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The characteristic qualities of a material that describe and identify it are called its properties. There are homogeneous and heterogeneous materials. If a certain material is heterogeneous its overall behavior is related to the kinds and amounts of the phases present and thus varies from sample to sample. Therefore, the chemist usually discusses properties of a homogeneous material.
These properties include such factors as density (mass per unit volume), color, smell, taste, crystal faces, melting (freezing) temperatures, solubility, structure, interactions with other substances and kinds of new products formed in the reactions.
When a chemist examines material in order to identify it he looks at it and sometimes handles it, tastes it as a non-chemist. He may examine it with instruments or he may perform tests that will help him to identify it more completely or more precisely.
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