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With the extensive knowledge and experience of Army forces developed in operations since the OEF, new lessons learned and tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) are emerging that will impact joint and Army doctrine concerning Soldier and leaders character development and the moral component of the human dimension.
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Doctrine must identify with greater clarity the breadth of requirements confronting the Army, and provide the institutional narrative necessary to inspire and nurture adaptable, self-aware, and self-reliant leaders and structures capable of making rapid transitions between conventional and unconventional actions and conflicts.
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The Army requires continued articulation of its institutional values and the virtues in context with the future environment.
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Future doctrine must emphasize the influence of moral-ethical conduct of Soldiers on the Army’s credibility as a fighting force, mission, and reputation in the world.
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Doctrine must initiate a change to Army culture and the traditions to ones that demand and reward adaptation and balance the focus on warfighting with other contingency operations across the spectrum of conflict. This cultural change will serve as the catalyst for a comprehensive revision of supporting doctrine.
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Future Modular Force commanders require a common doctrinal lexicon for cultural and language proficiency and capabilities.
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Future Modular Force commanders require doctrinal solutions that include TTPs for developing and employing human terrain expertise, reading the social cultural landscape, and developing negotiating skills in themselves and subordinate leaders.
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The Army requires the capability to sustain the health of the Service professional military ethic. As the Army Center of Excellence proponent for maintaining and promoting the health of the Army’s service ethic, the U.S. Military Academy (USMA) through its William E. Simon Center for the Professional Military Ethic requires the capability to develop curriculum materials for integration into the OES in order to bolster the moral and ethical foundations of military service.
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Since NCOs also bear special responsibility for the health of the Army professional military ethic, the U.S. Army Sergeant Major’s Academy at Fort Bliss should be given special authority and responsibility to the commanding general, U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC), to guide the understanding of ethics by the NCO corps.
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Identify and resource the organizational proponent responsible for training, educating and evaluating individual and collective proficiency.
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Generating and future Modular Force commanders must have the capability to integrate training that promotes character development.
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Initial military training (IMT) cadre must possess the capability to provide training that builds the warrior spirit and provide skills that enable recruits/cadets to cope with and overcome the common stressors Soldiers face not only in IMT but in units undergoing training and in combat.
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Future recruits and officer cadets/candidates require the capability to internalize the moral content of the military oaths as integral foundation of the Army service ethic. This capability must be made explicit at the time of induction and accession, and reinforced/integrated on a periodic basis as part of the socialization process in IMT.
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Training scenarios in IMT courses require the capability to integrate ambiguous and complex situations involving legal and moral-ethical issues, with particular emphasis on application of rules of engagement and moral reasoning in complex situations, followed by rigorous critique of choices made in terms of costs and benefits of decisions and moral ethical implications. Trainees and officers in the basics courses must understand there can be immediate and long term institutional costs from momentary lapses in the heat of combat or during long periods of desensitizing boredom.
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Training scenarios in field and situation training exercises at home station and especially the combat training centers (CTCs) must have the capability to integrate ambiguous and complex situations involving legal and moral-ethical issues, with particular emphasis on application of rules of engagement and moral reasoning in complex situations, followed by rigorous critique of choices made in terms both of costs and benefits of decisions and moral ethical implications.
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Future Modular Force commanders must have the capability to integrate into the pre-deployment training program, cultural training targeted to the intended AO.
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Habitually integrate cultural complexity into Army training exercises especially the CTCs as challenges to mission accomplishment and the subject of after action review (AAR) assessments.
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IMT must possess the capability to identify those with an aptitude for languages and develop that aptitude through additional training and education.
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IMT must initiate the process of instilling cultural awareness and sensitivity in new recruits and officer cadets.
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Soldiers in intelligence, law enforcement and protection specialties must receive professional training that gives appropriate emphasis to the importance of cultural understanding to the development of human and police intelligence.
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The Army must develop the capability for distributed education to sensitize and prepare Soldiers for the difficult decisions that will confront them.
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With the costs of real time force on force training increasing, training simulations designed to improve individual and collective competence at lower cost require the capability to integrate complex moral ethical situations requiring rapid decisions. The simulations must also be capable of discreet outcomes and results based on leader decisions.
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The Army must continue to develop technologies and material solutions that can assist in developing necessary Soldier, leader, and unit language and cultural proficiency for use across the training domains.
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Provide digital translation through personal digital assistant-like devices uploaded with language recognition and translation software for use by small units when translators/interpreters are unavailable. These devices should also enable wireless reachback to information databases on language, culture, and customs.
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Extensive acquisition of “in home” language training for use by Soldiers to achieve at least minimal language proficiency.
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The enormous cost of real time training argues for the rapid development and acquisition of individual, leader, staff and small unit level interactive simulations that integrate language, interpersonal, cultural, adaptive thinking, negotiation, and complex problem solving skills into multiple time-constrained scenarios.
Officer and NCO professional education at all levels must have the capability to deliver progressive and sequential content on those skills, knowledge, and abilities required to develop and sustain Soldier and leader character that develops and sustains the warrior spirit, Soldier morale, and unit cohesion, and prevents combat and operational stress reactions (COSR) casualties.
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Officer and NCO professional education at all levels must have the capability to deliver progressive and sequential content on those leadership skills that develops and sustains the warrior spirit, Soldier moral, and unit cohesion, and prevents COSR casualties.
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Mentorship relationships should give proper ethical modeling high priority as an essential element without neglecting the criticality of technical competence, which, in fact, is a key virtue of all in service.
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Leader evaluation must be capable of assessing individual modeling of declared institutional values and virtues.
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Professional education experiences must involve formal and mentored opportunities to reflect on individual ethical development and the importance of the leader’s role in creating an ethical climate in which subordinates can act ethically and develop their moral identity.
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Officer and NCO professional education must include progressive and sequential content on cultural literacy through cultural competency; specifically understanding key groups capable of influencing military operations in the immediate and broad sense; groups like the press, nongovernmental and other governmental agencies, and the American and foreign publics. This must include negotiation skills.
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The Army must develop a broad, sequential, and progressive program of institutional and self-development language learning with the goal of attaining a high level of fluency in targeted positions, at least a moderate expertise in all mid-level commissioned, and NOC leaders. This will include a combination of Army schools and advanced civilian education.
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The Army must have the capability to identify those applicants with obvious psychological factors that should eliminate them from military service.
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The Army must maintain standards for recruitment that avoid accession of recruits and officer cadets/candidates with demonstrated, significant behavior problems.
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Army recruiting programs must make clear the warrior purpose of uniformed service and the moral-ethical expectations placed on members.
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Army must have the capability to enlist, commission, and manage linguists in targeted languages, and integrate language and culture training within other training events.
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Future Modular Force commanders require the facilities at home station and in the AO that positively affect Soldier morale (such as, Department of Family and Children's Services, morale, welfare, and recreation services, Soldier living quarters, training and maintenance facilities, family housing, force protection, and health care).
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The Army must capitalize on its experience reintegrating Soldiers who have suffered traumatic injury or psychological harm in Army units and civilian life by developing programs deliberately designed to meet Soldier reset requirements.
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Future Modular Force commanders require facilities at home station and the CTCs that will replicate the cultural landscape within which their units will likely operate.
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Regardless of its role within the spectrum of conflict, the Army requires a capability to reestablish—or introduce—the rule of law, operate and administer a corrections system for offenders pending criminal proceedings, and enable the advent of a functioning judicial system that adjudicates individual cases for final disposition.
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