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The tidings of this odd practice came to the court : which

occasioned a letter from the Council, dated May the 3d, to

two justices of the peace of Suffolk, viz. George Colt and

Thomas Daniel, to make search for two persons, named

Barnard and Walsh, who used to do this at Sudbury ; and,

upon examination, to commit them to further ordering ac-

cording to the laws.

One pre- May the 10th, a young man was brought unto the Coun-

tends to be J i • •
King Ed- cil at Hampton Court, who said he was King Edward VI.
ward vi. jj e was nere examined how he durst be so bold to assume

so much to himself: and was afterwards delivered to the

marshal, and conveyed to the Marshalsea, there to abide

the Council's pleasure.

Procession. May the 15th, was a general procession from Paul's unto

Leadenhall-street, and down Gracechurch-street ; and then

turning down Eastcheap, and so to Paul's again. Before,

217 there went two hundred poor men, with beads in their

hands, and three hundred poor women, two and two toge-

ther; two men and two women out of a parish. After

walked all the men children of the hospital, and after them

the children of St. Anthony's school ; then all the children

of Paul's, and all their masters and ushers. Then all the

priests and clerks, and the Bishop, the Lord Mayor and Al-

dermen, and all the crafts of London in their liveries. The

same time, as they were going the procession, came a frantic

man, as they passed along Cheapside, and hanged two pud-

dings about a priest. For which deed the poor man was

sufficiently tossed up and down, and punished : for he was

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 345

brought first before the Bishop, and after before the Mayor, CHAP,

and then at last sent to the Counter. '

The Earl of Winchester, lord treasurer, had lately signi- Anno l5 55.

fied to the Council at Hampton Court, that as, for the better fr o m er t s he

suppressing of heresies throughout England, the King and Queen to

Queen had newly sent their letters to all justices of the peace for prose . '

to take up all such suspected persons, and them to send to ^'°s he -

their respective diocesans, to bring them to the unity of the

Church, or execution ; so he held it advisable, that letters

also might be sent to the bishops, to excite them in the dis-

charge of their office in that behalf; wherein, it seems, they

were perceived to be too slack, or at least not vigorous

enough. This advice the Council approved of, and an-

swered, May the 16th, that order should be taken according

to his Lordship's request, and letters sent to the bishops.

The letters wrote to the justices, containing instructions to

them, were, among other things, " that for the good order

" and quiet government of the country about them, they

" should have a special regard to such disordered persons,

" as, forgetting their duty towards the King and Queen,

" did lean to any erroneous or heretical opinions, refusing

" to shew themselves conformable to the Catholic religion of

" Christ's Church. And that if they could not, by good

" admonition and fair means, reform them, they should de-

" liver them to the Ordinary, to be by him charitably tra-

" vailed with, to remove them from their naughty opinions :

" and if they continued obstinate, to be ordered according

" to the laws provided in that behalf. 11
The letters to the bishops, written soon after, in the name And to the

of the King and Queen, were monitory ; " That they had q^ening

" understood, to their no small marvel, that divers of these them.

" disordered persons that had been brought from the jus-

" tices to them, the bishops, were either refused to be received

" at their hands, or, if received, were neither so travailed with

" as Christian charity required, nor yet proceeded withal

" according to the order of justice, but suffered to continue

" in their errors, to the dishonour of Almighty God, and

" dangerous example of others. That like as they, the

346 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAP. " King and Queen, found this matter very strange, so they

" thought it convenient both to signify their knowledge

Anno 1555." thereof, and therewith also to admonish them to have in

" this behalf such regard henceforth to the office of good

" bishops, as when any such offenders should be, by the

" said officers or justices, brought unto them, to use their

" good wisdom and discretion, in procuring to remove them

" from their errors, or else to proceed against them accord-

" ing to the order of the laws."

Cardinal May the 18th, Cardinal Pole went over to Calais, accom-
Pole sroes ,
to Calais, panied, among others, with Sir William Cecyl, (whom he

218 seemed to delight in for his wisdom, policy, learning, and

good society.) Then went over also the Lord Chancellor,

the Earl of Arundel, and the Lord Paget; the intent of

whose journey was to treat with the commissioners of the

Emperor and the French King, and to hold a conference

with them, about composing a peace between the said Em-

peror and King. And on the 23d day, being Ascension-

day, all the commissioners met at Mark, a convenient place

lying between Calais, Arde, and Gravelyn : which commis-

sioners were, the said Cardinal for the Pope; the three

foresaid noblemen for the Queen of England ; and the Duke

of Medina Celi, Monsieur D 1 Arras, Conte de la Layne,

and Monsieur Beningcourt, President Viglio, President de

Malyns, Secretary Bab, for the Emperor ; and the Cardinal

of Lorain, the Duke of Montmorancie, the Bishop of Or-

leans, Morvillier, the Bishop of Vanes, Marilliac, Secretary

L'Obespyn, for the French. But all their pains came to

little effect.
Four con- On the 18th, four men appeared at St. Paul's, in the
heresy. consistory before the Bishop, being of the county of Essex,

and of the parish of Coggeshal. They were charged with

heresy : and were brought both in the forenoon and after-

noon that day, and condemned to be burnt for heretics;

and so carried to Newgate. Three of them were afterwards

burnt in several places in Essex ; viz. Osmond, Bamford,

and Chamberlain.
uuV'ofT Another imposture about this time was discovered : as

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 347

that an infant living near Paul's spake, and bade men pray, CHAP.
and said, that the kingdom of God was at hand. There '_
were two women especially that averred this, who, being Anno 1555.

discovered, were brought up at Paul's Cross, May the 19th, ^ spea "

to do penance for it, when Harpsfield preached ; standing

there before him, and declaring that it was false that they

had said before concerning the speaking of this child, and

bade all men take heed, how any man or woman gave be-

lief to any person which should tell them to the contrary.
On the same 19th day was a goodly procession, with all Procession,

the children of the hospital, and of all the schools in London.

On the 22d of this month, another impostor was pu-Anim-

nished, who affirmed himself to be sent from King Edward p015

VI. He was named William, sometime a lackey. He rode

in a cart from the Marshalsea through London unto West-

minster, and was brought into the hall ; where he had his

judgment to be whipped, because he said, he came as a mes-

senger from King Edward VI.
On the 25th were arraigned at St. Paul's for heresy, be- Divers ar-

fore the Bishop, Mr. Cardmaker, sometime vicar of St. \™f*l^ s °'

Bride's in Fleet-street; and one John Warren, an upholster and burnt.

by trade, but of the company of Clothworkers, dwelling

against St. John's in Walbrook ; and one of Colchester,

another of Great Wigborough in Essex, (Fox makes them

both of Great Wigborough,) named Simpson and Ardeley:

which were sentenced to be burnt : and so carried back to

Newgate. The two former were burnt in Smithfield, May

the 80th, Warren's wife being then in Newgate.

On the 26th was a gay May-game at St. Martin's in the May-game.

Fields, with giants and hobby horses, drums and guns,

morris-dances and other minstrels.
On the 27th was the clerks' procession from Guildhall The clerks'

college, where was as goodly a mass as had been heard. p,ocesslon '

Every clerk wore a cope and a garland. There were an219

hundred streamers borne, and the waits playing. They

marched round about Cheapside, and so to Leadenhall, unto

St. Elthelborough's church : and there they put off their

gear, and repaired to a dinner provided for them at Barbers'-

348

MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAP.

XXVII.
Anno 1555

A dispensa-

tion falsi-

fied.
Ambassa-

dors ap-

pointed for

foreign

princes,

when the

Queen

should be

brought to

bed.

CoDjurers

detected

and exa-

mined.

hall. In this procession the blessed sacrament was borne

about with torchlight.
On the 28th, Edward Cater of London, stationer, for

falsifying and razing of a dispensation granted by the Car-

dinal, was adjudged to be set on the pillory.
The Queen's great belly still went on, or it was resolved

it should go on ; .-and another reckoning was made for the

Queen's time of lying in. And that the good news of the

birth of the prince, when it should happen, might be car-

ried forthwith to foreign countries, ambassadors were ap-

pointed to be immediately ready to be despatched with the

news: as, the Lord Admiral to the Emperor, Lord Fitz-

water to the French King, and Sir Henry Sidney to the

King of the Romans, and Richard Shelly to the King of

Portugal ; and Dr. Wotton, ambassador lieger in France,

was sent to, to procure them free passage through that king-

dom. And certain sums of money were assigned to each

ambassador to defray the expences of their embassies. And,

May the 28th, a letter was ordered to be sent to the Lord

Treasurer, to make speedy preparation of the said sums, to

be ready for the ambassadors who were to carry the joyful

news of Queen Mary's good delivery to those princes.
In this month of May, certain persons, no good friends,

as it seems, to Queen Mary, had meetings together, to cal-

culate what should befall the Queen (perhaps) and her issue,

and used the unlawful arts of conjuring and witchcraft.

Their names were John Dye, Benger, Gary, and Field.

This was at length discovered unto the Council ; and Sir

Francis Englefield, by a letter from Hampton Court, dated

May the 28th, had order to make search for Dye in Lon-

don, and to apprehend him, and send him to the Council ;

and to search also for such papers and books as might touch

the same Dye, and also Benger. These were taken, and

brought under examination. And hereupon certain men,

June the 5th, were commission ated to proceed to further

examination of these conjurers, upon such points as they

should gather out of their former confessions, touching then-

lewd and vain practices. These commissioners were the

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 349

Lord North, Mr. Secretary Bourn, the Master of the Rolls, CHAP.

Sir Francis Englefield, Sir Richard Read, a judge, Dr. XXVI1,

Hughes, a civilian: to whom was added Sir John Tregon- Anno 1555.

wel, another civilian. I do not find any more of this mat-

ter, only that, August the 29th, Gary and Dye, or Dee,

were set at liberty upon bonds for their good abearing until

Christmas after.
In the beginning of the month of June were several June,

anniversary processions ; as, on the third day, that of the

fishmongers, from St. Peter's church in Cornhill unto Paul's,

with an hundred copes : where the Lord Mayor himself was

present. The procession of St. Clement's parish without

Temple-bar, set forth with a great many streamers and ban-

ners, and the waits of London, with crosses: and in the

midst of the crosses was borne the Spaniards cross of the

Savoy, being round, like to that hung over the sacrament,

of crimson velvet in embroidery rich. The clerks and

priests, in rich copes, to the number of an hundred, singing

Salve festa dies. There followed all the inns of court, and 220

after, all the parish, with white staves in their hands. This

was June the 4th ; and the same day was the Islington

procession, as gay almost as the former.
On the 10th day were delivered out of Newgate seven Seven more

men, to be carried into Essex and Suffolk, to suffer as he- burat>

retics the cruel death of burning.
On the 11th day, an hearse at St. Paul's, for the Queen The Queen

of Spain, the King's grandmother, began to be set up ; the obsequies!

which was the goodliest that ever was seen in England :

the bare frame whereof, the work of the carpenter, cost 151.

On the 17th it was finished, being placed above the choir, The hearse.

with nine principals garnished, and all the principals covered

with black velvet, and the majesty of taffeta, and the fringe

gold. And all the choir, and above the choir, and the sides,

and under foot, and the body of the church, hung with

black and arms ; together with thirty-six dozen of pensils

of silk, wrought with gold and silver, and sixteen bannerols

of arms, and four banners of white images, wrought with

fine gold. Over night was the dirge, and the next day the

350 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CFIAP. morrow's mass, when many mourners attended. The first

x \ v 1 1

1_ whereof was a stranger, then the Earl of Shrewsbury, the

Anno .555. Earl of Pembroke, the Lord Treasurer, Sir Richard South-

well, and many more, as well English as Spaniards; and

sevenscore of poor men, having new black gowns, all hold-

ing torches in their hands. And after mass, a great dinner

at the Bishop of London's place, with great plenty.

The Lord About the preparation for this solemnity, the Lord Trea-

totheBi- surer wrote thus unto the Bishop of London, June 7:

shop of « After my right harty commendations to your good Lord-

ai)out it. " ship, I shal not forget the livery of black against this

" time ; no more shal Master Dean, to whom I wrote to

" make the sermon, who must now assuredly do it, for my

" Lord of Chichester [viz. Day, who was then the great

" preacher among the bishops] cannot attend it, to whom I

" have given like knowledge by my letter now sent. And

" your Lordship must command your sextons of the church

" to be in a readiness of ringing in the time of service. And

" if ye be not furnished with black apparel for the altar,

" and for the priest, deacon, and sub-deacon, I must have

" knowledg therof, that it be taken of the Queen's stuff:

" wherof I pray you let me be advertised."

Disturb- In this month likewise a certain mutiny was attempted

Sussex. near Wadherst in Sussex, but speedily perceived, and stop-

ped.

The am- The King and Queen's ambassadors that went to Rome,
K 0me namely, the Bishop of Ely and Lord Mountague, having

coming obtained at length their despatch, took their journey home-

ward the 20th of this month of June.

A league This summer was a treaty and league between the King

England an d Queen, and the master of Maxwel, on the Scots side,

and Scot- Whereupon a proclamation was issued out under the great

seal, that all matters touching the Greams [who had made

great inroads, and done much spoil in Scotland] should be

heard and determined, according to justice, by the Earl of

Shrewsbury, president of the Council in the north, and about

The this time made lord lieutenant of the north. This house of
Greams. ^ Q reams na( \ lately humbly submitted themselves to the

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 351

Lord Dacres, one of the wardens of those marches; which CHAP,

he signified by letters to the Council : and they commanded

him, in his determinations with Scotland, to use them well Anno 1555.

and gently henceforth, in case their behaviour should de-221

serve the same; whereby they might the better continue

them in their duty of obedience, and by those means keep

those marches the rather in quiet and good order. The

Lord Dacres took surety of those Greams, to be answerable

to justice : but the master of Maxwel earnestly called upon

the said Lord for redress of the attemptates committed by

the Greams. The Earl of Shrewsbury was now gone down

about this business ; and the Lord Dacres was ordered in

the mean time to procure by fair means and gentle per-

suasions, to move the said Greams to agree to some reason-

able redress of the wrongs they had done to the Scots.

The middle marches were, about the month of June, a feud be-

committed to the Lord Wharton, a worthy and discreet ^ res ° nil

gentleman ; between whom and the Lord Dacres, another Lord Whar-

lord warden, was a great feud. The lords of the Council

heard of this, and fearing it might turn to the disservice of

the State, had interposed themselves between them, and

often had exhorted them earnestly to lay aside their animo-

sities for the public good. But malice was too deeply ri-

veted in their hearts, especially of the Lord Dacres, to

come to an amicable understanding; which occasioned the

Council to write once more to the said Lord to this tenor :

" We have so often and so earnestly written unto you, e liter.

" touching the good agreement and friendly joining toge- ^J^ ^'

'* ther of you and the Lord Wharton, that we are weary Ann.

" to persuade you any more in remembrance therof : and

" yet shal be very sory, if you for your part shal not shew

" your self as conformable to the King and Queen's Ma-

" jestics desire and ours herein, as we perceive the Lord

" Wharton for his part very honorably doth : who conti-

" nuing therin, as we doubt not he wil, cannot but deserve

" for that respect the praise of a good tractable gentleman,

" as we have good hope your Lordship wil on your behalf

352

MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAP.
XXVII.

Anno 1555

Bishop of

Bath and

Wells's pro'

ceedings

with his

clergy.

His com-

mission to

his vicar

general.

Regist.

Bourn.

222

" deserve the like." Thus gently did the Council now treat

this nobleman.

Now to look a little back, to shew further the endeavours

for resettling Popery.

The Popish Bishops were not wanting in their diligence

to restore in their dioceses the old abrogated superstitions,

and to turn all the clergy out of their benefices and livings,

that had in the former reign conformed to the religion then

settled, or that had taken wives ; and that in no small num-

bers. And this may soon be discovered by the course of

one of them, viz. Bourne, bishop of Bath and Wells : and

we shall shew from his register his commission to his vicar

general, and then the proceedings thereupon.
The commission was to John Cottrel, LL. D. his vicar

general, " to institute, induct, command, &c. And those

" that were intruded into ecclesiastical benefices, to remove,

" deprive, reform, correct, and punish, &c. Moreover, clerks

" and priests, as well regular and religious, as secular, who-

" soever, that were in holy orders, and keeping, in adulterous

" embraces, women, upon shew of feigned and pretensed ma-

" trimony ; and who had joined themselves unlawfully with

" the same women ; and broken and despised the vow of

" chastity, and had contracted matrimony, or more truly

" the effigies of matrimony, de facto, with women : also,

" married laics, who, in pretence and under colour of priestly

" orders, had rashly and unlawfully mingled themselves in

" ecclesiastical rights, [m jxiribns ecclesiasticis,~\ and had

" obtained de facto parochial churches, with, cure of souls,

" and ecclesiastical dignities, against the sacred sanctions of

" the canons and ecclesiastical rites ; to deprive and remove

" from the said churches and dignities. And those so con-

" victed, to separate and divorce from their women, or their

" wives, or rather their concubines ; and to enjoin salutary

" and worthy penances, as well to the same clerks as to the

" women, for such crimes,'''' &c. Dated the 8th of April,

1554.
Now to see briefly and in part what was done in obe-

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 353

clience to this commission. April the 11th, royal letters CHAP.
were written, to commit to prison, and to keep their bodies . "_
there, John More and Richard Brereton. Who these were, Anno 1555.

and what their crimes, I cannot tell : perhaps More might jj™"-. 1 "

be the suffragan of that name: but I find him in the be-sion, what

ginning of the next reign presented to the church of Chud- R^ist.

don Fitzpain. Bourn -
Roger Edgeworth, S.T.P. preferred, April the 30th, to

be chancellor of Wells, by the deprivation of John Tayler,

alias Cardmaker, who the next year was burnt at a stake

for his religion.

In May following, deprivations were executed upon all Man y are

these persons, viz. Thomas Day, from Yevelton; Robert

Keamys, from the prebend of Whitlakinton ; John Smith,

from the church of West Cammel. To which the Bishop

collated William Fynche, his suffragan; John Tayler, or

Cardmaker, from the prebend of Comb ; John Faber, from

the prebend of Timbercomb ; another, without name, de-

prived from the vicarage of Butleigh ; Thomas Gennyngs,

from Norton Pyntly; William Writheosly, from the pre-

bend of Lytton ; Nicholas Mason, from the church of Ched-

sey ; George Carew, from the prebend of Barton ; John
Best, deprived from ; Thomas Trewbody, from the
prebend of Comb 3a. ; Humfrey Dunn, from the vicarage

of Pawlet ; Thomas Day, from the vicarage of Lockynge ;