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=>ANSWER: TRUE

8. 
   An inner-city tram network is dangerous for car drivers. Keywords: an inner-city tram network, dangerous
   

The inner-city tram network is mentioned in the third paragraph: “Melbourne‟s large tram networkhas made car use in the inner city much lower, but the outer suburbs have the same car-based structure as most other Australian cities.”

However, there is no information about whether an inner-city tram network is dangerous for car drivers.

=>ANSWER: NOT GIVEN

1. 
   In Melbourne, people prefer to live in the outer suburbs.
   

Keywords: Melbourne, outer suburbs

In the last sentence of the third paragraph, the writer says that: “The explosion in demand for accommodation in the inner suburbs of Melbourne suggests a recent change inmany people‟s preferences as to where they live.” This means that more and more people in Melbourne now prefer to live in the inner suburbs.

=>ANSWER: FALSE

1. Cities with high levels of bicycle usage can be efficient even when public transport is only averagely good.

Keywords: bicycle usage, public transport, averagely good

In the fifth paragraph, it is stated that: “Bicycle use was not included in the study but Newman noted that the two most “bicycle friendly” cities considered – Amsterdam

and Copenhagen -were very efficient, even though their public transport systems were “reasonable but not special”.”

Thus, the given statement is true.

+ Cities with high levels of bicycle usage = bicycle friendly cities

+ averagely good = reasonable but not special

=>ANSWER: TRUE

Questions 11-13:

Matching names: Match each city with correct description

Perth A. Successfully uses a light rail transport system in hilly environment

Auckland B. Successful public transport system despite cold winters Portland C. Profitably moved from road to light rail transport system

1. 
   Hilly and inappropriate for rail transport system
   
2. 
   Heavily dependent on cars despite widespread poverty
   
3. 
   Inefficient due to a limited public transport system
   

Read all descriptions and identify keywords. Then go back to the passage to scan the city name.

In the second paragraph, the writer says: “¼..the Western Australian city of Perth is a good example of a city with minimal public transport. As a result, 17% of its wealth went into transport costs. Some European and Asian cities, on the other hand, spent as little as 5%.”
The proportion of wealth poured into transport of Perth is 17%,while the figure forsome other cities is only 5%.

So, Perth is inefficient due to a limited public transport system.

+ a limited public transport system = minimal public transport