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he was to bring such mighty blessings along with him. For the scheme of all these expences, ordinary and extraordi- nary, as they were drawn up for the Queen's information, it N°. XIX. may be seen at length in the Catalogue. Conducted So on the 6th of November, the Lord Paget and Sir Lord plget Edw. Hastings, accompanied by Sir William Cecyl, late and others, secretary of state, and other gentlemen, were despatched by the Queen to the Emperor's court, where the Cardinal had for some time been, to conduct him into England. They came to Bruxelles on the 11th day; and returned home with the Cardinal unto Westminster the 24th. 157 And to make the Cardinal's return look the greater, a A congra- certain oration was now printed by Cawode, the Queen's tulatory . r . J ' ^ oration printer, Pro mstauratione Reip. Anghrum, proque reditu printed. reverendiss. ac illustj'iss. domini Reginaldi Poll; autore Jodoco Harchio Montensi : beginning, Etsi, P. C. mea in diccndo irtfantia, &c. An account of this oration is set N°. XX. down at large in the Catalogue. Royal li- The new King and Queen, alike minded for the rein- granted to statm g *& tne P°P e an d his religion in this land, patronized "cardinal the Cardinal and his errand. Therefore, before he arrived, hi°s legatiM ^ey P re P are d f° r him, and on the 10th of November, in power. the 1st and 2d of their reigns, issued out letters patents for the complete exercising of his legatine jurisdiction, and for the subjects application to him for his faculties, as they might have done in the 20th of Henry VIII. And thus the said letters ran : The letters " Philip and Mary, &c. Wheras it hath pleased our Regist. Car. " most no ^y father the Pope Julius III. to send unto us, and Poli - " this our realm, and the dominions of the same, the most " reverend Father in God, and our most trusty and dearest " cousin Reynold Cardinal Pole, his legate de latere, " with certain authorities of jurisdiction, graces, faculties, UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 249 " and dispensations, to be ministred, exercised, and graunted CHAP. " by authority of our said holy Father ; We calling to our. remembrance, and understanding the good purpose and Ant >° *554. " intent of our said cousin his most honourable legation, " and that the same is most beneficial, and for the spiritual " solace and consolation of us and our said subjects, whose " good order, and right walking in the law of God, and our " holy mother Church, we much desire ; and therefore are " most glad of the access and repair of our said most dear " cousin unto us, and this our realm, with the said au- " thority of jurisdiction from our said holy Father: and " for the better declaration therof, We do, by these our " letters patents, signify unto all our loving subjects, as " well spiritual as temporal, that we are pleased and con- " tented, that they shal make suits and requests to our said " dearest cousin and his officers and ministers, to obtain " such graces, faculties, and dispensations, as they shall have u need of: and the same so obtained, to use and put in " execution, according to the nature and quality therof, " and according as they might have don, the twentieth year " of our most dear father of famous memory Henry VIII. " Wherfore, We wil and command al and singular our " loving subjects, to receive, honour, and obey the said au- M thority, in such cases of spiritual jurisdiction for refourm- " ance of their souls, as in the time of the said twentieth " year of the reign of our said father K. Henry VIII. was, " or with his consent might have been, used and executed in " this realm, &c. Dated 10 Novemb. in the first and " second years of our reign. 11 I choose to give the account of the Cardinal's mission The effect and entrance into England, and his business, and the effect !J: th ,f Car " ° / dinal's nns- of it, in the words, and with the descant of one who lived sion. in those times, in a Paul's Cross sermon. "About the se ° rn " on ° xs " beginning of Queen Mary's reign, anno 1554, there was a a * Paul's " message sent, not from heaven, but from Rome ; not from Good " God, but from the Pope ; not by an Apostle, but by a Frida >'> " certain Cardinal, who was called Cardinal Pool legat « i to 250 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL CHAP. " latere y legatus natus, sent from the Pope's own white " side hither into England. This Cardinal Legate first Anno 1554." coming to Dover, was honourably received, and brought " to Greenwich : where he again being more honourably " received by lords of high estate, and of the Privy Council, " was conducted from thence to the privy stairs of the " Queen's court at Westminster, no less person than King " Philip himself waiting upon him and receiving him : and " so was brought to the Queen's great chamber, she then " being, or pretending not to be well at ease. Steven Gar- " diner, the bishop of Winchester, and lord chancellor of " England, receiving this noble Legate in the King and " Queen's behalf, to recommend and set forth the autho- " rity of this Legate, the greatness of his message, and the " supreme majesty of the sender, before the public audi- " ence of the whole Parliament at that time assembled, " there openly protested with great solemnity of words, " Avhat a mighty message, and of what great importance, " was then brought into the realm : even the greatest mes- " sage, said he, that ever came into England ; and there- " fore desired them to give attentive and inclinable ears to " such a famous legation, sent from so high authority. " Well, and what message was this? Forsooth, that the " realm of England should be reconciled again unto their " father, the Pope. That is to say, the Queen, with all her " nobility and sage Council, with so many learned prelates, " discrete lawyers, worthy commons, and the whole body " of the realm of England, should captive themselves, and " become underlings to an Italian stranger and friarly " priest sitting at Rome ; which never knew England, never " was here ; never did, nor never shall do England good. " And this, forsooth, said Gardiner, was the greatest am- u bassage, the weightiest legacy, that ever came to England : " forgetting, belike, either the message sent here by the " Apostles to us, or else, because he saw it made not so " much to his purpose as did the other, he made the less " account thereof. Well then, and well we see, what a " weighty message this was which Gardiner so exquisitely
UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 251 " commended. First, the sender is gone, the messenger is CHAP. " gone, the Queen is gone, and the message gone: and yet. ' " England standeth not a rush the better. Of which mes- Anno 1554. " sage I thus say, answering again to Gardiner, per inver- " sionem rhetoricam, that as he saith it was the greatest, " so I say again it was the lightest legacy, the most ridicu- " lous trifle, and most miserable message of all other that " ever came or ever shall come into England, none ex- f* cepted ; for us to be reconciled to an outlandish priest, to " submit our necks under a foreign yoke : what have we " to do more with him than with the great Calipha at Da- " mascus ? If reconciliation ought to follow, what offences " have risen ? The Pope hath offended us more than his " coffers are able to make us amends : we never offended " him. But let the Pope with his reconciliation and legates " go, as they are already gone, God be thanked. 11 And this was the real sense of a great many (if not the most) in those times, when these things were transacting, though they dared not then so plainly express it. But proceed we. Now then came another Parliament together in Nov. 10, ThePariia- or, according to Rastal, the 11th, or Stow, the 12th: at which a great deal of weighty work was to be done. The Cardi- nal was to be received by the realm in much state and re- verence, and he to reconcile it to the Pope. In this Parlia- ment was a remarkable act made, repealing all King Henry's statutes, articles, and provisions made against the see apostolic 1 59 of Rome, since the 20th year of his reign. This affront offered An act of by the Queen to her father, was interpreted by some in Henry's ' those times, as having a further reach, namely, to have him sta tutes, reputed as an heretic, and so to take what followed, that is, the Pope, burning. For thus did a reverend and eminent bishop in Ponet a- those days write: " The proceedings of that Parliament, f^ 1 " 8 " wherein all her father's doings in religion were condemned, " seemed to confirm what Martin [in his book against priests 1 " marriage] said, that all the heresies in King Edward's " days proceeded from the Queen's father. And if so, he " was to be condemned with the rest of the Protestants. " Wherefore, it was to be thought, seeing Almighty God
252 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL CHAP. " had suffered some of them to suffer martyrdom by fire, " by bloody persecution, and the tyranny of the Pope's Anno 1554. " laws, and torments for professing the truth of God's word, " that now the body of that noble Prince the Queen's father, " because he was the beginner of all this, and the continuer " of it twenty-five years, as the proceeding of that Parlia- " ment seemed to pronounce, should be taken up at Wind- " sor, and burnt as WicklifPs was." This writing of this author, no question, proceeded from some strong hints he had heard of such a design among the Papists. church Another branch of this act was, for the establishment of nated, con- °" spiritual and ecclesiastical possessions and hereditaments, firmed to that had been conveyed to the laity. From the fears in the the present . • J possessors, people s minds, that if these church-lands should be required to revert again to the religious houses, to the bishops, to the chantries, &c. might happen a great confusion, and imminent danger might accrue to the new settled Popish religion. Therefore it was enacted, that the said lands should be confirmed to the present possessors : a formal ad- dress having been made from the bishops and clergy of the province of Canterbury, assembled in convocation, unto King Philip and Queen Mary, that they would make inter- cession to Pole the Pope's legate, to dispense in this matter : which he, by his plenary power legatine, graciously did. The address of the said convocation, (wherein, by the way, it may be observed, that they in whose hands these church- lands came, are not called possessors, but detainers,) and the dispensation of the said Legate, may be found exemplified
church re- chief negotiations, and the address of the convocation con- venues alie- tained some other things besides that which concerned ec- clesiastical goods, I shall at large set down this affair. In the synod this session of Parliament, among other things that were done, this was one, (and done out of good policy to keep the people quiet, and to make them the more patient to receive Popery again,) namely, to address to the UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 253 King and Queen, that they would intercede with the Legate, CHAP, that according to the faculties to him granted by Pope XIX.
Julius III. the detainers, as they styled the possessors of Anno 1554. church goods, might have the favour to have the same granted and released to them : though they of the clergy, who moved for this, were the defenders and overseers of the church's goods, jurisdiction, and rights, lost in the late pernicious schism of the kingdom, which they ought there- fore, with all their care and power, to recover and restore by the remedies of law. But they had maturely considered and debated thereupon, and did think, that the recovery 160 thereof was difficult, and, in effect, impossible ; and that, by reason of the manifold and inextricable contracts and dispo- sitions made of them, if it should be attempted, the quiet and tranquillity of the kingdom, and the unity of the Catho- lic Church now newly restored, would be endangered. And therefore they preferred the public good before their pri- vate, peace and tranquillity before discords and disturbances, and the salvation of souls before earthly goods.
jesties, that the matters pertaining to their jurisdiction and ^/Jjjf 1011 ecclesiastical liberty, without which they could not exercise church's their pastoral office and cure of souls, taken away from junsdlctl0n - them by the injury of the late times, might be restored to them, and that all the laws that deprived them of their said jurisdiction and liberty might be abrogated; assuredly hoping, their Majesties would never be wanting to the ne- cessities and commodities of the Church, especially of those that had the cure of souls, but as occasion served would consult and provide for them.
ment petitioned the King and Queen, shewing, how by the Sf «£" late pernicious schism some bishoprics had been divided, the same and out of these some inferior churches were erected into miport * cathedrals, and schools and hospitals founded, and many dispensations and provisions of benefices made; and how that many persons, who were persuaded that the law ca- nonical had no longer place in this realm, had contracted 254 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL CHAP, marriage within the degrees of consanguinity and affinity, prohibited by law ; and that many judiciary acts and pro- Anno 1554. cesses were had and kept upon spiritual and ecclesiastical matters, before judges that proceeded by a lay authority, and sentences given upon them ; and that ecclesiastical goods were occupied and taken by divers persons ; which, although by the appointment of the holy canons it might be declared null and void, yet if these goods should be put into another state than that in which they were, the public peace and quiet might be disturbed, and a great confusion arise, especially if the possessors of the said goods were mo- lested : therefore, they humbly prayed their Majesties to in- tercede with the Legate to provide by the apostolical be- nignity, for the confirmation and establishment of the fore- said matters, and so, together with that, for the quiet and tranquillity of the kingdom. The King At the motion of the said address and petition, their Ma- fntercede* jesties did accordingly intercede with the Legate ; exhibiting with the ^0 hi m a bill f intercession, with other supplications. The Le- Whereupon the Legate (by whose device, I suppose, this
all these favours following : I. Absolving all, to whom the underwritten should come, from sentence of excommunica- tion, suspension, and interdict, or any other ecclesiastical censures, that had been, upon any occasion or cause, in- flicted. II. Dispensing, that all and singular erections of cathedral churches, founding of hospitals and schools in the time of schism, however the said erections and founda- tions were null before, should remain ever firm in the same state as before ; adding to them the strength of apostolical firmness, on condition the said works should be esteemed, not to be done by the former authority, but by this which the Lord Legate now had granted them. III. Dispensing l6l with all and singular persons that had contracted matrimony, knowingly or ignorantly, in any degree of consanguinity and affinity, or in other impediments, wherein the Pope had accustomed to dispense : that notwithstanding any of these impediments, they might remain lawfully in the same matri- UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 255 inony so contracted, or contract anew; and decreeing the CHAP. issue to be lawful. Yet so, that whosoever had knowingly XIX> and maliciously contracted, should obtain absolution from Anno 1554. the sentence of excommunication, or from the guilt of incest, by his ordinary, or the curate, to whom a faculty was granted for that purpose. IV. And all ecclesiastical persons, secular or regular, who had obtained any grants, dispensa- tions, concessions, indulgences, as well orders as ecclesiasti- cal benefices, or other spiritual things, by the pretensed au- thority of the supremacy, (such being come to a sound mind, and restored to the unity of the Church,) receiving and dispensing with them in their orders and benefices, as many had already received. V. Confirming all processes in any instances before any Judges, as well ordinary as dele- gate, though laics, had and framed upon spiritual matters, and the sentences given upon them, though null, arising only by defect of jurisdiction. VI. Remitting and relaxing to all persons, to those whose hands ecclesiastical goods have come, all the fruits and profits from the same taken, how- ever unduly. Willing and decreeing, that the possessors of the said goods, moveable and immoveable, might not, either now or hereafter, be molested and disturbed for the same, either by virtue of the disposition of general councils or provincial, or by decretal epistles of Popes, or by any other ecclesiastical censure ; nor that any censures or punishments be inflicted on them for the detaining or not restoring thereof.
cathedral churches were of the greater causes, which were reserved for the Pope himself, the Legate admonished those it concerned, to have recourse to his Holiness, and humbly to petition him to confirm these, and to do all anew. He also admonished those that he had relaxed, for the goods of the Church which they possessed, that they should have before their eyes the severity of God 1 s judgment against Belshazzar ; who turned the sacred vessels which his father, not he, had taken from God's temple, to profane uses; and to restore them to their proper churches: exhorting
256 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL CHAP, them moreover, that, not being unmindful of their salvation, _ they would at least take care of this, that a maintenance out Anno 1 554. of ecclesiastic goods might be provided for ministers, and other cathedral and inferior churches, exercising the cure of souls ; that pastors, parsons, and vicars might be con- veniently and honestly sustained, according to their states and qualities, and laudably exercise their cures, and support the burdens incumbent on them. This dispensation was dated from Lambeth, the 24th of December. Fox, p. -phe t ru th i s the bottom of all this indulgence was, that 1345 by this grant of the Pope, the Parliament might give him an equivalent ; that is, to restore him his supremacy and authority again in this Church and realm. For in the very beginning of December, the Parliament sent a post to Rome, acquainting the Pope plainly, that neither the Lords nor Commons would grant any thing in his behalf, until he would confirm to them their purchases, and settle their sales l62 of abbey lands and chantries. And this was the bargain that was driven between them. Sir William Sir William Petre, secretary of state, did not, it seems, Petre's think the aforesaid act of Parliament strong enough to se- firmed by a cure his lands that he had purchased and procured, formerly Pope's bull, belonging to certain monasteries : but cautiously got them confirmed by Pope Paul IV. the next year, viz. 1555 : whose bull he obtained. An exemplification whereof is in the third volume of the Monasticon Anglicanum, at the very end : wherein are mentioned all the several manors and lands bought by the said Petre; and the divers mo- nasteries or bishoprics to which they had appertained. As, Ging ad Petram, or Ging Abbatista?, or Ingatston in Essex ; being a member or parcel formerly of the monastery of the nuns of Barking ; the yearly rent amounting to 46/. which he bought of the King for 849/- Hawly farm, or Hawly barns; the manor of Crowdon, parcel of the church and bishopric of London, together with the park there. The rest is too long to set down. All these lands, which, as the bull expressed, Petre was ready to assign and demise to spiritual uses, the Pope, pro potiori cautela specialiter et ex- UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 257 presse approbat et confirmat, as the words were. This mat- CHAP, ter will be taken notice of under the next year. The public acts of this Parliament may be seen in our Anno 1554. statute books ; the private acts were, Private acts.
Pate and Peto. An act for the confirmation of the attainder of the late Duke of Suffolk. This Pate had lived abroad many years, and had long p a te bi- been attainted under Kino; Henry VIII. for taking; the shop af Wi " ° -' ° gorn. bishopric of Worcester from the Pope. He had holden a secret correspondence with the Pope, and was excepted out of the last general pardon under King Edward VI. But now his attaint was taken off, and he restored to his see of Worcester, long since bestowed on him by the Pope, but never enjoyed till now. Peto, whose Christian name is sometime called Peter, but Peto. more truly William, was a monk, and great stickler for Yüklə 12,09 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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