"A Cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system consisting of a collection of interconnected and virtualized computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resources based on service-level agreements established through negotiation between the service provider and consumers” (Buyya et al.)
"A Cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system consisting of a collection of interconnected and virtualized computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resources based on service-level agreements established through negotiation between the service provider and consumers” (Buyya et al.)
“A large-scale distributed computing paradigm that is driven by economies of scale, in which a pool of abstracted, virtualized, dynamically-scalable, managed computing power, storage, platforms, and services are delivered on demand to external customers over the Internet” (Foster et al.)
« Private » virtualized servers (« instances ») of different types
Example: High-CPU Extra Large Instance
7 GB of memory
20 EC2 Compute Units
1690 GB Storage
Pricing on a per hour basis for each instance type: from $0.084/hour for the smallest "On-Demand" virtual machine running Linux to 12x more for the largest one running Windows (Nov. 2009). The data transfer charge ranges from $0.08 to $0.15 per gigabyte, depending on the volume
Data Cloud S3 (Simple Storage Service)
from $0.55 to $0.15 per GB-month, + bandwidth usage (from $0.08 to 0.15 per GB) + requests (from $0.01 to $0.1 per 1000 requests)
102 billion objects stored files (March 2010)
data transfer is charged by TB / month data transfer, depending on the source and target of such transfer.
Compute :
Compute :
connection to the « Compute » service > 99,95%
Web and Worker roles > 99,9%
note : service interruption interruption > 5 mn
Storage
« failed » transactions (error rate) < 0,1%
credit = 10%
if 0,1% <= error rate < 1%
Credit = 25%
if error rate >= 1%
Gartner:
Gartner:
identifies the Cloud as one of the four trends that will change IT and the economy in the next 10 years
(http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1470115)
predicts that the value of Cloud Computing will surge to 150.1 billion dollars by 2013
expects SaaS demand to continue to growth to a total of more than 14 billion dollars by 2013
IDC [BBE10]:
the market for private enterprise Cloud servers will grow from an $8.4 billion opportunity in 2010, to a $12.6 billion market in 2014
SaaS revenue will grow five times more than traditional software
by 2014, about 34% of all new business software purchases will be consumed via SaaS.
Steve Ballmer (Microsoft's CEO) (March 2010):
about 75% (90% in a year) of Microsoft customers are doing entirely cloud based or entirely cloud inspired
Information Systems Audit and Control Association (ISACA):
33% among all European organizations are using cloud computing systems
