Draft report of

Table 12

Number of Colleges in 2002 & 2006

S.No.	Category	As on January 1, 2002	As on March 31, 2005	% of previous row	March 31, 2006	% of previous row
1	Total	15,437	17,625		18,064
2	Under UGC purview (Arts, Science & Commerce)	11,128	14,000	79.4	14400	79.72
3	Included u/s 2(f) UGC Act		5,589	39.9	6109	42.42
4.	Included u/s 12(B) UGC Act		5,273	94.4	5525	90.44
5	Funded by UGC X^th plan		4,870	92.4	5068	91.73
6	Accredited by NAAC		2,780	37.1

Source: UGC
It may be noted that a vast majority of the colleges (60%) are not recognised by UGC under section 2(f) of UGC Act. This poses a great challenge for the UGC in respect of maintenance of standard of teaching and examination in higher education.

5. 
   Distribution of colleges in different states
   

In terms of distribution, there are some distinguishing features in the distribution of colleges in different states. There is a north-south imbalance in the number of colleges. Southern states such as Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka have 2441, 2096 and 1865 colleges respectively. Three states alone account for 36% of the colleges. Some major northern states such as Assam, Bihar, Uttaranchal, West Bengal, Jharkhand lag behind other states in the number of colleges.

The distribution in the number of colleges per lakh population as per census 2001 among different states is given in Table 4. It reveals that Bihar, J&K, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamilnadu, Tripura, UP, West Bengal, Sikkim and Delhi are lagging behind in terms of number of colleges per one lakh population, as the above states have less than 5 colleges per one lakh population.
Table 13

State wise distribution in the number of colleges per lakh population

Less than 5	5-10	10-20	20 and above
Punjab (2.3), Sikkim (2.5), Bihar (3.6), J & K (3.3), Rajasthan (4), Tamilnadu (4.8), Tripura (3.4), UP (4), West Bengal (3.6) Delhi (3.5)	Andhra Pradesh (7.7), Arunachal Pradesh (6.1), Assam (8.5), Chhattisgarh (8.7), Gujarat (6.6), Haryana (6.05), Himachal Pradesh (9.3), Jharkhand (5.5), Kerala (6), Madhya Pradesh (9.9) Maharashtra (9.7), Uttranchal (8.9)	Goa (12.8), Karnataka (12.53), Meghalaya (16.5), Nagaland (12.5), Orissa (12.1)	Manipur (21.5), Mizoram (23)

During 10^th plan, States such as Bihar, Jharkhand, Harayana, Himachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal and West Bengal have added 13, 1, 6, 16, 30 and 35 colleges respectively in the first three years of 10^th plan. The growth of colleges in these States is far from satisfactory. There are also inter district variations within each and every State in terms of number of colleges per one lakh population.

6.6 Teachers
The total number of teachers in 2004-05 was 4.72 lakhs and 4.88 lakhs in March, 2006. Out of the total teaching faculty, 83.85% (409154) were employed in affiliated colleges and only 16.15% (78819) in the universities. The student- teacher ratio works out to 22. The student–teacher ratio is 18 in the university departments and colleges and 23 in the affiliated colleges. The average enrolment per college is 594. (See Table 14).
Table 14