Сборник материалов международной научной конференции студентов, магистрантов, аспирантов

И.В. Хведчик

Республика Беларусь, Брест, БрГУ имени А.С. Пушкина
Научный руководитель – И.В. Повх

SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

The Republic of Belarus is famous for hardworking, educated and gifted people able not only to significantly improve the welfare and quality of life of people in Belarus, but also ensure economic growth and security of our state.

Making advantageous conditions for business is one of the principle strategic factors for stabilized socio-economic development.

The disadvantages of small business development include low profitability, high intensity of labour, difficulties in adoption of new technologies, increased risks and low marketability. However, despite its shortcomings, small business is worth developing.

Small business is an important part of the market economy development in Belarus. Small business contributes to the competitive environment and increases the production of goods to stabilize the economy. The importance of small business is determined by its specific features such as efficiency, the ability to react to consumer demand fluctuations more quickly and flexibly, high manoeuvrability and new vacancy prospects.

Every year there is an increase in the number of small businesses in Belarus (table 1). It is a positive trend, which shows an increase in the number of people with entrepreneurial skills.

Table 1 – Number of small business entities

	Number of entities
	1 January, 2012	1 January, 2013	1 January, 2014
Individual entrepreneurs	219,285	232,851	248,546
Micro companies	81,036	88,607	97,834
Small companies	10,703	10,531	10,747
Total	311,024	331,989	357,127

The Republic of Belarus is open for business. The government does everything to promote small business by providing information, legal, financial services. The government regulation of small business is minimal. The main purpose of government regulation is to protect consumers from poor goods and services.

The financial activities of any business entity are characterized by such indicators as receipts from marketing goods and services, clean profit and cost effectiveness (table 2).

Table 2 – Main indicators characterizing the financial performance of micro companies and small companies

	2011	2012	2013
Receipts from marketing goods and services, billion Belarusian roubles	267,236.9	413,319.2	477,278.4
Clean profit (net loss), billion Belarusian roubles	11,870.1	22,534.6	20,687.0
Cost effectiveness, %	9.5	8.3	6.9

There is an increase in receipts from marketing goods and services and clean profit, but cost effectiveness is constantly decreasing. It is a negative trend that reveals the reduction in the amount of profit earned by the company from each rouble of the products sold. Cost effectiveness may decline due to:

1. 
   reduction of turnover;
   
2. 
   increase in production costs;
   
3. 
   unjustified increase in assets.
   

Thus, the Republic of Belarus has the necessary potential for small business development. The government regulation of small business is minimal. The main problem of small business is to reduce cost effectiveness. Further development of small business depends only on the market environment and financial situation in the country.

1. 
   О поддержке малого и среднего предпринимательства [Электронный ресурс] : Закон Республики Беларусь от 1 июля 2010 г. №148-З : принят Палатой представителей 26 мая 2010 г. : одобр. Советом Республики 15 июня 2010 г. : в ред. Закона Респ. Беларусь от 12.07.2013 г. // ЭТАЛОН. Законодательство Республики Беларусь / Нац. центр правовой информ. Респ. Беларусь. – Минск, 2015.
   
2. 
   Статистический ежегодник Республики Беларусь, 2014 : cтат. сб. / Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь ; редкол.: В.И. Зиновский [и др.] – Минск, 2014. – 534 с.
   
3. 
   Малое и среднее предпринимательство в Республике Беларусь : cтат. сб. / Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь ; редкол.: В.И. Зиновский [и др.]. – Минск, 2013. – 380 с.
   

Статья посвящена проблеме развития малого предпринимательства в Республике Беларусь. Автор указывает преимущества и недостатки развития малого предпринимательства, а также его перспективы в условиях государственной политики Республики Беларусь. Приводится ряд статистических данных, отражающих рост числа субъектов малого бизнеса за период с 2012 по 2014 г. и финансовые показатели деятельности малого бизнеса за период с 2011 по 2013 г.