Quettaparma Quenyallo


ua- negative verb “not do, not be”. If a verb is to be negated, ua



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ua- negative verb “not do, not be”. If a verb is to be negated, ua (coming before the verb) receives any pronominal endings (and presumably also any endings for plurality or duality, -r or -t), whereas the uninflected tense-stem of the verb follows: With the ending -n for “I”, one can thus have constructions like uan carë *”I do not” (aorist), uan carnë *“I did not” (past), uan cára *“I am not doing” (present), uan caruva *”I shall not do” (future). The verb ua- can itself be fully conjugated: #ua aorist (or present?), únë (past), úva “(future), #uië (perfect) (the aorist and perfect are attested only with the ending -n “I”). In “archaic Quenya” these tense-forms could be combined with an uninflected aorist stem, e.g. future *úvan carë = later Quenya uan caruva, “I shall not do”. In later Quenya, only the forms ua (present or aorist) and “occasionally” the past tense form #únë were used in normal prose (únen *”I did not, was not”). (PE17:144; compare FS for úva as a future-tense negative verb “will not”)


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