1. Nature-based tourism: an interactional model Experiential outputs of the nbt experience


Variables Measurements and Items Included



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EXCEPTION OF TOURISTS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ATMOSPHERE IN THE EXCURSION GROUP

Variables

Measurements and Items Included

Survey Version

Tourism inputs




Tourists' characteristics

Nine items (open-ended or categorical format): country, age, gender, education, past experience in nature-based tourism

Pre

Motivations

One open-ended question, “What is your primary reason for taking this Antarctica trip?

Pre

Perceived importance of trip characteristics (PITC)

Seven items (11-point Likert scale from “not important at all” to “extremely important”): guides and operator experience, vessel amenities, itinerary, operators support for conservation, educational and interpretative opportunities

Pre

Experiential outputs




Perceived Learning

Seven items (11-point Likert scale from “nothing at all” to “a huge amount”): self-reported learning about continents' origin, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, human history, human impacts, and policy

Post

Measured Learning

Eight true/false quiz questions based on Antarctic tour operators' websites: Antarctic ecological, historic, geology, and management

Pre/post

Satisfaction

Six items (11-point Likert scale from “not satisfied” to “extremely satisfied”): visitor satisfaction with interpretation and education opportunities, length of journey, activities, and excursions, itinerary, and overall service

Post


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