“A large-scale distributedcomputing paradigm that is driven by economies of scale, in which a pool of abstracted, virtualized, dynamically-scalable, managed computing power, storage, platforms, and services are delivered on demand to external customers over the Internet” (Foster at al.)
“A large-scale distributed computing paradigm that is driven by economies of scale, in which a pool of abstracted, virtualized, dynamically-scalable, managed computing power, storage, platforms, and services are delivered on demand to external customers over the Internet” (Foster at al.)
People to People (P2P): Facebook on your cell phone
People to Object (P2O): IoT platforms
Geopositioned Services: App Store
Do-IoT-Yourself: Arduino / Raspberry Pi / Beaglebone - Fab Lab ?
…
The « Internet of Things (IoT) is […] a dynamic global network infrastructure with self configuring capabilities based on standard and interoperable communication protocols where physical and virtual ‘things’ have identities, physical attributes, and virtual personalities and use intelligent interfaces, and are seamlessly integrated into the information network.
The « Internet of Things (IoT) is […] a dynamic global network infrastructure with self configuring capabilities based on standard and interoperable communication protocols where physical and virtual ‘things’ have identities, physical attributes, and virtual personalities and use intelligent interfaces, and are seamlessly integrated into the information network.
In the IoT, ‘things’ are expected to become active participants in business, information and social processes where they are enabled to interact and communicate among themselves and with the environment by exchanging data and information ‘sensed’ about the environment, while reacting autonomously to the ‘real/physical world’s events » (CERP-IoT)
IoT platforms yet exist: xively (ex-cosm, ex-pachube), sen.se, etc.
IoT platforms yet exist: xively (ex-cosm, ex-pachube), sen.se, etc.
Machine To Machine (M2M) / Object To Object (O2O)
the never lasting intelligent fridge ?
smart maintenance
« Intelligent » sensors networks
smart factory
ITS and Smart car
…
What place for humans?
Key words
Key words
Identity / Personality
Autonomy
Interaction / Environment
Communication / Global Network
A philosophical approach: Spimes (Bruce Sterling, 2004)?
A promise with no future? A nightmare? A dream? The true future?
Recipe: pour sensors/actuators, add some monitoring and control systems, add some analytics and “intelligence”, if you like add the user, mix all together: you get a CPS
Recipe: pour sensors/actuators, add some monitoring and control systems, add some analytics and “intelligence”, if you like add the user, mix all together: you get a CPS
Ancestors: embedded systems
New dimension: notion of network sensor network/IoT
Large scale
Applications: Industry 4.0, sensor networks, critical systems (e.g., air traffic)
Large bandwidth communications
Large bandwidth communications
Optical fiber
3G, 4G, 4G+, WiMax
WiFi Direct
Low power local communications
NFC
Zigbee, Bluetooth…
« Universal » identification
RFID - Electronic Product Code (EPC) – EPCGlobalNetwork –
Super-clusters/clouds (Microsft = 1 million of servers (July’13) ; Amazon 1.5-2 millions? Google 2+ millions? Soon 10 millions?)
Super storage
Key: ~GB
Disk: ~TB
Data Center: ~PB
Micro-Nano technologies
Sensors – Sensor networks
“Things”
Convergence digital camera – telephone – laptop → smartphone
Services – SOA
Services – SOA
Object Service / Service Object
(Everything as a Service)
Social networks
E-Services
Mobility (M-services)
“All digital, any where, any time” Era
« The most profound technologies are those that disappear. They weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life until they are indistinguishable from it »
« The most profound technologies are those that disappear. They weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life until they are indistinguishable from it »
[The objective of pervasive computing is to ] “ … make a computer so imbedded, so fitting, so natural, that we use it without even thinking about it.”
“Ubiquitous (pervasive) computing is roughly the opposite of virtual reality. Where virtual reality puts people inside a computer-generated world, ubiquitous computing forces the computer to live out here in the world with people.”
« A new way of thinking about computers in the world, one that takes into account the natural human environment and allows the computers themselves to vanish in the background »
Mark Weiser, Xerox PARC, 1991-
[M. Satyanarayanan, 2001]
[M. Satyanarayanan, 2001]
Pervasive computing environment = « one saturated with computing and communication capability, yet so gracefully integrated with users that it becomes ‘a technology that disappears’ »
So:
“Smart” spaces
“Invisibility” and transparency
Scalability
The « object-subject » is actor (a first-class citizen) of the “system” / of the Future
The « object-subject » is actor (a first-class citizen) of the “system” / of the Future
smart objects / smart everything
active objects
“the” cloud
« Intelligence » is, at first, the « network » i.e., the ability to exchange information / communicate
« Intelligence », is also the ability to self-adapt to the user profile and the context (« context awareness »), “to weave” into the environment
« Ego » is part of the context
« Intelligence », finally, is the ability to organize:
autonomously (autonomic computing, self healing…)
spontaneously
Multi-Scale Ubiquitous Ego-Centric Digital Ecosystem
User-Centric Cloud-IoT
An incredible change!
An incredible change!
A digital world (and digital life)
An (almost) unlimited power of processing, storage, communication
Unlimited opportunities of new applications
But a coined in the 60’s client-server way of thinking!
