Unit Social Settings. Lesson Meet New People (speaking)

Statement	Negative	Question
Short Answers
I/You/We/You/They work. He/She/It works.	I/You/We/You/They do not/ don’t work. He/She/It works.	Do I/You/We/You/They work? Does He/She/It work?	Yes, I/You/We/You/They do. No, I/You/We/You/They don’t. Yes, He/She/It does. No, He/She/It doesn’t.

Statement	Negative	Question	Short Answers
I am (I’m) working He/She/It is (He’s/She’s/It’s) working. We/You/They are (We’re/You’re/They’re) working.	I am not (I’m not) working. He/She/It is not (He’s/She’s/It’s not) (He/She/It isn’t) working. We/You/They are not (We’re/You’re/They’re not) (We/You/They aren’t) working.	Am I working? Is he/she/it working? Are we/you/they working?	Yes, I am. No, I’m not. Yes, he/she/it is. No, he/she/it isn’t. (No, he’s/she’s/it’s not) Yes, we/you/they are. No, we/you/they aren’t No, we’re/you’re/ they’re not

EXAMPLES	EXPLANATIONS
	Simple Present	Present Processive
Philippe smokes twenty cigarettes a day.	For an action that happens regularly, again and again.
A: Where’s Philippe? B: Outside in the back yard. He’s smoking a cigarette. Leanne can’t come to the phone right now because she’s taking a shower.		For an action that is in progress at the time of speaking.
Philippe is smoking more cigarettes than usual these days because he’s nervous about his final exams. Audrey is learning Greek this semester.		For an action in progress around the time of speaking.
Carmina lives in Mexico City. The sun rises in the East. Mark always reads the sports section of the newspaper first.	For actions and situations that we don’t expect to change.
Angela is living with her mother for the time being. (Someday she will move into a house of her own.) Matt will start college next year. Until then, he is working at Fat Burger.		For actions and situations that are temporary and that we expect to change.

There are also examples of the simple past tense in the video. Use this tense to talk about an action which began and completely ended at some time in the past. Review the forms and the use of the simple past tense:

Subject__Base_Form_+_-ed'>Subject	Base Form + -ed
I / You / He / She / It / We / You / They	started three years ago.

Subject	Verb
I / You / He / She / It / We / You / They	went	to New York last year.

Negative Form
Subject	did + not / didn’t	Base Form of the Verb
I / You / He / She / It / We / You / They	did not / didn’t	work.

Yes/No Questions
Did	Subject	Base Form of the Verb
Did	I / You / He / She / It / We / You / They	visit	New York last year?

Short Answers
Affirmative			Negative
Yes,	I / You / He / She / It / We / You / They	did		No,	I / You / He / She / It / We / You / They	did not didn’t

Wh-word	did	Subject	Base Form of the Verb	Answers
What When Where Why How How long How long ago Who(m)	did	I you he the ship she they you Lisa and Kate	do last summer? make plans? go last summer? sink? get to Paris? stay in New York? visit Alaska? meet in New York?	You went to Paris. (I made plans) last month. (He went) to Scotland. (It sank) because there was a storm. (She got there) by plane. (They stayed there for) two weeks. (I visited Alaska) ten years ago. (They met) a nice woman.

In the video, you hear examples of future time expressed with will and also with be going to. Look at these forms in the following charts:

EXAMPLES	EXPLANATIONS
Be careful! That chair is going to break. NOT: Be careful! That chair will break! Oh no! That little boy is going to fall off the bridge. NOT: Oh no! That little boy will fall off the bridge.	It is better to use be going to for actions or events that you think will happen very soon or immediately.
Babysitter to child: Your mommy’s going to be very angry about this. Student to professor: Will the test be difficult? Professor: It will be tough, but I don’t think you will have too many problems with it.	When the future event or actionwill not happen immediately: It is better to use be going to in an informal situations (relaxed and friendly situations, with family or friends). In informal speech, going to is usually pronounced gonna. It is better to use will in more formal situations.

Find the Grammar:

In the video, there are 30 examples of the five kinds of tenses we reviewed: the simple present, the present progressive, the simple past, the future with be going to and the future with will.Watch the video again. How many of these examples can you find???

Quick Check!

1. 
   “We’re leaving right now. Let’s go!” -- “I can’t leave right now. _____ for an important phone call.” A) I wait; B) I will wait; C) I’m waiting.
   
2. 
   “What language _____ in Iceland?” -- “Icelandic. But the people there know several languages.” A) do they speak; B) are they speaking; C) did they speak.
   
3. 
   “How was the movie?” -- “We _____. It was raining too hard.” A) didn’t go; B) didn’t went; C) don’t went.
   
4. 
   “I need the document as soon as possible. When can I have it?” -- “_____ it to you later today. It’s almost ready.” A) I send; B) I’ll send; C) I sent.
   
5. 
   “I hear that _____ in Mexico for a year.” -- “It’s true. I’m happy about it. I’m sure that it will be a wonderful experience.” A) you study; B) you’re going to study; C) you studied.
   

Lesson 2. Converse at Dinner (speaking).

Presentation:

Mark: I’ll have the shrimp special, sweet potato fries, and a tossed salad with the house dressing on the side.

Waiter: Will there be anything else?

Mark: No, that’s it for now.

Waiter: I’ll bring the appetizers right away.

Frenando: This is quite an interesting place. I’ll bet the food is great.

Mark: Sandy and I wanted to make sure you two get a chance to try out some local cuisine.

Marta: What a great idea. Maybe I’ll find a new dish or two for my restaurant back home.

Sandy: How long have you had the restaurant, Marta?

Marta: Oh, about nine years. I opened it after the kids started school.

Fernando: That’s about the time I started consulting and travelling all over.

Mark: You have a boy and a girl, right?

Fernando: We do. They’re both in high school now.

Marta: But our son is going to attend the university next year.

Mark: Yes, Fernando told me. He’s going to study engineering, isn’t he?

Fernando: Yes. Electrical engineering.

Sandy: And your daughter?

Marta: She has three more years of high school. She’s really interested in art, and she wants to take her last two years of high school in Paris.

Mark: She seems so young to go so far from home. Will you let her?

Marta: We will. We’re going to look at some boarding schools there next summer.

Sandy: How exciting for your daughter! So you’ll be here for a few more months, Fernando?

Fernando: At least. There’s some corporate restructuring going on, and the company’s going to need help implementing some new processes.

Sandy: Are you and Mark going to work together at all?

Fernando: Probably not. I won’t be involved in sales and marketing.

Marta: Tell me Mark, how do you like working in sales?

Mark: I like it. Between travelling and giving presentations, I meet a lot of interesting people. And I like visiting various cities.

Sandy: And I get a chance to go with him on some of his trips. It’s great fun, and a good source of articles for the magazine – besides the ones I do on assignment.

Fernando: Your trip to Patagonia sounded wonderful. Between the two of you, you really get around.

Sandy: Yes, we do. Our next trip is going to be Hawaii. We leave next month!

Mark: Let’s toast Marta’s next trip! We hope it’s going to be right back here to the U.S., and very soon.

Activity:

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Vocabulary: