CHAPTER – III
RESEARCH DESIGN
OBJECTIVES
-
Creation of digital collection with Greenstone Digital Library Software
-
The creation of a web front – end for the VC Speeches to make it easily usable and accessible over a local area network.
-
The Creation of a digital library of audio documents with Greenstone Digital Library Software
-
To contribute digital library collection of Bharathidasan University Library.
SCOPE VC Speeches approach to creating digital collection outlines our objectives for providing online access to digital format of Speeches delivered during the period 2009-2010 in our collections available in Bharathidasan University Library and defines our considerations or content creation for public access.
METHODOLOGY
The researcher has taken 35 Audio Documents as sample for the project and the Speeches collected from Vice Chancellors Office, after that Speech converted in to Structured metadata format. Moreover Building Collection used GSDL Software.
The following tools are used to our study.
-
Greenstone Digital Library Software 2.80
-
Apache Web Server
-
Java
-
Image Magic
-
Optical Character Recognition and HP Scanner
GREENSTONE DIGITAL LIBRARY SOFTWARE
Greenstone is a suite of software for building and distributing digital library collections. It provides a new way of organizing information and publishing the digital contact. New Zealand Digital Library produces it on the Internet. Greenstone Project at the University of Waikato, and developed and distributed in collaboration with UNESCO and the Human Info NGO. It is open-source software under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
Special Features -
It suits both Windows and Unix (Linux Sun OS) any of these systems can be used as a web server.
-
The administration function build in it enables the items to authorize new users to build collection, protect documents so that they can only be accessed by registered users on presentation of password.
-
It builds collection with effective full-text searching and metadata-based browsing facilities. Collection containing millions of documents upto several gigabytes can be built. Full-text searching is fast because compression is used to reduce the size of the indexes and text users can browse the list of authors, titles, date, class no., etc.
-
Plug Ins can be written to accommodate new document types. The collection can contain pictures, music, audio, video clips, etc. It also supports multilingual documents.
-
Collection can be updated and new one brought online any time with out bringing down the system.
Software Requirement (for Windows)
-
Windows with IIS or Apache Web Server
-
Java 2 Runtime Environment
-
Web browser
-
Image Magic
-
GSDL 2.70
Here are two separate Windows binary programs on the CD-ROM: the Local Library and the Web Library. The default installation described above selects the Local Library version. It is strongly recommended to use this version. The Web Library, which is much harder to set up, is only necessary if you already run a web server and want to use it for Greenstone. Despite its modest name, the Local Library offers a complete, self- contained, web serving capability.
Steps for Installation of GSDL Software
The following steps are required for installation:
-
Install the Java 2 Runtime Environment (latest version).
-
After installing J2RE, go for GSDL folder choose setup gsdl 2.82.
-
The Install Shield Wizard will begin the installation of GSDL software. Click .
-
Accept all the terms of license agreement by clicking on button.
-
Choose setup Language. English (US) is the default.
-
Choose the type of installation (Web Library).
-
Set the admin password.
For the simplest installation, just accept the default at each point by clicking the Next button. That’s all you are needed to do Greenstone is installed. Once installation is completed, to start your Greenstone system click on the Start button, open the Program menu, and select Greenstone Digital Library. This brings you a dialogue box: just click Enter Library. This automatically starts your Internet browser and loads the Greenstone Digital Library home page. This can be seen in the example in Greenstone Demo collection by clicking on its icon.
CHAPTER – IV
DIGITAL COLLECTION BUILDING USING GSDL
This is an age of information explosion. Its impact on library and information centres is profound. With the growing number of e-resources, it has become imperative for information professional to redefine their role in disseminating information to the users. Institutions use modern information and communication technologies for information management and dissemination. The institutions converting their assets into digital format for creating digital collection for the last few years. VC Speech of Audio documents are new concept for collecting, managing, disseminating and preserving audio documents created in digital form. It may also include many of the digital assets generated by an institution.
Three important aspects should be kept in mind when deciding to create digital collections. First, the collection must be organized. The more content there is, the greater the need for indexes and powerful search systems. Second, the needs of end-users must be prevailed. The target groups that will use the collection should be identified, and a process of regular consultation should be set up. Third, the available budget will determine how much can be done. Here GSDL is being used to develop digital Collection of VC Speeches. The GSDL creates a structured digital library including a very powerful search and retrieval engine.
Figure 1 http://172.16.1.80/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.exe
Building Collection
There are essentially three different ways of building collections:
-
The librarian interface
-
The Collector
-
Building from the command line
Greenstone Librarian Interface
The following steps are involved in creation of digital collection.
1. Creation of New collection
Launch the librarian interface under Windows by selecting Greenstone Digital Library from the Programs section of the Start menu and then choose Librarians Interface.
Figure 2 Librarian Interface
2. Select New from the File menu in the horizontal menu bar at the top of the window. It needed several fields to fill out for your collection, and then the following screen will appear.
Figure 3 Create New Collection
Selection Metadata
3. Software provides different types of metadata on the screen as shown in figure 4. We can select the International standard metadata.
Figure 4 Selection of Metadata
Gathering
4). Add some of your own documents that are not in the Demo or DLS collections. Close the Greenstone Collections folder in the left-hand panel and double-click the Local Filespace folder. Navigate to a directory that contains some documents i.e. Word or HTML or other files. Drag a few of these into the right-hand panel to include them in your collection.
Enrich
5). Having gathered several files into the collection, now enrich them with additional information called ‘metadata’. This section explains how metadata is created, edited, assigned and retrieved, and how to use external metadata sources.
Figure 6 Enriching the Collection
Design
6). Once the files are marked up with metadata, you next decide to make it visible to the users as greenstone collection.
Figure 7 Designing
What kind of information is searchable? What ways are provided to browse through the documents? What languages are supported? Where do the buttons appear on the page? These things can be customized.
Create
7). Click the Create tab to leave the Design mode and create your new collection. Click the Build Collection button at the bottom. While the computer is building the collection you will receive some feedback on what it is going on.
Figure 8 Creating Collection
8). When it has finished, click the Preview tab to view the collection from the librarian interface.
Figure 9 Collection preview
You will also find when you visit your Greenstone home page that the collection has been installed as one of the regular collections.
Figure 10 List of VC Collection
Figure 12 Listening VC Speech
The Collector
Finally, an alternative way of building collection is provided by the Collector, which helps you to create new collection, modify or add to existing ones, or delete collections. It predates the librarian interface, and for the most practical purposes, the librarian interface should be used instead of the Collector.
Developing Tamil Interface for Tamil Collection
Greenstone has two separate interactive interfaces, the Reader interface and the Librarian interface. End users access the digital library through the Reader interface, which operates within a web browser. The Librarian interface is a Java-based graphical user interface (also available as an applet) that makes it easy to gather material for a collection (downloading it from the web where necessary), enrich it by adding metadata, design the searching and browsing facilities that the collection will offer the user, and build and serve the collection.
How to develop the Tamil Interface Through this dissertation, an attempt to develop a Tamil Interface for end users is done. The methodology of development is as follows: The main configuration file of Greenstone (etc/main.cfg) is to be edited and the line “Language shortname=ta longname=Tamil default_encoding=utf-8” should be added with the other language lines and "Tamil.dm" is to be added at the end of the list of macrofiles. A file with name Tamil.dm is to be created in macro folder. It should be encoded in Unicode Type Font -8 (UTF-8). Using a Unicode complaint text editor in Tamil, the contents of English macrofile is translated to Tamil. There are many text editors available in different languages, which is complaint Unicode. In this work, Baraha Unicode editor was used. After opening the reader interface in the web browser, the language should be set as Tamil. Then readers can use the Tamil interface.
The browser settings also should be set accordingly to display Unicode fonts. Most of the web browsers like Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Netscape Navigator, Safari, etc allow viewing contents of a webpage in different type of encodings. For displaying the multilingual content in the digital library, it should be in Unicode encoded form.
The most important problem in developing regional language interface for software is the unavailability of equivalent words that of English. Words like homepage, default, etc. are strange to a vernacular language like Tamil. Another limitation is the unavailability of a standard Tamil keyboard for computer. It is laborious and difficult to type in Tamil. So all the pages and words are not translated into Tamil.
The operating system and web browser should support regional languages, at least in Unicode, to render the Tamil fonts in the browser. Otherwise the whole task will go futile.
Screenshots of Tamil interface of Greenstone
Screenshots of some of the pages of Tamil interface of GSDL are given.
Homepage of Collections in Greenstone
The above figure shows the homepage of collections present in the digital library made with Greenstone.
About page of Greenstone demo collection
Above Figure shows the “About” page of Greenstone demo collection. Its interface is 80% translated into Tamil except the description of collection. The description cannot be changed into Tamil as it was already entered in English by default. This page also describes how to retrieve information from the digital library. The small yellow box is the mouse hover effect, which also displays Tamil content.
Below Figure shows the subject wise alphabetical listing of documents in Greenstone demo collection. (Here it is in English, as all the files are in English). But the menu and other listings are translated into Tamil.
Subject wise alphabetical listing of documents in Greenstone demo collection
Presentation Preference Page of Tamil Collection
Figure shows the “Presentation Preference” page of Tamil collection. Usually the “Presentation Preference” page is used to set the display options of the digital collections. This page is exclusively translated in to Tamil.
Preference Search page of Greenstone Demo Collection
Preference Search page is also exclusively translated into Tamil, including the options in “Query style”, as it seen in the figure. As it seen in the screenshot the “Case Differences” option is not translated, as there is no concept of case difference in Indian languages like Tamil.
CHAPTER – V
FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION
The very purpose of the project undertaken is to provide access to the speeches delivered by our University Vice – Chancellor’s Dr. M. Ponnavaikko on various academic programs and government function.
Speeches of the Vice – Chancellor’s are recorded by the researcher on personal visits to the various functions by using Philips ipod. The recorded speeches are immediately stored in the system as WAV files.
The stored WAV files (Audio files) where listened by using Lenovo Sound Bar. The Audio files where listened repeatedly though windows media player for clear editing.
The complete speech has been reported as a text in word format. This enable the researcher to upload the text file along with audio files in the repository. 45 Audio files can be accessed through the repository on the various occasions.
This kind of digital repositories enable the libraries to provide quality enhanced information services that can be delivered via web at 24 x 7. GSDLis open source and easy to use digital content helps to digitize small and medium library collection with appropriate metadata.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
-
Larry Wentzel (2006). “Scanning for Digitization Projects”. Library Hi Tech News. Vol .23.No. 4 pp. 11-13.
-
Laurie Lopatin (2006). “Library digitization projects, issues and guidelines: A survey of the literature”. Library Hi Tech. Vol. 24 No. 2 pp 273-289.
-
Ian Rowlands and David Bawden (1999). “Building the digital library on solid research foundations”. Aslib Proceedings. Vol. 5 No . 8 pp 275-282.
-
Frank Cervone (2004). “How not to run a digital library project”. OCLC Systems & Services. Vol . 20 No. 4 pp 162-166.
-
Alan Dawson (2006). “Revising digital library content in response to user requests”. Library Review. Vol . 55 No . 9 pp 549-555.
-
Ian H. Witten, David Bainbridge and Stefan J. Boddie (2001). “Greenstone: open-source digital library software with end-user collection building”. Online Information Review.Vol. . 25 pp 288-298.
-
Ian H. Witten, Michel Loots, Maria F. Trujillo and David Bainbridge (2002). “The promise of digital libraries in developing countries”. The Electronic Library.Vol . 20 No . 1 pp 7-13.
-
Marcia A. Mardis and Ellen S. Hoffman (2006). “Educational Digital Libraries: Platforms for Innovation and Equity”. Advances in Education and Administration. Vol . 8:163-180.
-
https://drtc.isibang.ac.in/bitstream/handle/1849/387/p75_ashalatha_ISRO.pdf?sequence=1
-
https://drtc.isibang.ac.in/bitstream/handle/1849/203/Das_Sen_Dutta_TDIL_05.pdf?sequence=1
-
https://drtc.isibang.ac.in/bitstream/handle/1849/10/A_dlipap.pdf?sequence=2
-
http://www.greenstone.org
-
http://www.inflibnet.ac.in/caliber2009/CaliberPDF/21.pdf
-
http://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/portal/organisation/cooperation/archive/edlproject/index.php
-
http://project.wdl.org/project/english/index.html
-
http://www.alexandria.ucsb.edu/
-
http://dspace.mit.edu/
-
http://www.dli.ernet.in/
-
http://www.tkdl.res.in/tkdl/langdefault/common/home.asp?GL=Eng
-
http://ardb4.ncsi.iisc.ernet.in/oai/index.php/search
-
http://www.nalanda.nitc.ac.in/index.html
-
http://greenstonesupport.iimk.ac.in/
Dostları ilə paylaş: |
