Search York

Walbrook, up Budge-row and Watling-street, and so to

Paul's again. The processioners were all the children of

Paul's school and of the hospital of Christ's Chm-ch, the

Bishop, my Lord Mayor and Aldermen, all the crafts, with

the clerks and priests singing.
On the same day, a man was set on the pillory, for hurt-

ing one of the six men that were sworn ; who was like to

have been slain. Upon which occasion the church of St.

Dunstan's in the East was suspended ; the thing, it seems,

having been done in that church. These six men were

certain persons to that number, in every parish throughout

Bishop Boner's diocese, and especially in London, that were

sworn to make faithful presentment of all in their respective

parishes that failed in any of the thirty-seven articles, set

forth by that Bishop in his late visitation.

The 16th day was the weaver, named Tomkins, dwell-

ing in Shoreditch, burnt in Smithfield for heresy, by eight

of the clock in the morning.

211 On the 18th were Mr. Bows, Mr. Cut, Mr. Hind, and

One pil

lortzed.

The six

men.

Tomkins

burnt.

UNDER QUEEN MARY I.

divers others, brought out of Cambridgeshire to the Tower, CHAP,

for a new conspiracy, which should have been done in Suf- .

folk and other places. Anno ] 554 -

The 19th, in the morning, the King run at the tilt against racy .

other Spaniards, and brake four staves by eight of the The King

clock.
The 20th, the Earl of Bedford, lord privy seal, dying at Earl of

his house beside the Savoy, was carried to his burying into b ur i e d.

the country, to a place of his called Cheynes, with three

hundred horse all in black. He was carried with three

crosses, and many clerks and priests, till they came up the

hill above St. James's ; and then returned certain of them

home again. And they had torches and arms, and money

given them. And after, every man sat in array on horse-

back. First, one rid in black, bearing a cross of silver,

and certain priests on horseback wearing their surplices:

then came the standard : then all the gentlemen and head

officers : then came heralds, one bearing his helmet, and the

mantles, and the crest ; another his banner of arms, another

his target with his garter, another his coat armour, and

another his sword; and then Mr. Garter in his rich coat

armour: then came the chariot with six bannerols, and

about the chariot four banners of images : and, after the

chariot, a great horse trapped in cloth of gold, with his

saddle of the same : then followed mourners ; the chief

whereof was the Lord Russel, his son, and after, my Lord

Treasurer, and the Master of the Horse, and divers other

noblemen, all in black. And every town they passed through,

the clerks and priests met them with crosses. And to every

of those parishes were given four nobles for the poor, and

ten shillings to the respective priests and clerks, till he

came to his place at Cheynes. And the morrow after he

was buried, with a great dole of money, when the Dean of

St. Paul's made a godly sermon. All was ended with a

great dinner, and great plenty to all the country about, that

would come thither.

The five and twentieth day of March, being one of the A great

chief days dedicated to the blessed Virgin, were as great court *

336 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAP, justs at the tilt at Westminster as had ever been seen there.

. The challengers were a Spaniard and Sir George Howard :

Anno 1554. an( j a n their men and horses trimmed in white. Then came

the King and a great many all in blue, and trimmed in yel-

low : and their helmets with great tufts of blue and yellow

feathers: and all their whifflers, and their footmen, and

their armourers. And a company like Turks rode in crim-

son satin gowns and caps, with fauchions and great targets.

And some were habited in green : and many in clivers co-

lours. There were broken two hundred staves and up-

wards.

The Queen March the 28th, the Queen this day calling to her the

church Lord Marquis of Winchester, lord treasurer, Sir Robert

lands. Rochester, comptroller of her household, Sir William Petre,

secretary of state, and Sir Francis Englefield, master of the

wards, told them, that her conscience not serving her to de-

tain the church lands and those of religious houses, having

been taken away in the time of the schism, and by unlawful

means, did freely surrender them all that were in her hands

and possession : and that order might be taken in them as

it seemed good to the holy father the Pope, or his legate,

the Lord Cardinal. And she gave her commands to them

accordingly, to repair with the Lord Chancellor to the said

Cardinal to consult further about it.

212 The 4th day of April, the King and Queen removed

A P ril - unto Hampton Court, to keep Easter there. And her

and Queen Grace to keep her chamber there, in order to her supposed

remove to lying-in, which was to be about Easter. Now the Queen

Court. " seemed to be in better humour, and as though she were

willing to be in charity with all, especially with her rela-

tions, before the time of her travail, she sent for the Earl

of Devonshire, and about Easter the Lady Elizabeth, from

both their confinements, to her at Hampton Court. After-

wards the Earl travelled into Italy, and the Lady Eliza-

beth removed from her prison of Woodstock to her own

house, but under guard, and compelled to have mass said

in her family.

The 14th day, which was Easter-day, at St. Margaret's

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 337

church at Westminster, after the mass was done, one of the CHAP,

ministers, a priest of the abbey, named Sir John Cheltam,

did help him that ministered to the people, who were re- Anno1554 -

ceiving of the sacrament ; when there came into the church 0uewoun© a priest at
a man that had been a monk of Ely, then married, and had mass,

his wife the same day there, who said to the minister, What

dost thou give them? And as soon as he had spoken it, he

drew his wood-knife, and hit the priest on the head, and

cut him a great blow ; and then ran after him and struck

him on the hand, and cleft his hand a great way, and after

gave him a great wound on the arm : which occasioned a

very loud cry and shout. The church hereby became pol-

luted, and the people went to another church to receive the

sacrament. He was presently taken and carried to the pri-

son of the Gate-house, and loaden with chains.
The 15th day, a letter was directed to Sir Michael Hare Order from

and Sir Thomas Cornwalys, from the Council, willing them

to examine Mr. Flower, alias Branch, (for that was his name him -

that had wounded the priest,) what he meant to wear about

his neck, Deum time, idolum fuge, and whom he knew else

to wear the like ? Praying them also to speak to Boner, bi-

shop of London, speedily to proceed against him for his

religion according to the laws: and that the justices of

peace of Middlesex should likewise proceed against him, for

shedding of blood in the church, according to the statute :

so, as if he continue his opinion, he might be executed at

the furthest by the latter end of this week : and that his

right hand be, the day before his execution, or the same

day, stricken off, according to a law for striking in the

church.

concerning

VOL. III.

338 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAP. XXVII.

Orders to the justices. Various matters in the Church and

State, happening 1 in the months of March, April, May,

and June. The Popish Bishops' 1 diligence. Deprivations.

Pope Julius's bull.

Anno 1555. J-N the very beginning of this year 1555, the justices in the

Instructions se veral counties had their charges given them from the King

sent to the , „ ¦. . ,. . ° , „,
justices. and (*)ueen : and special instructions were sent to them. Hie

pretence was, for the preserving peace among the subjects,

and for crushing uproars and mutinies that might arise : of

213 which the State was not without fears and jealousies, at this

time of the year especially. But the main design indeed

was to drive on Papal religion ; and in the mean while to

secure the regretting people from rising, which the rigours

and persecutions exercised upon them might provoke them

to. What those instructions were, we understand from an

original copy of them preserved in the Cotton library, which

was sent to the justices of Norfolk, entitled, An Order pre-

scribed by the King and Queen unto the Justices, Jbr the

good government of' their Majesties' 1 loving subjects. The

like to which was sent, it seems, to every county in England,

signed on the top both with Philip and Mary's hands. The

main of this instrument tended to the suppression of reli-

Coiiect. of gion. It being exemplified in Bishop Burnet's History of

Rec - the Reformation, I shall not here set it down : only in brief,

The con- " The justices were required to meet and consult together,

thereof. " ^y what means good order and quietness might be best

" continued. That particular limits and divisions in the

" respective counties should be allotted to each justice to

" have a more special inspection and care of. And whereas

" preachers were, and should be sent down into the several

" counties to preach Catholic doctrine to the people, the

"justices to be aiding and assisting unto them; and to be

" themselves present at their sermons. As for such as came

" not to church, nor conformed themselves, to travail so-

" berly with them ; and with the wilful and obstinate to

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 339

" deal more roundly, that is, by rebuking them, binding CHAP.

" them to the good a-bearing, or sending them to prison.

" For the preachers and teachers of heresy, and procurers Anno 1555.

" of secret meetings for that purpose, special wait must be
" laid : that the justices themselves, with their families, must,
" especially, shew good example herein. The spreaders of
" false tales and seditious rumours to be searched for, and,
" when found, to be apprehended and punished. Some one
" or more men in every parish to be secretly instructed to
" mve information of the behaviour of the inhabitants; to
" charge the constables, and four or more of the more ho-
" nest and Catholic sort of every parish, with the order of
" the said parish : to whom idle persons and vagabonds
" should be bound to give an account how they live, and
" where they are from time to time.' 1 [The better to clear
the country of such well-disposed persons, that in these
days went from place to place, to confirm the brethren, to
hold religious meetings with them, or to disperse good books
among them.] " Earnest regard to be had by the said jus-
" tices to the execution of the statutes against rebellion, va-
" gabonds, retainers, &c. and for keeping the statutes of
f hue and cry: and watches to begin the 20th of April.
" As soon as any offenders for murder, felony, or other of-
" fences were taken, the matters forthwith to be examined
" and ordered by the justices, according to a commission of
" Oyer and Terminer sent to them. And the justices to
" meet at least once a month. 11
So that these instructions, to make round work, were Their Ma-
111.1 •• 1 i 1 jesties' corn-
backed with a commission to the justices to near ana pu- niiss j on and
nish : as they were also with letters from the King and letter t0 the
. ... justices.
Queen, to provoke and excite them to diligence in these

severe orders : which, because it is omitted in the History

of the Reformation, I shall insert.
" By the King and Quene. 214
" Philip R. Mary the Quene.

" Trusty and welbeloved, we grete you wel. And where Titus, b.

" of late time, partly for the want of the fear of God in p ' 115,
z 2

340 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAP. " mens hearts, and partly also for lack of good order and

"due execution of the laws, the common sort of people

Anno 1 555. a w ithin this our realm have grown into such liberty and

" insolence, as they have not lett, at sundry times, to at-

" tempt diverse stirs and rebellions, contrary to their duties

" of allegiance, to the great trouble and disquiet of us and

" our whole realm : we therfore, remembring that the time

" of the year is now at hand, wherin these disorders are

" wont to be most dangerous, and be therfore the rather

" necessary to be foreseen and avoided in time : and consi-

" dering therewithal, that a great part, or rather the whole

" remedy of these inconveniencies, resteth in you, unto

" whom, as to persons of most trust in those parts, the

" order and government of that county is committed ;

" have thought good to put you in remembrance hereof,

" to the intent yee may the rather have regard unto the

" charge commited unto you : which we require you and

" command you to do, in such diligent sort as may be an-

" swerable to the trust reposed in you : bending your whole

" study and industry to the conservation of the peace, and

" doing of justice. And for that purpose, not only to se the

" instructions herewith sent you diligently observed and exe-

" cuted in every point, but also to devise such further order

" for the good quiet of the country, as ye shal se convenient.

" And to the intent that such as ye shal find to be mani-

" fest offenders of the law, may not pass long unpunished,

" we send unto you also herewith our commissions of Oyer

" and Terminer: which, with the rest of the authority and

" charge committed presently unto you, we require you to

" use in such sort, as may be answerable to the good opi-

" nion we have conceived of you, and serve to encourage

" our faithful and loving subjects to go forward in their

" weldoings, and fear the lewd and disordered sort from

" attempting of the contrary. Yeven under our signet, at

" our palace at Westminster, the xxviith of March, in

" the first and second year of our reign. 11
To this order must be attributed in great measure the

bloody year and years ensuing.

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 341

The 17th, being Wednesday in Easter-week, and the CHAP,

morrow after, was dirige and mass said, and ringing, for XXVI1 -

Pope Julius, the third of that name, deceased, and for all Anno 1555.

Christian souls. This was by commandment from the Bi_ T « e °bse-
•' quies ot
shop of London; who had received order, April 10, by let- Pope Julius.

ter from the Lord Chancellor, that it was the King and

Queen's pleasure that obsequies should be celebrated

throughout the realm, for the funerals of the said holy

father. And there were Latin prayers composed, appointed

to be said in the mass on this occasion; which the said

Lord Chancellor sent the Bishop, to be communicated to

all dioceses: which prayers may be found in Fox. p. 1417.

The 20th of the aforesaid month of April, was Flower Flower con-

arraigned at Paul's, afore the Bishop of London, the Lord cemne "

Chief Justice, the Lord Mayor and Sheriffs, and many

others. There was then made a good sermon. Afterwards 215

he was cast, and condemned to have the hand that hurt the

priest cut off, ere he should suffer death as an heretic:

after was degraded ; and after carried to Newgate.
On the 22d day, being St. George's day, at Hampton Procession

Court, the King, (about whom waited the heralds,) wi^Ge 0r » e « s

other lords and knights of the Garter, went in their day-

robes on procession, with three crosses, and with clerks and

priests, and the Lord Chancellor, the chief minister, mitred :

and all they in copes of cloth of gold and tissue, singing

Salve jesta dies. As they went about, the Queen looked

out of a casement, that hundreds did see her, after she had

taken her chamber.
The same day, a letter was sent from the Council to the Orders for

justices of peace of Middlesex, with a writ for the execution j^ 6 *^ 011 "

of Flower, commanding to see his hand stricken off before Flower.

his burning.

And on the 24th, he had his hand stricken off, at the Executed,

post to which he was bound to be burnt. And after, he

was burnt there against St. Margaret's church, without the

churchyard, in the place called the sanctuary. This act

of Flower's gave great offence to the professors of religion,

who were mightily astonished at it ; and one of them, named

z 3

342 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CM Al\ Robert Smith, then a prisoner for religion in Newgate, came

J !_to him to confer with him about this deed. And Flower

Anno j 555. ^d then declare it to be naught, and wished he had not

done it, and yet pretended some great impulse of the Spirit

to have been then upon him, to do what he did : and to

Bishop Boner he signified his desire that the law for cut-

ting off his hand might be executed against him. It ag-

gravated his crime in the minds of the people, that the cha-

lice in the priest's hand, with some consecrated host there-

in, were sprinkled with his blood.

s,.me exe- The wealth of the Spaniards tempted the English : but

robbing they paid for it. For on the 26th of April three men were

Spaniards. carr i e d from the Marshalsea in a cart through London, unto

the gallows in Charing-cross, and there hanged, for robbing

of certain Spaniards of a treasure of gold, out of the abbey

of Westminster.

One of On the 29th of the same month, one of the three that

four days, robbed the Spaniards of their gold, having hung four days,

Buried un- was now cut down, and buried under the gallows. He,

gallows. whose name was Tooly, though but a poulterer's servant,

was hanged in a gown of tawny frieze, and a doublet of

tawny taffeta, and a pair of fine hose lined with sarcenet :

which apparel perhaps was purchased with a part of the

spoil. This man's ignominy was more than his fellows, be-

cause it seems upon the cart he declared his mind freely

against Popery, which they called, railing against the Pope

and the mass. Indeed he then used King Henry's Litany ;

" From the Bishop of Rome, and all his detestable enormi-

" ties, 11 &c. But this was not all the punishment inflicted

And after, upon the dead body; for on the 7th of next month he was

burnt. taken up out of his grave where he lay beside the gallows,

and burnt there in the morning for an heretic. But first

he underwent a solemn citation and trial, and excommuni-

cation, and sentence, and delivery over to the secular power

and the Sheriff of Middlesex to see execution done. All

P. 1438. which is related at large by Mr. Fox.

Report of xhe 30th of the said month of April, tidings came to

the Queen's , _ , .. i .- ¦ ran
delivery of London, that the Queen was delivered of a prince. Wnere^
a prime.

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 343

upon was great ringing of bells through the city, and in CHAP.

divers places Tc Deum laiidamits sung. I transcribe this

from the journal of one that lived in those days, and a well- Anno 1555.

wilier to the Queens great belly. " And the morrow after 2 lo
" (as he goes on) it was turned otherwise to the-pleasure of F ' * IUS '
" God. But it shall be when it shall please God. For I
" trust, that he will remember his true servants [the Pa-
" pists] that put their trust in him, when they call on him*
But that such a current report should fly through London,
so near the Court, and produce all those shews of public
joy and gladness, and remain uncontrolled for a whole day,
this seems to have risen designedly from the court upon
some State policy: which however was thought fit to be
revoked the next day, perhaps by the disallowance of the
King. But the Queen's great belly went on still, and was
not so to be laid aside, as we shall hear in the next month.
And this may go only for a misreckoning.
In the Lady Elizabeth's family were some who stuck to A servant

the true religion: which may give ground for a conjecture Elizabeth's

how that lady stood affected, though she had mass in her committed
. for religion
house, being so enjoined her ; particularly one who she re- 10 the Mar-

tained about her, named Robert Horneby, was of such ear- shakea -

nest religion, that the report of it came to the Council, per-

haps by refusing to be present at mass. Whereby he was

brought before the said Council in the month of April, and

both persuaded and threatened to submit himself to the

present establishment of religion. But standing firmly to

the truth, they committed him, April the 29th, to the Mar-

shal sea.
May the 2d, three persons, for their abominable living, May.

were carted through the city : viz. a gentleman named Mr. ^^ca'ited.

Manwaring, and a goldsmith's wife, and another tradesman's

wife living in Cheapside. It was proclaimed why they were

thus served ; namely, for living in bawdry and whoredom,

and having been divers times taken in it. They rid from

Guildhall to Cheapside, and so through Newgate, and

through Smithfield, and back again to the standard in

z 4

34-4 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAP. Cheap, where the proclamation of their unclean living was

XXVII
made ; and so along the city eastward out of Aldgate.

Anno 1555. One Pigot having been burnt, March the 28th last past,

bend some at Branktree in Essex, for adhering to the true religion,

that carried a nd disavowing transubstantiation, some persons had got

martyr's ms bones, and made it their practice to carry them about

bones. to snew them the people : not that they should serve for

relics to be worshipped, but by the sight of them to excite the

professors to constancy to the death, after Pigot's example.