Wltp-2013-019 Consolidated Draft gtr 12. 04. 2013 Running history of the consolidated draft gtr
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- Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
- PROPOSED DRAFT SECTION B.1.: PURPOSE B. TEXT OF REGULATION 1. PURPOSE [PURPOSE ANSWERS THE QUESTION “WHAT DOES THE GTR AIM TO DO” ]
- PROPOSED DRAFT SECTION B.2.: SCOPE/APPLICATION
- PROPOSED DRAFT SECTION B.3.: DEFINITIONS Style: as in GTR 11
- Definitions should define a term and not deal with the scope and purpose of the GTR. Definitions should not include examples.
- ROAD AND DYNAMOMETER LOAD
- Relative net energy change (NEC) " means the
PROPOSED DRAFT SECTION B.1.: PURPOSE B. TEXT OF REGULATION 1. PURPOSE [PURPOSE ANSWERS THE QUESTION “WHAT DOES THE GTR AIM TO DO?”] This regulation aims at providing a world-wide harmonised method to determine the levels of gaseous and particulate emissions, fuel or energy consumption, and electric range from light-duty vehicles under different conditions in a repeatable and reproducible manner designed to be representative of real world vehicle operation. The results will provide the basis for the regulation of these vehicles within regional type approval and certification procedures. PROPOSED DRAFT SECTION B.2.: SCOPE/APPLICATION B. TEXT OF REGULATION 2. SCOPE/APPLICATION [SCOPE ANSWERS THE QUESTION “TO WHICH CATEGORIES OR TYPES VEHICLES DOES THE GTR APPLY?”] This regulation applies to light-duty vehicles fulfilling the following criteria: ******************************************************* PROPOSED DRAFT SECTION B.3.: DEFINITIONS Style: as in GTR 11 First letter capitalised, subject matter underlined and in quotation marks, abbreviation in brackets within quotation marks, definition ends with a semi-colon Example: "High speed (nhi)" means the highest engine speed where 70 per cent of the maximum power occurs;
EQUIPMENT “Accuracy” means the difference between a measured value and a reference value, traceable to a national standard. See Figure 2; The actual value shall not show a systematic deviation from the set point of a controlled system; "Calibration" means the process of setting a measurement system's response so that its output agrees with a range of reference signals. Contrast with "verification";
"Non-oxygenated hydrocarbons (HC)" means compounds that consist of hydrogen and carbon only; “Non-methane, non-ethanol organic gases (NMNEOG)” means NMHC minus ethanol plus formaldehyde plus acetaldehyde; “ppm” means parts per million on a volume basis; “Precision” means the degree to which repeated measurements under unchanged conditions show the same results, usually defined in terms of standard deviations. See Figure 2; “Reference value” means a value traceable to a national standard. See Figure 2; "Response time" means the difference in time between the change of the component to be measured at the reference point and a system response of 90 per cent of the final reading (t90) with the sampling probe being defined as the reference point, whereby the change of the measured component is at least 60 per cent full scale (FS) and takes place in less than 0.1 second. The system response time consists of the delay time to the system and of the rise time of the system. See Figure 1; "Rise time" means the difference in time the 10 per cent and 90 per cent response of the final reading (t90 – t10). See Figure 1; “Set point” means the target value which a control system aims to reach; "Span" means to adjust an instrument so that it gives a proper response to a calibration standard that represents between 75 per cent and 100 per cent of the maximum value in the instrument range or expected range of use; "Span gas" means a purified gas mixture used to span gas analysers; “Total hydrocarbons (THC)” means all hydrocarbon compounds measurable by a flame ionisation detector (FID); "Transformation time" means the difference in time between the change of the component to be measured at the reference point and a system response of 50 per cent of the final reading (t50) with the sampling probe being defined as the reference point. See Figure 1; "Verification" means to evaluate whether or not a measurement system's outputs agrees with a "Zero gas" means a gas containing no analyte which is used to set a zero response on an analyser; 
Figure 1: Definitions of system response
Figure 2: Definition of accuracy, precision and reference value ROAD AND DYNAMOMETER LOAD “Aerodynamic drag” means the force that opposes a vehicle’s forward motion through air; “Aerodynamic stagnation point” means the point on the surface of a vehicle where wind velocity is equal to zero; "Best case test vehicle" ……………..; “Chassis dynamometer load setting” means the load to be set on the power absorption unit of the chassis dynamometer; “Chassis dynamometer using coefficient control” means a chassis dynamometer whose power absorption characteristics are determined by coefficients of a road-load approximation polynomial of second order; “Chassis dynamometer using polygonal control” means a chassis dynamometer whose power absorption characteristics are determined by load values at several speed points; “Dynamometer operation mode” means the mode in which the vehicle must be set for proper and representative testing on a chassis dynamometer; “On-board anemometry” means measurement of wind speed and direction with an anemometer installed on the test vehicle; “Reference atmospheric conditions” with regards to road load measurements means the atmospheric conditions to which these measurement results are corrected: (a) atmospheric pressure: p0 = 100 kPa, unless otherwise specified by regulations; (b) atmospheric temperature: T0 = 293 K, unless otherwise specified by regulations; (c) dry air density: ρ0 = 1,189 kg/m3, unless otherwise specified by regulations; (d) wind speed: 0 m/s;
using the coastdown method or the running resistance if using the torque meter method; “Rolling resistance” means the forces in the drivetrain and tyres opposing the motion of a vehicle; “Running resistance” means the torque resisting the forward motion of a vehicle, measured by torque meters installed at the driven wheels of a vehicle; “Simulated road load” means the road load calculated from measured coastdown data; “Speed range” means the range of speed between the maximum speed of the WLTC cycle for the class of test vehicle plus 10 km/h and minimum reference speed of 15 km/h over which the coastdown test is conducted; “Stationary anemometry” means measurement of wind speed and direction with an anemometer at a location and height above road level alongside the test road where the most representative wind conditions will be experienced; “Target road load” means the road load to be reproduced on the chassis dynamometer; “Total resistance” means the total force resisting movement of a vehicle, including the frictional forces in the drive-train; “Vehicle coastdown mode” means a special mode of operation, for example by decoupling drivetrain components from the wheels mechanically and/or electrically, enabling an accurate and repeatable road load determination and an accurate dynamometer setting. "Wind correction" means correction of the effect of wind on road load based on input of the stationary or on-board anemometry. "Worst case test vehicle" means the vehicle chosen for road load determination with the worst-case combination of road load-relevant characteristics such as mass, aerodynamic drag and rolling resistance; "Best case test vehicle" means the vehicle chosen for road load determination with the best case for at least one of the road load relevant characteristics; "Reference mass (RM)" means the unladen mass (UM) of a vehicle plus (a) 100 kg and (b) a variable mass; “Test mass high (TMH)” means the highest mass of a test vehicle for road load and emissions determination; “Test mass low (TML)” means the lowest mass of a test vehicle for road load and emissions determination; "Test mass low (TML)" means the minimum reference mass (RM) for a group of vehicles, and is set as the target test mass for the best-case test vehicle; "Unladen mass" means……. “Unladen mass” means the mass of the vehicle in running order without driver, passengers or load, the fuel tank filled to 90 per cent capacity, standard tools, fire extinguisher and spare wheel on board, where applicable, "Unladen mass" means the mass of the vehicle in running order without crew, passengers or load, but with the fuel tank full (if any), cooling liquid, service and traction batteries, oils, onboard charger, portable charger, tools and spare wheel, whatever is appropriate for the vehicle considered and if provided by the manufacturer of the vehicle; "Maximum laden mass (LM)" means…. ELECTRIFIED VEHICLES "All-electric range (AER)" in the case of OVC-HEV testing means the total distance travelled from the beginning of the charge-depleting test to the point in time during the test when the combustion engine starts to consume fuel; "All-electric range (AER)" in the case of PEV testing means the total distance travelled from the beginning of the charge-depleting test until the break-off criteria is reached; "All-electric city range (AERCity)" means …………………… "Charge-depleting actual range (Rcda)" means the distance travelled in a series of cycles in charge-depleting operation condition until the battery is depleted; "Charge-depleting cycle range (Rcdc)" means the distance from the beginning of the charge-depleting test to the end of the last cycle prior to the cycle or cycles satisfying the break-off criteria, including the transient cycle where the vehicle may have operated in both depleting and sustaining modes; "Charge-depleting cycle range (Rcdc)" means the sum of the cycle distances from the beginning of the charge-depleting test to the end of the last cycle prior to the cycle or cycles satisfying the break-off criteria. The Rcdc includes the transient cycle, where the vehicle may have operated in both depleting and sustaining modes. If the charge-depleting test possesses a transient range, the Rcdc shall include those transient cycles or cycles; "Charge-depleting (CD) operation condition" means an operating condition in which the energy stored in the electrical ReESS may fluctuate but, on average, decreases while the vehicle is driven until transition to charge-sustaining operation;
"Charge-depleting (CD) break-off criteria" is determined based on absolute or relative net energy change; "Charge-sustaining (CS) operation condition" means an operating condition in which the energy stored in the electrical ReESS may fluctuate but, on average, is maintained at a neutral charging balance level while the vehicle is driven; "Electric range" means, for vehicles powered by an electric power train only or by a hybrid electric power train with off-vehicle charging, the distance that can be driven electrically on a fully charged battery (or other electric energy storage device); "Electric range" means for vehicles powered by an electric powertrain only or by a hybrid electric powertrain with off-vehicle charging, the distance that can be driven electrically on one fully charged battery (or other electric energy storage device); “Electric machine (EM)” means an energy converter transferring electric energy into mechanical energy or vice versa; “Electric ReESS“ means a system storing electrical energy; “Electrified vehicle (EV)” means a vehicle with a powertrain containing at least one electric machine as an energy converter; OR …….. at least one non-peripheral energy converter as electric machine; “Energy converter” means the part of the powertrain converting one form of energy into a different one; “Energy storage system” means the part of the powertrain that can store chemical, electrical or mechanical energy and which can be refilled or recharged externally and/or internally; "Equivalent all-electric range (EAER)" means that portion of the total charge-depleting actual range (RCDA) attributable to the use of electricity from the battery over the charge-depleting range test; "First sustaining cycle n+1" is the cycle in a series of whole cycles in charge-depleting operating condition in which the RCB break-off criteria is detected for the first time; “Fuel cell” means an energy converter transforming chemical energy into electrical energy; "Fuel cell powertrain" means a powertrain that, for the purpose of mechanical propulsion, draws energy from an electrochemical cell that produces electricity via the non-combustion reaction of a consumable fuel, typically hydrogen, and a ReESS, if available; “Fuel cell vehicle (FCV)” means a vehicle with a powertrain containing exclusively fuel cell(s) and electric machine(s) as energy converter; "Hybrid mode" means an operation mode in which all installed fuel consuming engines and electric motors shall run when required; "Highest electric energy consuming hybrid mode" means the hybrid mode with the highest electric energy consumption of all driver-selectable hybrid modes; "Highest fuel consuming mode" means the mode with the highest fuel consumption of all driver-selectable modes; "Hybrid electric powertrain" means a powertrain that, for the purpose of mechanical propulsion, draws energy from both of the following on-vehicle sources of stored energy/power: (a) consumable fuel (b) a ReESS;
“Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV)” means a hybrid vehicle (HV) with a powertrain containing at least one electric machine as energy converter; "Hybrid vehicle (HV)" means a vehicle with at least two different energy converters and two different energy storage systems “Pure electric vehicle (PEV)” means a vehicle with a powertrain where all energy converters are electric machines and all storage systems are rechargeable storage systems (ReESS); “Pure electric vehicle (PEV)” means a vehicle with a powertrain containing exclusively electric machine(s) as energy converter and exclusively electric rechargeable energy storage system(s) (ReESS);
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