vqzaÃt; and svqÃzyvat;. ÑsvqzaÃt;sq, refl., pfv. of svqÃzy-vat;sq.

svqziÃst n. 1, mil. signalman. 2, telephone or telegraph worker.

svqÃzka [gen. pl. -zok] n. 1, bunch; bundle. 2, ligament. 3, chess pin. ÑglagoÃl-svqÃzka, linking verb. Ñgolo-sovyÃe svqÃzki, vocal cords.

svqznoÃj adj. liaison (attrib.); communications (attrib.). Ñn. messenger.

svqÃznyj adj. coherent. ÑsvqÃznost;, n.f. coherence.

svqzuÃ[]ij adj. connecting.


svqÃzyvat; v.impfv. [pfv. svqzaÃt;] 1, to tie; bind; tie up; tie together. 2, to connect; link; join. 3, (with s + instr.) to put in touch (with). 4, fig. to bind: svqÃzan obe]aÃniem, bound by a promise; svqÃzan raspisaÃniem, bound by (or tied to) a schedule. Sud;baà ix svqzaÃla, fate bound them together. 5, past passive part. only, A, to connect; asso-ciate: vs\, hto svqÃzano s `Ãtim, everything connected/ associated/having to do/ with it. B, (with s + instr.) to involve; entail: ~×to svqÃzano s riÃskom, it involves/entails risk. SkandaÃlÊ, svqÃzannyj s..., a scandal involving... 6, chess to pin. ÑsvqzaÃt; svo[à sud;buà s, to cast oneÕs lot with. ÑsvqzaÃt; po rukaÃm i nogaÃm, 1, to bind hand and foot. 2, fig. to tie someoneÕs hands. ÑsvqÃzy-vat; ruÃki (+ dat.), to tie someoneÕs hands.

svqÃzyvat;sq v.r.impfv. [pfv. svqzaÃt;sq] (with s + instr.) 1, to contact; get in touch with. 2, colloq. to get involved (with).

svqz; n.f. 1, connection. 2, tie; link: torgoÃvye svqÃzi, trade ties. 3, contact: poterqÃt; svqz; s, to lose contact (or touch) with. 4, (illicit) affair; liaison. 5, communica-tion(s). PohtoÃvaq/telefoÃnnaq svqz;, mail/telephone service. 6, pl. (personal) contacts; connections. 7, coup-ling. 8, mil. liaison. Ñv svqzià s (+ instr.), 1, in con-nection with. 2, because of; owing to. Ñv svqzií s hem, as a result of which. Ñv svqzií s `Ãtim, 1, in this connection. 2, as a result. Ñv `Ãtoj svqziÃ, in this con-nection.

svqteÃjwestvo n. Holiness: egoà svqteÃjwestvo, His Holiness.

svqtiÃli]e n. 1, temple; sanctuary. 2, fig. revered place.

svqÃtki [gen. -tok] n.pl. Yuletide; the period from Christmas through January 6th.

svqÃto adv. 1, as if sacred: svqÃto htit; htoÃ-nibud;, to hold something sacred. 2, scrupulously: svqÃto sobl[-daÃt; htoÃ-nibud;, to observe something scrupulously.

svqtoÃj adj. holy; sacred. Ñn. saint. ÑsvqtaÃq iÃstina or praÃvda, gospel truth. ÑsvqtaÃq svqtyÃx, holy of holies.

svqÃtost; n.f. holiness; sanctity.

svqtotaÃtstvo n. sacrilege. ÑsvqtotaÃtstvennyj, adj. sacrilegious.

svqtotaÃtstvovat; v.impfv. [pres. -stvu[, -stvu-ew;] to commit sacrilege.

svqÃtohnyj adj. Christmas (attrib.).

svqtoÃwa n.m. & f. pious hypocrite.

svqÃtcy [gen. -cev] n.pl. church calendar.

svqtyÃnq n. sacred place; holy place.


svq]eÃnnik n. 1, priest. 2, clergyman.

svq]eÃnniheskij adj. 1, priestly; sacerdotal. 2, clergy-manÕs; clergyÕs.

svq]eÃnnyj adj. sacred; holy.

svq]eÃnstvo n. priesthood.

sgib n. 1, bend. 2, crook (in oneÕs arm).

sgibaÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. sognuÃt;] to bend. ÑsgibaÃt;-sq, refl. 1, (of an object) to bend. 2, (of a person) to bend over.

sgiÃnut; v.pfv., colloq. to disappear; vanish.

sglaÃdit; [infl. -'u, -diw;] v., pfv. of sglaÃ'ivat;.

sglaÃ'ivat; v.impfv. [pfv. sglaÃdit;] 1, to smooth; smooth out. 2, fig. to smooth out; smooth over; soften.

sglaÃzit; v.pfv. [infl. -'u, -ziw;] to jinx; put a hex on; give (someone) the evil eye.

sglupiÃt; v.pfv. [infl. -pl[Ã, -piÃw;] colloq. to do or say something foolish.

sgnit; v., pfv. of gnit;.

sgnoiÃt; v., pfv. of gnoiÃt;.

sgovaÃrivat;sq v.r.impfv. [pfv. sgovoriÃt;sq] 1, to arrange (to do something). TaÃjno sgovoriÃt;sq (+ inf.), to secretly conspire to... 2, to reach an agreement: S nim truÃdno sgovoriÃt;sq, it is hard to reach an agreement with him; he is hard to deal with.

sgoÃvor n. 1, conspiracy. 2, collusion. 3, obs. agreement; understanding. 4, obs. betrothal.

sgovoriÃt;sq v.r., pfv. of sgovaÃrivat;sq.

sgovoÃrhivyj adj. amenable.

sgonqÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. sognaÃt;] 1, to drive away; drive off; chase away; chase off. 2, to drive together; round up. 3, to remove (freckles, wrinkles, etc.). 4, colloq. to take off (weight).

sgoraÃnie n. combustion. ÑdviÃgatel; vnuÃtrennego sgoraÃniq, internal-combustion engine.

sgoraÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. sgoreÃt;] 1, to burn (up); be burned (up); burn down. SgoreÃt; zaÃ'ivo, to be burned alive; be burned to death. 2, (of fuel, firewood, etc.) to be consumed. 3, (of vegetation) to wither; shrivel. 4, fig. to burn oneself out. 5, fig. (with ot or s + gen.) to be dying of (shame, curiosity, etc.).

sgoÃrbit; v., pfv. of goÃrbit;. ÑsgoÃrbit;sq, refl., pfv. of goÃrbit;sq.

sgoÃrblennyj adj. bent over; hunched over.

sgoreÃt; [infl. sgor[Ã, sgoriÃw;] v., pfv. of sgoraÃt;.

sgorqhaà adv. in the heat of the moment; in a fit of temper.

sgrebaÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. sgrestiÃ] 1, to rake together. 2, to sweep off; brush off; shovel off.

sgrestià [infl. like grestiÃ] v., pfv. of sgrebaÃt;.

sgrudiÃt;sq also, sgruÃdit;sq v.r.pfv., colloq. to congregate; cluster.

sgru'aÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. sgruziÃt;] to unload.

sgruziÃt; [infl. sgru'uÃ, sgruÃziw; or sgruziÃw;] v., pfv. of sgru'aÃt;.

sgruppirovaÃt; v., pfv. of gruppirovaÃt;. Ñsgrup-pirovaÃt;sq, refl., pfv. of gruppirovaÃt;sq.

sgryzaÃt; v.impfv. [pfv. sgryzt;] to chew up.

sgryzt; [infl. like gryzt;] v., pfv. of sgryzaÃt;.

sgubiÃt; v.pfv. [infl. sgubl[Ã, sguÃbiw;] colloq. to ruin.

sgustiÃt; [infl. -]uÃ, -stiÃw;] v., pfv. of sgu]aÃt;. ÑsgustiÃt;sq, refl., pfv. of sgu]aÃt;sq.