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De mensa Ric. Trygge capelli . xls.
De mensa Wil. Thornb. capell. . . xl*.

s. d.
DE PERQUISITIS.


P. Stipite beate Marie l et Sci Henr'.
apud Capellam . . .016
P. Sigistio 2 . . . 1 13 4
P. agistiamento estimale . . 140
P. agistiamento yemali . . 2 14
P. supexcr' offic' Subceller' . .727
P. supexcr'. offic' Cellar' . . 2 15 2
P. mensa Vicarii 3 . . 2 13 4
P. eodem pro pane et vino . .168
P. eodem pro ortis et vacc' . . 1 10

1 Here is a very curious fact; to account for which let it be observed that, in the Compotm of 1478, this article

stands pro Stip. See. Marie, and in that of 1521, p. Stip. Sc. Mar. et Sci. Hen. ap. Capellam. How is this difference to be

accounted for? 1st. These were offerings, in the former account at the high altar, which was then the altar of the

Virgin Mary; but we have already seen that in Abbot Paslew's time a Lady Chapel was erected contiguous to the

Abbey Church, so that our Lady in this interval had changed her lodgings, and was become St. Maria apud Capellam.

So far all is clear ; but who is St. Henry, who had the high honour of being associated with the Virgin in her own chapel ?

The name, as far as I know, is not to be found in the Homish calendar. On this subject, therefore, I can only hazard

a conjecture, of which those who are -better skilled in the rituals of that Church than myself will judge for themselves.

King Henry VI, as we have before observed, at the dissolution of the adjoining hermitage, converted that foundation

into a chantry of two priests to sing for his good estate while living and for the soul of Henry Duke of Lancaster,

the founder, and to celebrate his own obit yearly with 30 chaplains. I have also conjectured that this appointment,

though it would be overlooked in the reigns of the line of York, would probably be remembered rind put in execution

after the accession of Henry VII. Accordingly we find no mention of it in 1478, which is the 18th of Edw. IV.; but,

at a period subsequent to the restoration of the Lancastrian house, here is actually a Stipes S'cti Ilenrici, whatever may

be the meaning of the words. The only conjecture, therefore, which I can offer is this, that, though Henry VI. was

never regularly canonized, yet the monks of Whalley, who were zealous partizans of his house, and probably also

great admirers of his virtues, disappointed by the reserve or by the rapacity of Julius II. ventured upon an net of private

and voluntary beatification, and erected a St. Henry for themselves. Were the name of Henry to be found in the canon,

my conjecture of course would fall to the ground; but, as that is not the case, the pious and royal patron of Whalley

has the fairest claim upon this hitherto unappropriated honour. Since the foregoing remarks were written I have

the satisfaction of finding my conjecture established by the following proofs: Henry VI. was actually adored at

Windsor by the name of Holy King Henry. (Stowe's Ann. p. 424.) There is also a prayer addressed to Henry VI. in

the " Horo; B. V. M. in usum Sarum," printed by Wynkyn de Worde, A.D. 1502. See Gough's Sepulchral Monuments,

vol. ii. p. 235, [and the Trevelyan Papers (Camden Society), Part. I. p. 53, Part III. p. 2.] And this is now reduced to

a certainty, for, in the Compotus of 1510, the article stands thus, Pro Stip. Reyis Hcnr. [as added by Dr. Whitaker

in Third Edition, p. 552. The subject has been before introduced in p. 103].
2 Sigisterio, Sigistio. I once conjectured that the first word, of which the reading is very clear in the original

roll, was a contraction of Sigillistcrio, as the sealings in colleges at present afford a considerable emolument to the

senior fellows. But, as these must necessarily vary, according to the number of leases sealed, and the sum charged in

these two distant years is exactly the same, I must leave the word to future inquiry and better information.


3 In the charge for the vicar's table, who appears to have lived a sort of fellow-commoner in the house, it is

remarkable that the sum is diminished in the latter account. He probably sat at the monks' table, and the two

chaplains, who possibly served the north and south altars in the parish-church, were in lower commons with the

novices.


120

HISTORY OF WHALLEY.

[BOOK II. CHAP. II.


De Tannaria ' iijZ. vjs. vlijd.


De Pellibus bourn et vaccarum . . ivl. xiijs.
De Corticibus arboruin . . . vjs. viijf/.
De Amerciam. curie . . . xiijs. ivd.
De terris R. Cundclyffe, vidz. Brodmede et
Grenehey .... xls.
De Duscroftes ? 2 . . . . xijs.
De servitio ux. Rob. Wode . . vjs. viijd!.
De ter. nob. dimiss. per Jac. Marshall . iij7. vijs.

De mensa Ric. Caterall ... Is.


De off. Bail. Wapent. 3 . . . xls.

Sum. .


S. tot. Rec.

. xxxix/. xixs. ijrf.

DCxxxvij7. xjs. jd.

[This title, consisting principally of prescriptive pay-

ments, is very nearly the same in both accounts,

excepting a few verbal differences.]


S. tot.

viij/. xv*. ob.

P. Tannaria 1 ....


P. pellibus bovum et vaccu
P. Corticibus arboruin
P. Amerciamentis curie
P. Orto Stabuli
P. Ryddis vendit' apud Wyllaton *
P. Nova Clausura apud Romesgreave .
P. Terris Robti Cundclyf per forisfacc'

s. d.


368
4 10
050
13
5
168
400
048

4
Sum. 5 totatt

Sum. totatl recept'

34 11 9
908 2 9


EXPEN' DE FIRMIS EXTERIORIBDS.


Dno Regi pro Edisforth . .030
Eidem pro Snodworth . .003
Eidem pro Standen . . .368
Eidem pro Baldwynhyll . .103
Eidem pro Whitworth . . 12 8
Eidem pro Mawnton . . .060
Eidem pro Brunley . . . 2
Dno do Eland . . . 14 1
Dno de Barton . . 11
Dno de Worsley . . 7 11
Heredibus Christopher' Holt . .030
Monialibus de Hampull . . 12
Monialibus Cestrie . . 10
Abbati de Cestrie . . .090

Castello de Liverpull pro Sectis et Wardis 11


Sum

8 7

1 De Tannaria. The later of these accounts, it must be recollected, was before the statute 21 Henry VIII. [1529]

which forbad priests, whether secular or regular, to engage in such base employments. Of these monkish tanneries it is

observed by the witty Dr. Fuller that, " though the monks themselves were too fine-nosed to dabble in tan-fatts, yet

they kept others (bred in that trade) to follow their work. These covents having barke of their own woods, hides of

the cattle of their own breeding and killing, and, which was the main, a large stock of money to buy at the best

hand, and to allow such chapmen they sold to a long day of payment, easily eat out such who were bred up in that

vocation." Church History: History of Abbeys, p. 282.


2 What place is meant by Duscroftes I know not, but it is pretty evidently the reading in the original roll.
' This was their share of the profit arising from the bailiwick of Blackburnshire, of which they held one fourth part;

the Townleys of Townley two, one for Townley and another for De la Leigh ; and the Banastres of Altham the fourth.

4 Rydds. The word may possibly mean riddings or refuse wood grubbed up in ridding or clearing an estate.

8 On the whole it appears from the former account that the expenses of the house considerably exceeded their


BOOK II. CHAP. II.]


THE ABBEY.


121

IN DON1S. 1

Quat. ord. fratrum

Ministrallis

Thomse Dno Stanley '

Jacobo Harynton Mil.

Job. Savage Mil. .

Tho. Pylkynton Mil.

Robt. Sherborne, jun.

Robt. Sherborne, sen.

John Talbot

Hug. Radcliffe

Robt. Ambrose

Wm. Ambrose

Tristram Legh

Henrico Worsley .

Duobus Grenerosis .

Petro Smyth
Scholar! vers. Cockersand

Filial W. Heton .

Filice R. Holand .

Thomas Leds


IN DONIS. 1


ivs. Quatuor ordinibus frm
xxxvjs. vijd. Ministrallis 1 .
vj/. xiijs. ivd. Dno de Mowntegylle ]
xls. Mro Meniey .
. xiijs. ivd. Hugoni Shereburne armig'
xlvs. Johanni Talbott armig'
xxs. Mro Snede
vjs. viijd. Mro Rokesbe .
xxs. Thome Strawe
. xiijs. ivd. Mro Feirfax .
. xiijs. ivd. Willielmo Brother
. xiijs. ivd. Math. Standysh . .
. xiijs. ivd. Thome Grymysdych .
xiijs. Laur' Starke .
ij.9. Alexandra Ryshton
xijV/. Ursariis l
viijd. Fannilo Epi Sodor'
. ijs. ivd. Famulo Dni Regis
ijd. Quibusdam ffibus cum aliis
vjd. Wittmo Shyreburn cum aliis .

a. d.


040
240

200


2 13 4

100


100

100


13 4

6 8


100

040


13 4

068


10

034


10

020


068

034


044

income, in the latter the reverse ; and the reason is obvious, that, with an increase, chiefly in the spiritualities, to the

amount of nearly one third of their annual receipts, the price of die necessaries of life, in some instances at least, appears

to have diminished. But of this more hereafter.


1 Of the three articles which stand at the head of this title, DC Donis, it would, perhaps, be harsh to observe, that

the smallest is for charity, the next for pleasure, and the largest for ambition. The four orders of begging friars have a

small and stated contribution of 4s. ; the minstrels from II. ICs. 7il. to 21. 4s.; and the Lord Stanley 6/. 13s. 4(7. From

the amount of the sum paid to the minstrels, more considerable than to the organist of the church, and larger, by nearly

one half, than the Earl of Northumberland paid to his " minstraills that be daily in his household " (Northumber-

land Household Book), it should seem that they were a part of the regular establishment of the Abbey ; that these

fathers could relish the heroic romance or the. pastoral ballad, and that the refectory of Whalley often resounded with

the rude but affecting minstrelsy of the times. Yet these men were bitterly inveighed against by the severer orders;

and it was even an established rule in some monasteries, that no minstrel should ever enter their gates. Dr. Percy's

Essay on the Minstrels, Notes, xliii.


With respect to the pensions paid to the Lords Stanley and Monteagle, it might be prudent, in times of difficulty

and danger, to secure the interest of a great man at Court, even at a high rate; but these were days of perfect tran-

quillity; and for what service performed, or expected, or from what consideration but mere complaisance, the inferior

gentry of the country were thus pensioned, it is not easy to conceive. On the whole, there appears some ground for

Piers Plowman's complaint against the religious houses :
an& of tfiem j)< fmbetfi not th>8 tafce, an& gcberl) firm ?>' fwbctfj,

an& rlrrftrs atrti ftngjfjtes atul roimmnirrs IJat tie rscfie.


Fol. Ixxxii.

Utp,f)t BO pe rgrfie, se robe (not robte) tflat ben rsrfie,


xlnit f)rl)))_>tf) tfirm jj' firlprt!) roue, an!) ijrbrlfi tfir 1 ' no urtr is.
Ursariis 10s. Another symptom of the progressive decay of discipline is the article before us, which proves that

an amusement more boisterous and less elegant than the former was encouraged by the monks in the later period.

VOL. I. E,

122

HISTOKY OF WHALLEY.

[BOOK II. CHAP. II.


Famulis Abbat. cle Cumbermere l .


Bob. Boiling ...
Kad. Walmsley . . .
Here the parchment is decayed.

Ric. Herys medico equorum .


Famulo Rectoris de Halsall l

Famulo abb. do Kirkstnll l . .


R. Boiling Legisperito . .
Ballivo Dni Regis .

Famulo Dni do Balderston .

Jac. Lawc .

Peregrinantibua Jcrtam 3 .


Official! Dni Arch. Cost. .
Registro ejusdem . . . .
Summon! tori ejusdem
Doctori Dublinie . . . .
Monacho do Waverley
Suffraganeo Cestriiu
Radulpho Coke Heremita? .
Duob. fratrib. de Preston .
Joh. Lawc Legisperit.
Heli;c Worsley 3 .
Cuidam Capellano pretend, jus ad domum
nostrum gra. till. 7

Coco Tlio. Dni Stanley

Famulo ejusdem . . . .
N. Skythornc Cap. gr. tituli

Jac. Cowpe Cap. . . . .


Sm. .

xxd.

viijrf.
viij<7.
x<7.
xxcZ.
ij-
ivrf.
xiv<7.

xvj<7.
vjs. viij
iij-s. ivr/.
xijvj.?. viij

vjs.

ijs.

viijt/.
ijs.


xxc/.
xxxvj


viijV.
xxc?.
xijcZ.

Famulo Regis per vices

Doctori de Lancastr' 2

Rofeto Swannesey

Monacho de Tinterne cum aliis

Hug. Chernok .


Hen. Felden .

Chancellar' Lancastr'

Chancellar Ep'i

Mfo Martyn .

MfoClyff

Famulo eorundem

Monachis cle Wallia

Monachis do Fontibus .

Cuidam presbytero cum cetero

Will'mo Waller, cum aliis

QtuBstoribus .

Pauperibus per annum

Forestariis 4

Baillivo de Wirall

Will'mo Whythove .

Offic' Cestrie .

Registro ejusdem

Summonitori ejusdem .

Ric'o Bankc .

Capellano apud Wytwell G


Sum".
8


s. d.


070
034

068
4


2
1

034
10

068

034


068

020


020

018


020

034


200
1 10

01


01
10

034


004

068


10

8


23 19 4

1 A constant intercourse appears to have been kept up between tlie two houses of Curabermere and Whalley, the

latter of which had sent three abbots to the former. The abbot of Cumbermere, it seems, travelled with two servants,

and his brother of Kirkstall with one only. The vails paid to the servants of an abbot were ten pence, to those of a

secular clergyman eight pence, and to those of a lay gentleman four pence : a true scale of the estimation in which

they were severally held.


2 A physician's fee from Lancaster, at least 27 miles, was three shillings and four pence.
3 Peregrinantibus Jerusalem, vide supra.
* Perhaps the abbot had a general warrant for venison out of the forests from the Crown. It is not said Forestario

de Bowland, but Forestariis, which amounts nearly to a proof that the deer of the other chases were not destroyed in 1521.


8 The name of the second abbot. This shows how long a Christian name which has once been borne by a

distinguished personage is generally kept in families.


6 Capellano apud Whytewell. As this article is not found in the former computus it amounts nearly to a proof

that this chapel was founded in the interval between the dates of the two.


7 It appears that the monks were accustomed to grant titles for holy orders to young men not professed, but who,

BOOK II. CHAP. II]


THE ABBEY.


123

Thus the bounty of the house diminished as its resources increased : a very natural

and frequent process.


IN ITERANTIBUS.


. vijs. ixd.

ijs.
xxijd.
; vjs. viijd
xxxivs. vxxrf.
. ijs. viijc/.

. iij.s. ivd.

. xxxvj.s.

ivs. \jd.

xvjJ.

Georgio

Robto Shotyhvorth et al. usque Horneby
Jake Forster usque Horneby
Wm. Cowpere usque Halsall et alibi
Win. Henthorne usque Cestr.
Wm. Henthorne usque Lane, et alibi
Abbat. usque Coldcotes et Wiswall .
Cuidam de nris usque Preston
Nich. Dewhurst usque Cumbermere
Rob. Full usque London . .
Abbat. in obit. R. Sherburne 1
Wm. Cowpere usque Heton et Rachdall
Famulis nris laborantibus in officio ballivi .
Miloni Cokkeshut usque Staynings per vices
Famul. nost. usque Lane, cuni
Stanley 3
Geo. Forster usque Ebor. . . . viij,. ivM'och. usque Ord. 3 . . . vjs. viijMilo Bradford usque Wycho . . . xijV.
Jacobo Dugdale usque Lychfield pro R.
Townley 4 ..

Nic. Forest usque Stanlaw .

Abbati usque Blackborne .

Eidem usque Forestam .

Nico Chatburne usque Preston

Rico Clyfton usque Staynings

Rob. Hyndley usque Holowaye

Nic. Chatburne usque Ebor. bis

It. eidem usque Tutbury .

IN ITINEIIANTIBUS.


Domino Afebi versus Borough
Eidem versus Boltoii .
Eidem versus Dorham
Eidem versus Cambermer' et Stanlawe
Eidem versus Rypoii .
Christophcro Smyth versus Acton
Eidem versus Chester .
Laurentio Forest versus Lancastr' bis .
Eidem per vices
Lionell Full vers. London ter .
Eidem per vices
Rico Crombok versus Hull
Eidem versus Oxforth per vices
Eidem per vices
Petro Deyn versus Manchester'

xvj<7.
xij
ijs.
ijs.
ivd.
viijc?.
x(/.

vs.


xx.s.

8.
1 15

d.

10
1 10


5 10
1
13

4

12


1 6
12
4 7

8

10


1
1
13
2

receiving trifling pensions, were considered as dependents and beneficiaries of the house. In a very exact account of the

Chadwicks of Heley drawn up by the late John Chadwick, Esq. I find an example of this practice, for by letters

testimonial bearing date Nov. 20th, 1523, the abbot and convent of Whalley commended their beloved in Christ, James

Chadwick (who does not seem to have been a monk) to Geoffry Bishop of Lichfield to be received into the order of

priesthood. MS. penes Joh. Chadwick, Arm.


1 I suppose the abbot to have attended the obit of one of the Sherburnes at Mitton, or more probably at the Grey

Friars in Preston, for " there lay," saith Leland, "divers of the Shirburns gentilmen." Lei. Itinerary, iv. 21, f. 38.


2 They had been entrusted with the care of George Stanley [eldest] son of the [second] Lord Stanley, then a boy,

[he was summoned to Parliament 15th Nov. 1482, jure uxoris. Nicolas, Syii. of the Peerage.'] and had sent a servant

with him to Lancaster. Qu. Whether this young nobleman received a part of his education at Whalley ?
3 Two monks were ordained this year. The difference of the sums may be accounted for from the different

distances they might have to travel.


4 Eichard Townley of Townley, Esq. Probably to procure a dispensation or on some business with the

ecclesiastical court.


124

HISTORY OF WHALLEY.

[BOOK II. CHAP. II.


Bob. Hyndley usque Holeway vjrf.


M'ocho nro usque Ord . xxviijs. viijrf.
Dno. Abbati usque Stanlaw- ivl. xs. ijd.
Eid. per vices usque Wiswall . . iijs. ivd.

Christopher Cowpere per vie. usque Preston xvjd.


Laur. Radcliffe usque Clyderhow . . viijW.
Nic. Thorniber usque Fylde . xije/.
Wm. Strynger usque Bradford . xijrf.
Nic. Forest de Stanl. usque Whall. . . iijs. ijd.
Joli. Kypas et Wm. Henthorne usque
Latham . . iijs- ijd-
Rob. Hyndlay usque Brunley . iijd.

Thoime ..... xij(Z.


S.

I. vijs. vjf/.

Sum

. 21 1 4

From this table we shall he enahled to draw some conclusions with respect to the

comparative hahits of the two abhots Holdeii and Paslew, by no means to the advantage of

the latter. In the year before us Holden made only one journey, and that on the neces-

sary business of the house, to Stanlaw ; for the short excursions to Bowland, Blackburn,

Wiswall, &c. were only morning rides. But Paslew was perpetually abroad, at Borough

(qu. Brough, in Westmerland ?), at Bolton, at Durham (spelt Dorham, the genuine dialect

of TVhalley), at Cumbermere, Stanlaw, and B-ipon. His bounty was considerably less, but

his personal expenses were double those of his predecessor. His monks also were more

confined. Travelling was, to these prisoners for life, the greatest of all indulgences ; yet

only five monks were permitted to make any excursions in 1521 : in 1478 there were 31 ;

whether it were that at the former period there was more business or greater lenity.


The sums allowed for travelling would amount to about 1*. per day. The abbot may

be conjectured to have travelled, on an average, with four servants. The prior, Christopher

Smith, appears to have been attended by one, and the ordinary monks to have journeyed

alone, but all on horseback.

IX VARIIS EXPEN.

IN VAE1IS EXPEN.


Dno abbati pro habitu 1

Conventui pro habitu 2

Provisori Conventus 3


vl.


xxxixJ.
xliW. xijs. iijZ.

Dno Arjfei pro habitu >

Conventui pro habitu *

Provisori Conventus 3 .


s. d.


500
47

71 16

1 The ordinary habit of a Cistertian abbot was the canonical gown and scapulary of white cloth, but probably of

much finer materials than that of the monks.


2 If we allow forty shillings for the habit of each monk, the number will in one instance a little exceed, and in the

other fall short, of twenty.


3 Every necessary of housekeeping seems to be included in other articles. I do not, therefore, understand what

was the nature of this heavy charge.

BOOK II. CHAP. II.]

THE ABBEY.


125


Pro vino rubr. 1 . .
Pro vino dulci .
Pro vino per vices
Pro cera
Pro filo albo
Pro filo nigro
Pro pan. lin. et canna
Pro panno lanse
Clericis in Ccena Domini .
Pauperibus in Crcna Domini
Pro sclatston
Pro clavis equorum
Pro resina
Pro ferro Hispanico
Pro ferro Anglicano
Pro stanno
Pro terebris
Pro Sharj. .
Pro secur. et astris .
Pro panno profess. 4
Pro panno imp. profess. 4
Eisclem pro scapular, et tunicis
Pro sect, in cur. Christian.
Pro sect, apud Lane.
Pro mere, curia; de Gysborne
Pro pore. empt. ad Staurum
Pro sport. .
Pro equo empt.
Pro equo empt.
Pro equo empt. scholar!
Pro equo empt.

xxixZ. ivs. iijd.


Ixiijs. ivc?.
xxxviijs. vijd.
xxxvijs. ivd.
. viijs. ivd.
. ivs. xjd.
iijl. xviijfZ.
'. xls. ijd.
vs.

ixs.
X,5. XV(/.


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