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NEWCHURCH IN PENDLE. Towards the end of Henry VIII. 's reign a chapel was erected here by the inhabitants the five booths of Gouldshaw, Bareley, Whitley, Roughlee, and Ouldlawnde, of which the sentence of consecration by John Bird, the first Bishop of Chester, bears date Oct. 1, 1544, dedicating it to St. Mary, and decreeing, "That all y e fruits, oblations, and preventions of the saide chappel should go to y 6 support of a fit chaplaine for celebratyng divine service, and for repayring y e saide chappel, without contradiction or reclamation of the vicar of Whalley, and saving the rights of the rectory." Townley MSS. 4, 2. 1
quacunque cura et regimine in the district belonging to this chapel. lie prohibited also the curate of the Castle Chapel at Clitheroe from officiating here. MS. Marginal note by Dr. Whitaker.} The chapel has been recently rebuilt, but the original tower remains. 2 1 Besides these booths, which constitute the chapelry of New Church, some parts of the forest to the west, as Heyhouses, are within the chapelry of Padiham ; and some to the east, as Barrowford, within that of Colne. But Keedly Hallowes, Filly Close, New Laund, and Wheatly Carr, together with Ightenhill Park, having been allotted to no chapelry, are considered as still belonging to the Castle Parish : in consequence of which, their inhabitants marry at Clitheroe. 2 [The lower portion of the tower is the only part of the Chapel that has any claim to antiquity. The nave was entirely rebuilt in 1740. The plan consists of nave, north aisle, tower, and small vestry. The north aisle is separated from the nave by a range of six arches supported on classical pillars. There are galleries to north side and west end, the latter containing a small organ. The tower (which has been almost entirely rebuilt within living memory) is square and low, with simple window openings and embattled parapet. It contains one bell. In its walls are inserted two stones, bearing the dates 1G53 and 1712. To the nave has been added a massive stone porch of classic design with bold rusticated masonry. The church was repewed in 1855, when the battlement on the tower was renewed. There are no monuments worth mentioning. Earliest tombstone 1651. W. A. W.]
for the handle. This is inserted as the only remain of British art, in stone, ever discovered within the parish. (From Addenda to Third edition, p. 522.)
300 HISTORY OF WHALLEY. [BOOK III. CHAP. IV. HEYHOUSES. The first village which arose in Pendle was Heyhouses, of whose origin the following account is given. There was, it seems, a portion of the forest upon which the freeholders and customary tenants of the eight following towns, viz. Merley, Penhulton, Wiswall, Bead, Simonstone, Padiham, Downham, and "Worston, claimed right of common. There was also a laudable custom for commissioners of the Crown to make periodical circuits over the royal demesnes to inquire into encroachments and other abuses. In the 29th Hen. VI. I find that Rauf (Holden) Abbot of Whalley, with the charterers and customers of these towns, held a meeting at Pendle Cross, where they entered into several resolutions in most barbarous old English, of which the following is the substance : " That their entertayning lies from Croybrig to Cleg yate and so to Padiham towne end," &c. Next follow several resolutions to abate encroachments, and afterwards the same persons preferred a bill before the Commissioners of Edward IV. against " Hie. Radclyffe sqyer for makeyng a town upon a tenement called y e Heyhouses where he had no right without the Kynges staff." This might be wrong, but the commissioners probably thought, " Quod fieri non debuit, factum valet," for the obnoxious town has subsisted ever since.
exhibited in this Forest, which, from the high rank of the parties who interposed rather than from any thing to distinguish it from stories of a similar kind which abounded in that credulous age, seems entitled to a distinct narration. In or about the year of 1633, 1 a a number of poor and ignorant people, inhabitants of Pendle Forest or the neighbourhood, were apprehended upon the evidence of one Edmund Robinson, a boy, whose deposition, taken before two neighbouring magistrates, is here subjoined :
Padiham before Richard Shuttleworth and John Starkie, esqs. two of his Majesty's justices of the peace within the county of Lancaster, 10th Feb. A.D. 1633 :
saith that upon All Saints Day last past, hee, this informer, beeinge with one Henry Parker, a neare doore 1 This story made so much noise, that in the following year, 1634, was acted and published a play entitled The Witches of Lancaster, which has been applied by Mr. Steevens to the illustration of Shakespeare. Johnson's and Steevens's Shakespeare, vol. ix. p. 483, &c. The term has since been transferred to a gentler species of fascination,* which my fair countrywomen still continue to exert in full force, without any apprehension of the County Magistrates, or even of the King in Council. Permit me to add, that a certain reviewer has accused me of inattention, in having passed over a narrative of pretended witchcraft, which was supposed to have taken place in the house of Mr. Starkie, A.D. 1592, and is adverted to in Harsnet's Detection of Pojrish Imposture. I was perfectly aware of the circumstance ; but the reviewer was not aware that it happened at a considerable distance from the parish of Whalley. [The attention of the Chetham Society was directed to this subject in one of their earliest volumes, entitled " The wonderful Discoverie of Witches in the Countie of Lancaster, with the Arraignment and Trial of 19 notorious Witches : by Thomas Potts :" originally printed in 1613, edited, with an Introduction and Notes, by James Crossley, Esq. 1845, pp. Ixxx. 184, 52.
BOOK III. CHAP. I V.I WITCHCRAFT IN PENDLE FOREST. 301
neighbor to him in Wheatley Lane, desyred the said Parker to give him leave to get some bulloes, 1 which hee did. In which tyme of getting bulloes hee sawe two greyhounds, viz. a blacke and a browne one, came running over the next field towards him, he verily thinkinge the one of them to bee Mr. Nutter's and the other to bee Mr. Robinson's, the said Mr. Nutter and Mr. Robinson havinge then such like ; and the said greyhounds came to him and fawned on him, they havinge about theire necks either of them a coller, and to either of which collers was tyed a stringe, which collers, as this informer affirmeth, did shine like gould, and hee thinkinge that some either of Mr. Nutter's or Mr. Robinson's family should have followed them, but seeinge noe body to followe them, he too.ke the said greyhounds thinkinge to hunt with them, and presently a hare rise very neare before him, at the sight whereof he cryed, " Loo ! loo ! " but the dogges would not run. Whereupon, beeinge very angry, he tooke them, and, with the strings that were at theire collars, tyed either of them to a little bush on the next hedge, and, with a rod that hee had in his hand, hee bett them, and in stede of the blacke greyhound, one Dickonson's wife stoode up (a neighb r ) whom this informer knoweth, and in steade of the browne greyhound a litle boy whom this informer knoweth not. At which sight this informer, beeinge affraid, indevoured to run away : but, beeinge stayed by the woman, viz. by Dickonson's wife, shee put her hand into her pocket and pulled out a peace of silver much like to a faire shillinge, and offered to give him to hould his tongue, and not to tell, whiche hee refused, sayinge, " Nay, thou art a witch ! " Whereupon shee put her hand into her pocket againe and pulled out a stringe like unto a bridle that gingled, which shee put upon the litle boyes heade that stood up in the browne greyhound's steade, whereupon the said boy stood up a white horse. Then immediately the said Dickonson wife tooke this informer before her upon the said horse, and carried him to a new house called Hoarestones, beinge about a quarter of a mile off, whither when they were comme, there were divers persons about the doore, and hee sawe divers others cominge rideinge upon horses of severall colours towards the said house, which tyed theire horses to a hedge neare to the sed house, and which persons went into the scd house to the number of three- score or thereabouts, as this informer thinketh, where they had a fyer and meate roastinge, and some other meate stirringe in the house, whereof a yonge woman, whom hee this informer knoweth not, gave him flesh and breade upon a trencher and drinke in a glasse, which, after the first taste, hee refused, and would have noe more, and said it was nought, and presently after, seeinge diverse of the company goinge to a barn neare adioyneinge, hee followed after, and there hee sawe sixe of them kneelinge, and pullinge at sixe severall roapes which were fastened or tyed to y e toppe of the house, at or with which pullinge came then in this informer's sight flesh smoakeinge, butter in lumps, and milke as it were syleinge from the said roapes, all which fell into basons whiche were placed tinder the saide roapes ; and after that these sixe had done there came other sixe which did likewise, and duringe all the tyme of theire so pullinge they made such foule faces that feared this informer, soe as hee was glad to steale out and run home, whom when they wanted some of theire company came runninge after him neare to a place in a highway called Boggard Hole, where this informer met two horsemen, at the sight whereof the sed persons left followinge him, and the foremost of which persons y* followed him hee knoweth to bee one Loynd's wife, which said wife, together with one Dickonson wife and one Jenet Davies, he hath scene at severall tymes in a croft or close adioninge to his father's house, whiche put him in a greate feare. And further this informer saith upon Thursday after New Yeares Day last past, he sawe the said Loynd's wife sittinge upon a crosse peece of wood, beeinge within the chimney of his father's dwellinge house, and hee, callinge to her, said " Come downe, thou Loynd's wife ! " " It is rather strange (remarks Mr. Crossley) that Dr. Whitaker, to whom local superstitions were, always matters of the strongest interest, and welcome as manna to the sojourners in the wilderness, should have been ignorant, not merely of Master Potts's discovery, but even of the fact of this trial of the witches in 1612 :" and that notwithstanding the pamphlet had been already reprinted in the Somers Collection of Tracts.] 1 [Wild plums.] 302 HISTORY OF WHALLEY. [BOOK III. CHAP. IV.
was comme from y 6 company aforesed to his father's house, beeinge towards eveninge, his father bad him goe fetch home two kyne to scale, and in the way, in a field called the Oilers, hee chanced to hap upon a boy who began to quarrell with him, and they fought soe together till this informer had his eares made very bloody by fightinge, and, lookinge downe, hee saw the boy had a cloven foote, at which sight hee was affraid, and ran away to seek the kyne ; and in the way hee sawe a light like a lanthorne, towards which he made hast, supposinge it to bee carried by some of Mr. Robinson's people, but, when hee came to the place hee onley found a woman standinge on a bridge, whom, when hee sawe her, he knewe to bee Loynd wife, and, knowinge her, he turned backe againe, and immediatly hee met with y e aforesed boy, from whom he offered to run, which boy gave him a blow on the back, which caus'd him to cry. And hee farther saith, y 4 when hee was in the barne he sawe three women take three pictures from off the beame, in the which pictures many thornes, or such like things sticked, and y 4 Loynd wife tooke one of the said pictures downe, but thother two women y* tooke thother two pictures downe hee knoweth not. And beeinge further asked, what persons were at y e meetinge aforesed, hee nominated these persons hereafter mentioned : viz. Dickonson wife, Henry Priestley wife and her sone, Alice Hargreaves widdowe, Jennet Davies, Wm. Davies, uxor Hen. Jacks and her sone John, James Hargreaves of Marsden, Miles wife of Dicks, James wife, Saunders sicut creditur, Lawrence wife of Saunders, Loynd wife, Buys wife of Barrowford, one Holgate and his wife sicut crediting Little Robin wife of Leonard's of the West Cloase. Edmund Robinson of Fondle, father of y e s d Edmunde Robinson, the aforesaid informer, upon oath saith, that upon All Saints' Day he sent his sone, the aforesed informer, to fetch home two kyne to seale, and saith y' hee thought his sone stayed longer than he should have done, went to seeke him ; and in seekinge him, heard him cry very pitifully ; and found him soe afraid and distracted, y* hee neither knew his father, nor did know where he was, and so continued very neare a quarter of an hower before he came to himsclfe ; and he tould this informer, his father, all the particular passages y 4 are before declared in the said Edmund Robinson his sone's information. 1
trial, not greatly to the honour either of the understanding or humanity of the magistrates : for surely the statute of witchcraft did not hind them to commit, upon any evidence, or upon none, or to shut their eyes against apparent malice and imposture. On their trials they had the misfortune of falling into the hands of a jury equally ignorant or prejudiced, who found seventeen of them guilty. The judge, however, whose name I have not learned, yery properly respited the convicts, and reported the case to the King in council. They were next remitted to the Bishop of Chester (Bridgeman), who, certifying his opinion of the case, whatever it was, four of the party, Margaret Johnson, Francis Dicconson, Mary Spencer, and the wife of one of the Hargreaves', were sent for to London, and examined, first hy the King's physicians and surgeons, and afterwards by Charles the First in person.
the untaught manners, rude dialect, and uncouth appearance of these poor foresters would more astonish the King ; or his dignity of person and manners, together with the splendid
particularly in the proper names ; which, to a Lancashire ear, authenticate themselves. [Another copy, together with the examination of Margaret Johnson, has been printed in Baines's Lancashire from the Harl. MS. 6854.] BOOK III. CHAP. IV.] WITCHCRAFT IN PENDLE FOREST. 303 scene with which they were surrounded, would overwhelm them. The end, however, of the business was, that strong presumptions appeared of the boy having been suborned to accuse them falsely, and they were accordingly dismissed. The boy afterwards confessed that he was suborned. After all this, how must the reader be surprised to find, that one of the women had actually confessed the fact with which she stood so injuriously charged. This was unknown to Webster, the original relater of the story ; but appears from a paper in the Bodleian Library, Dodsworth MSS. vol. Ixi. p. 47, which is here given. The Confession of Margret Johnson. That betwixt seaven and eight yeares since, shee beinge in her owne house in Marsclen, in a greate passion of anger and discontent, and withall pressed with some want, there appeared unto her a spirit or devill in y e proportion or similitude of a man, apparelled in a suite of blacke, tyed about witli silk points, who offered y* if shee would give him her soule hee would supply all her wants, and bringe to her what- soever shee did neede ; and at her appointment would, in revenge, either kill or hurt whom or what shee desyred, weare it man or beast. And saith, y* after a solicitation or two shee contracted and covenanted with y e said devill for her soule. And y' y e said devill or spirit badde her call him by the name of Mamilian. And when shee would have him to doe any thingo for her, call in Mamilian, and hee would bee ready to doe her will. And saith, y* in all her talke or conference shee calleth her said devill, Mamil my God. Shee further saith, y' y e said Mamilian, her devill, (by her consent) did abuse and defile her body by committinge wicked uncleannesse together. And saith, y 1 shee was not at the greate meetings at Hoarestones, at the forest of Pendle, upon All-Saints Day, where . But saith y 1 shee was at a second meetinge y e Sunday next after All-Saints Day, at the place aforesaid, where there was, at y* tyme> between 30 and 40 witches, who did all ride to the said meetinge, and the end of theiro said meeting was to consult for the killinge and hurtinge of men and beasts. And y' besides theire particular familiars or spirits, there was one greate or grand devill, or spirit, more eminent than the rest. And if any desyre to have a greate and more wonderfull devill, whereby they may have more power to hurt, they may have one such. And sayth, y* such witches as have sharp bones given by the devill to pricke them, have no pappes or dugges whereon theire devil may sucke ; but theire devill rcceiveth bloud from the place, pricked with the bone ; and they are more grand witches than any y' have marks. Shee allsoe saith, y 1 if a witch have but one marke, shee hath but one spirit ; if two, then two spirits ; if three, yet but two spirits. And saith, y' theire spirits usually have knowledge of theire bodies. And being desyred to name such as slice knewe to be witches, shee named, &c. And if they would torment a man, they bid theire spirit goe and torm* him in any particular place. And y' Good Friday is one constant day for a yearely gencrall meetinge of witches ; and y* on Good Friday last they had a meetinge neare Pendle water-syde. Shee alsoe saith, that men witches usually have women spirits, and women witches men spirits. And theire devill or spirit gives them notice of theire meetinge, and tells them the place where it must bee. And saith, if they desyre to be in any place upon a sodaine, theire devill or spirit will, upon a rodde, dogge, or any thing els, pre- sently convey them thither ; yea, into any roome of a man's house. But shee saith it is not the substance of theire bodies, but theire spirit assumeth such form and shape as goe into such rooms. Slice also saith, y 1 y e devill (after he begins to sucke) will make a pappe or dugge in a shorte tyme, and the matter which hee sucks is blood. And saith y* theire devills can cause foule weather and storms, and soe did at theire meetings. Shee alsoe saith, y' when her devill did come to sucke her pappe, hee usually came to her in
304
HISTORY OF WHALLEY.
[Boon III. CHAP. IV. y e liknes of a cat, sometymes of one colour, and sometymes of an other. And y* since this trouble befell her, her spirit hath left her, and shee never sawe him since.
torture, which will often compel the sufferer, for present ease, to utter truth or falsehood indifferently, as it may answer the purpose, should confess a capital crime, of which she knew herself innocent, when the effects of such a confession would be nearly equivalent to a conviction ! It is not impossible, that in persons of weak understandings, depressed and affrighted almost to distraction, the strong persuasion of their guilt, which they observe in all about them, may gradually produce an imagination that they really possess diabolical powers, and have had diabolical communications, which they have not. On the whole: Of the system of witchcraft, the real defect is not in theory but in evidence. A possibility that the bodies of men may sometimes be given up to infernal agency is no more to be denied than that their souls should be exposed to infernal illu- sions : that such appearances should be exhibited in one age and withdrawn in another is equally the case with miracles : that they do not extend to all countries is common to them and to revelation itself. But every modern instance of supposed witchcraft which I have read of is discredited either by the apparent fraud or folly of the witnesses. Were I to behold with my own eyes such circumstances as have often been related, or were they to be reported to me by a philosophical observer of perfect integrity upon the evidence of his senses, I know not upon what principles I could refuse my assent to the conclusion, that they were really the effects of diabolical power. 1
perambulated by the first Henry d.e Lacy, in person, on the day when he delivered pos- session of that village to the monks ; and they are thus described :
esse rectas divisas inter Bcrnolswic et forestam ineam de Blakeburnscire, quas ego et homines mei pcrambulavimus ea die qua tradidi Bcrnolswic cum omnibus appendiciis suis Monachis ordinis Cisterciencis, ad abbatiam construendam, et predictam Bernolswic per has easdem divisas perpetuo possidendam eisdem Monachis, assignavi scilicet per rivum qui vocatur Blakebroc et ita sursum ultra Moram in directum usque ad Gailmers, et ita in directum usque ad capitem de Clessaghe, et ita in transversum Montem qui vocatur Blacho, et ita usque ad Oxegilc, ct ita per Oxegile sursum usque ad Dukedelawe qui vocatur Alaine Sete et ad Pikedelawe, usque ad antiquum fossatum inter Midhop et Colredene. Et ideo ne inter Monachos et heredes meos possit de eisdem divisis aliqua in posterum oriri contentio, hanc cartam dedi eis in testi- monium predictarum divisarum. Teste. (Coucher of Kirkstall, in the Duchy Papers, Class XL No. 7, fol. 54.)
take leave to refer my readers to the following sentiment of a great and enlightened modern Divine :" That for anything we know, he (the devil) may (still) operate, in the way of possession, I do not see on what certain grounds any man can deny." Bp. Kurd's Sermons, vol. iii. p. 239. BOOK III. CHAP. IV.] PENDLE FOKEST. 305 The words antiquum fossatum (old dike), when referred to the reign of Stephen, prove how early the forests were bounded by these haice dominicales. In the perambulation of Bowland repeated mention is made of paling and dykes, where strong natural boundaries were wanting ; and the forest of E/ossendale was divided from Cliviger by a fossatum yet remaining, called the Old Dyke.
one of these ancient names appears in the perambulation of the parish of Whalley, of which the antiquity is uncertain, but which cannot be later than the reign of Edward III. as it is found in the Coucher Book of Abbot Lyndlay. On this account Henry de Lacy the second had encroached on the property of the monks at Kirkstall, and his successors in the Honor of Clitheroe seemed disposed to main- tain the wrong. This gave rise to a suit between that house and Queen Isabella, which produced the following inquisition (7 Edw. III.) : " The jurors find, that Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, violently took away 840 acres of moor and pasture, parcel of the commons of Bernoldswick, val. 35*. per annum and no more ; that is, an halfpenny per acre, quia nullwm extat ibi alium proficuum capiendum, nisi pastura frisca pro grossis animalibus inde pascendis et debilis existit" It was accordingly restored to the proper owners. During the time of this suit, it appears that William de Tatham was keeper, and Ric. de Mer- clesden master-forester of Blackburnshire. 1 In the Inquisition of 1311, the pannage of Pendle was found to be sometimes of no value, but communibus annis worth 6s. Sd. This is precisely the case at present, as acorns sometimes ripen, and sometimes do not.
called FENCE, 2 within the vaccaries of Sabden, 3 "West Close, 4 and Higham, upon which " the herde of the stagges, always before the deforesting, had their several being ;" and doubts having arisen with respect to the right of the tenants to the said lands, it is decreed that they shall pass and endure to the said tenants as part of the said vaccaries.
tion of 2,000. Its cost, 1,000. was raised by subscription, and 1,OOOZ. was given as an endowment by Mrs. Green- wood. Consecrated Oct. 6, 1837.]
stood to extend between Sabden Fold and Sabden Hall; but now, as Sabden Bridge (which is at the bottom of the dale) has increased, that village is often called Sabden, and the old Sabden is nearly deserted." J. GRIMSHAW, 1870. " Et de liij 8. iiij d. de firma de Sapdenhey sic dimissa Thome de Radclif per litteras domini Johannis nuper ducis Lancastrie patentes, tenenda secundum consuetudinem Manerii etc. et reparandum per eundem domes prout in eisdem litteris plenius continetur." (Computus Collectorum herbagii de Blakebourneshire (1422-3.) Duchy of Lane. Class xxix Bundle 220. Clitheroe 1 and 2 Hen. VI.)]
Gate is to the north-east. J. GRIMSHAW.] VOL. I. 2 B, 306
HISTORY OF WHALLEY.
[BOOK III. CHAP. IT. IGHTENHILL PARK. Separated from the forest of Pendle by the Calder, is Ightenhill Park, 1 another of the demesnes of Clitheroe Castle, which, though never taken as a portion of the forest, may, from its contiguity to it, most properly he noticed here. The ancient orthography of this word is Hightenhull ; of which, though the meaning is sufficiently clear, the propriety is not very apparent ; for it is, in fact, a soft and gentle swell of ground, rising from a curvature of the Calder, to no very considerable height, but commanding some very pleasing views to the north and west. Within this park was a very ancient manor-house of the Lacies, which was certainly in existence as early as the 22nd Henry II. or 1176, 2 as appears from a grant of lands in Tottington, given at Hightenhull in that year, the earliest date, excepting one, I have ever met with in any of our charters. There is a tradition in the neighbourhood, that the house was abandoned by the family in consequence of the last male heir having been killed by a fall from a window. This is merely an echo of the genuine account already given, concerning the untimely death of the heir of Henry de Lacy at Pontefract or Denbigh ; and is only mentioned here to show how long traditions of real events may be propagated, and how seldom they are found, when traced to their sources, entirely destitute of foundation, however they may have been corrupted. This park, with its appurtenances, is valued in the great Inquisition of 1311 : Hightenhull, one capital messuage worth yearly, besides reprises . 8 acres in demesne .......
Halmot of the same, together with a certain revenue (prqftcuum) called Thisteltakes s nil.
xij d.
Is. vd.
vj 1. xiv s. ij d.
The leuca or league (vide Spelman in voce) was extremely variable. That of Domes- In the Inquisition of Survey for the Rectory of Whalley, immediately before the foundation of the abbey, Ightenhill is included in the chapelry of Brunley. 2 [See hereafter, under Tottington. The true date of 22 Hen. II. instead of 22 Hen. HI. is restored in the text, according to Dr. Whitaker's note in his last edition, p. 228. A charter of Edmund de Lacy is dated at Ightenhill on Sunday next after the nativity of the blessed virgin Mary in 1251. Coucher Book, (Chetham Soc.) p. 77.]
has been understood to mean a payment exacted by lords of manors, for the depasturing of drove-beasts upon their BOOK III. CHAP. IV.] IGHTENHILL PAEK. 307
day Book was 1,000 geometrical paces : the French league was twice the former ; and this I conceive to have been the measure intended here. [Pur encloser le park de Ightenyll. (From the Register of John Duke of Lancaster, temp. Ric. 11= f. 25.) Johan, &c. A nostre trescher et bien ame Chief Gardein de nostre Chace de Penyll ou a son lieutenant saluz. Nous vous mandons qe par lavys et assent de nostre seneschal deniz nostre Duchee de Lancastre facez faire enclore nostre park de Ightenyll' deinz nostre Chace oue fosse quicwode et petit hegge desouz en le meliour manere qe vous verrez qe soit affaire pur nostre honour et profit, et a tout le bon hast qe ce faire purra, entendent qe nous avons escrit a nostre Receivour de celles parties pur faire paiement de les coustages par temoignantz de vous et lun de vous. Et ce ne lessez. Et cestes noz lettres vous en serront garrant. Done, etc. a nostre Manoir de la Sauvoye le xxi jour de Feverer, Ian, &c. tierz. (21 Feb. 3 Rich. II. 1380.)
Pur paier les costaiges pur lenclosure de le Park de Ightenille et autre. Johan, etc. A nostre trescher et bien ame Clerk Sire William de Horneby nostre Receivour deniz nostre Duchee a Lancastre et aillour saluz. Nous vous mandons qe par lavys et assent de nostre trescher et bien ame monser Nicole de Haryngton Chief Gardein de nostre Forest de Quememore faciez carier touz les keynes ' et maerisme queux sont coupez pur nostre oeps deniz nostre dit Forest a nostre Chastel de Lan- castre, et illeoqes faces ordener pur le bone et sauve garde de ycelles tanque vous eveiez autre mandement do nous, et des costages resonable queux vous issint ferrez nous volons qe le tesmoignance du dit monser Nicole et par cestes vous eveiez du allouance en voz acontes. Et outre ce que vous mandons qe par survieue et ordenance de nostre seneschal de Lane, et del Chief Gardein de nostre Chace de Penille faciez paier les coustages pur encloser nostre Park de Ightenill ove fosse et quicwode et petit hegge desous selonc leur devise. Et des coustages resonable queux vous issent ferrez nous volons qe par le tesmoignance de eux ou lun de eux vous eveiez due allouance en voz acontes. Done, etc., a nostre Manoir de la Sauvoye le xxi jour de Feverer, Ian, etc. tierz. (The same day as the former.)] In the 21st Richard II. I met with a John le Parcour de Hightenhull. This was merely a name of office, but gradually became hereditary ; and I suspect, from several circumstances, that the Parkers of Extwisle, could their descent be traced to its source, would terminate in a keeper of Ightenhill. In the earlier part of the reign of Henry VIII. this park was in lease to the Townley family ; for, in the court-rolls at Clitheroe, A. 14 of that reign, is an inquisition of survey, taken at the instance of Sir John Townley, knt. in order to certify to the King's council the state in which the manor-house was then found. And, as this ancient mansion, which was sometimes probably a royal residence, is now destroyed to the foundation, it will not be uninteresting to enumerate, from this record, the names of its principal apartments, commons, even if they stayed to crop a thistle. Dr. Pegge reads the word Tresseltake, and understands it to be a payment made to the lord for every hog placed upon the tressel for slaughter : very improbably. 1 \_Kanes, oakes, Kelham, Norman Diet.]
308 HISTOKY OF WHALLEY. [Boon III. CHAP. IV. and to ascertain the precise state of dilapidation and decay to which they were reduced, even at that early period. Juratores dicunt, quod magna aula et meremium (the timbers of the roof) ruit et prosternetur ad ten-am, et magna pars illius inde asportatur. Item dicunt, quod magna camera ad finem aulae ex occid. parte simili modo ut supradict. est. Item quod coquina et domus pincernae et le pantree deformentur. Item domus fornac. in simili modo ut sup. Item dicunt quod magnum oreum ' simili modo ut sup. est. Item quod longa camera ad finem aulae ex occid. ruit et prosternetur. Item, quod domus custodis parci adhuc exist, stans et desuper contect. cum tegul. et later, voc. sclaitstons, et quod hostia et fenestrse illius asportatae sunt, et veresimile est cadere. Item quod Capella 2 ibm. adhuc existens, stans simili modo. Item stabulum simili modo, et in captione sive destructione meremii sive lapidum domorum p'dict. Johannes Townley cul. non est invent.
by John Townley, esq. to about the 35th Eliz. when Sir Richard Shuttleworth grants a lease of lands in Ightenhill Park, reciting and confirming the conditions granted in the former lease by John Townley, esq. There was little difficulty, at that time, for a rising lawyer to displace an obnoxious recusant. O si angulus ille ! must frequently have been the wish of the Gawthorp family, when they beheld that fair domain, which extended almost to their door ; and what they thus acquired by lease, they have since converted into a fee simple, excepting merely the site of the manor-house, which could not be alienated without a transfer or an extinction of the manor. Eor it must be remembered that Ightenhill is one of the factitious manors within the parish, which have grouped together several of the original ones, for the convenience of holding courts ; and it consists of Ightenhill mag. andjmry., Burnley, Habergham Eaves, Padiham, Marsden, Briercliffe, and Heyhouses.
breeding of horses, maintained in connection with another in the park of the Hay near the castle of Knaresborough, regarding which the following extracts from the records of the King's Remembrancer in the Exchequer will be found highly curious : In the compotus Menaldi Brocas, custodis quorundum magnorum Equorum et Pullanorum Regis in partibus borealibus, for 61 days from 2 Sept. to 2 Nov. 9 Edw. III. 1335, among the forty-two horses in his charge he names i niger de Hightenhille, i niger cum uno pede (forefoot) albo. (Exchequer, Q. R Equitium Regis W-) In his compotus 2 Nov. 9 Edw. III. to Michaelmas following written "die Sabbato secundo die Decembr. Anno x " (2 Dec. 1336; several Ightenhill horses are named. Ces sount les nouns des chivals queux Manaut de Brocas resceust de Johan Brocas le secunde jour de 1 For horreum, the great barn, see oreum, in Du Cange. 2 From the Compotus of Whalley Abbey, A.D. 1536, it appears that the Chapel in the manor-house of Ightenhill was then remaining ; for, after an enumeration of the chapels within the castle-parish, follows this entry '.Ightenhill Park deperq. capellani. See p. 116, note. BOOK III. CHAP. IV.] IGHTENHILL PARK. 309
Novembre Lan de regne le Roy Edward tierce apres le conquest neusme, cest a savoir une Morell de
Itinhill, une pee blank derere, une Morell de Itinhill, une Grisel de Hitenhill, une grisel bausan de Hitenhill, deux Morell de Makesfeld, etc.
Decembre Ian de sus dit, se est assaver, i bayant de Histenhell, etc. (Equicium Regis 3 -f.) COMPOTUS Edmund! de Thedmersshe de equicio Eegis in partibus borialibus et de receptis et expensis suis factis circa custodia ejusdem equicii a festo Sancti Michaelis anno xv Regis Edward! tercii post con- questum finiente usque ad festum Sancti Michaelis proximum sequens, videlicet de anno xvj. (After the titles Knaresb. parco de Haywara, Equicium de Plumtonlande, parco de Haye in foresta de Knaresb.) EQUICIUM DE IGHTENHILL. Jumenta. Idem respondit de xxxv jumentis de equicio Regis de Ightenhill de remanentibus compoti sui anni precedentis, quorum vj nigra, ij sor, vij bay, v ferrantz bauzan, iij ferrantz*pomele, iij nigra bauzan, i sor grisele, i sor bauzan, i Powys cum duobus pcdibus posteris albis, i grisel, i brounbay, i nigra cum stella, i lyard et ij lyard bauzan. Et de vij jumentis de adjunccione pultrellarum, quarum ij grisel, ij lyard cum stella, ij nigra et i Hard. Summa xlij jumenta. Et remanent
nentibus, quorum ij grisel, ij grisel cum stella,' ij bay cum stellis, i grisel bausan, et i niger cum stella. Quos computat tractates ad domandum inter magnos equos Regis, de quibus dictus Edmundus respondit in compoto suo de eisdem equis. Item respondit de v pullanis etatis duorum annorum et dimidii, quorum iij grisel et ij nigri. Et remanent etatis iij annorum et dimidii. Item respondit de iij pullanis etatis unius anni et dimidii equicii predict!, quorum i lyard, i grisel cum stella, et i niger. Et remanent etatis ij ann. et di. Item respondit de vj pullanis equicii predict! de illis xj pullanis remanentibus de cxitu in compoto suo anni precedentis, quorum iij grisel, i bay, i niger, i sor. Summa vj pullani. Et remaucnt etatis unius anni et dimidii. Putirelle. Item de xj pultrellis diverse etatis equicii predict! de remanentibus, quarum ij grisel, ij lyard cum stellis, ij nigre, et i lyard etatis trium annorum et dimidii, i lyard, ij nigre et i sore bauzan etatis duorum annorum et dimidii.
pultrelle, quarum i lyard, ij nigre, et i sore bauzan, etatis trium annorum et dimidii. Item respondit de ij pultrellis etatis unius anni et dimidii equicii predicti de remanentibus, quarum i sore et i lyard. Et remanent etatis ij annorum et dimidii. Item respondit de v pultrellis equicii predicti de illis xj pultrellis remanentibus de exitu in computo suo anni precedentis, quarum i nigra, i bay, ij grisel, et i dun. Et remanent etatis unius anni et dimidii. Pulli de exitu. Item de xiiij pullis divers! sexus et coloris de exitu predictorum jumentorum hoc anno, et non de pluribus quia residuum dictorum jumentorum sterilia erant (sic) hoc anno. Inde in decima soluta i pullum. Et remanent xiij pulli divers! sexus et coloris.
clone predictorum jumentorum et pullanorum per tempus hujus computi iiij li. x s. precium acre xviij d. Et in xxvj quarterns avene emptis in ciiij thravis 1 garbarum, quarum singule iiij thrave fecit per cstlmacionem i quarteriam avene xxx s. iiij d. precium quarterie xiiij d. De cariagio nichil hie quia per plaustr. Regis. Summa vj li. iv d. 1 See p. 180. 310 HISTOEY OF WHALLEY. [BOOK 1IL CHAP. IV. Vadii. Item computat in vadiis unius hominis custodientis equicium predictum a predicto festo Sancti Michaelis anno predicto, usque festum Sancti Michaelis proxime sequens, per ccclxv dies xlv s. vij d. 6. cap. per diem i d. et ob.
per idem tempus, xijli. iijs. iiijd. cap. per diem viij d. Summa xiij li. viij s. xj d. o. Summa totalis expensarum xx li. ix s. ob. Fenum et avena. Item respondit de feno Ix acrarum prati et xxxvj quarteriis in cxliij thravis garbarum avene receptis de supra-empcione. Et totum computatur in sustentacione predictorum jumentorum et pullanorum per tempus hujus computi. Et est quietus.
Receptoris, Remanent de superplusagio xvj li. xiij s. ix d. 6. q". COMPUTUS prefati Edmundi de exitu herbagii parcorum Regis de la Haye, Haywra, Ditton, et parvi parci subtus Castrum in foresta de Knaresb. in Com. Ebor., parci Eegis de Ightenhill cum tribus clausis eidem parco pcrtincntibus videlicet Westclose, Hegliam et Fylyclose in Com. Lane., et parci Eegis de Macclesfekl in Com. Cestr., a festo Sancti Michaelis anno xv finiente usque festum Sancti Michaelis proxime sequens videlicet de anno xvj.
in le Westclose pertinente parco de Ightenhill sic dimisso ad firmam pro toto anno ultra sustentacionem equicii Eegis in dicto clauso.
per tempus isti computi. Et de Liiij s. de agistamento Iv bestiarum in parco predicto tempore estivali, quarum videlicet Lii quelibet ad xij d. et iij quelibet ad viij d. Et de iiij li. xix s. vj d. de agistamento iiij xx xi bestiarum agistatarum in clauso de Hegham tempore predicto, quarum xviij bestie quelibet ad xviij d. Ixxj quelibet ad xij d. et iij quelibet ad vj d. Et de xxx s. ixd. de agistamento xxviij bestiarum in quodam clauso vocato Eoell (i.e. Eoyle) tempore predicto, quarum xxiiij quelibet ad xij d. iii quelibet ad vj d. et i ad iij d. Et de xxvij s. ijd. o' de agistamento cxlj bestiarum in parco predicto et clausis de Hegham et Fylyclos agistatarum tempore yeme, quarum v bestie quelibet ad iiij d., Ixix quelibet ad iij d., xxij quelibet ad ij d., xxj quelibet ad j d. 6, xxiiij quelibet ad j d. Summa xiiij li. xix s. ij d. 6.
Eegis ibidem per tempus predictum, precio acre xviij d. Summa iiij li. x s. Summa reddituum xix li. ix s. ix d. 6. EXPENSE. Decima. Idem computat in decima soluta Eectori ecclesie de Clyderhowe pro pastura, herbagio et agistamento in parco et clausis predictis supra vendicium xxix s. xj d. 6. q a . Summa xxix s. xj d. 6. q". Clauetura. Idem computat in C perticatis haye circa clauses de Hegham, Fylyclos, et Rowel per diversa loca fracte et prostrate reficiendis et emendandis per tempus predictum iiij s. ij d. pro perticata 6. Et in xxviij perticatis haye circa le Midelzerd similiter reparandis per idem tempus xiiij d. pro- perticata 6. Et in xxxy perticatis haye circa quoddam clausum prati vocatum Stodmerhalgh similiter per idem tempus emendandis xvj d. pro perticata 6. Et in xlv perticatis novi palicii circa parcom predictum similiter per idem tempus faciendis vij s. vj d, pro perticata ij d. BOOK III. CHAP. IV.] IGHTENHILL PARK. 311
eis in grosso viij s. viij d. Summa xxij s. x d. Falcacio prati. Idem computat in Ix acris prati in parco predicto in quodam loco vocato Stodmerhalgh falcatis per tempus predictum xxv s. pro acra v d. Et in herba inde spargenda, feno colligando, levando, et in pratis cassando x s. pro acra ij d. Et in conduccione ij hominum per iiij dies pro tassacione feni in domis ibidem xvj d. cuilibet per diem ij d. Summa xxxvj s. iiij d. Vadia. Item in vadiis unius parcarii custodientis parcum predictum et clausa predicta a predicto festo Sancti Michaelis dicto anno xv finiente usque festum Sancti Michaelis proximo sequens per ccclxv dies xlv s. vij d. 6. capientis per diem j d. 6.
fuerit emendando et sustinendo, et unius hominis euntis ad plaustrum Regis ibidem pro palicii meremio ad idem, spinis pro haiis ejusdem parci et feno cariandis, ac custodientis viij boves pro plaustro predicto per idem tempus Ixv s. x d. cuilibet per diem j d. Et in stipendio dicti plaustrarii per idem tempus iiij s. vj d. Sm a cxs. xj d. ob. Summa expensarum x li. j d. q a . Et debet ix li. ix s. viij d. q a . Fenum. Idem respondit de feno Ixv acr. prati de remanenti compoti sui anni precedentis. Et de feno Ix acr. prati falc. per tempus hujus compoti. Inde in sustentacione viij bourn Regis fenum v acr. prati. Et in vendicione feni Ix acr. prati. Et remanet fenum Ix acr. prati. Boves. Idem respondit de viij bobus de rem. computi sui anni precedentis. Et remanent. Plaust'mm. Idem respondit de uno plaustro de rem. computi sui anni precedentis. Et remanet. (Exchequer, Queen's Remembrancer. Equicium Regis 3 -f/.~) Yüklə 4,81 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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