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minster, and giving away the King's stuff, &c. Whence arose great suspicion of him. And he was fined 12000/. Of which yet he was afterwards pardoned. We shall hear of him again under the next year. I have little more to add concerning this year ; only to mention some books that were now published, and to give some prospect of the state of the nation at this juncture.
of bis bedchamber, (but retired this summer to his old mo- g^l'jj'gt'^'ije ther Cambridge,) put forth a book against the rebellion, en- rebellion. titled, The Hurt of' Sedition, hoio grievous it is to a Common- wealth. On the reverse of the title-page is the picture of Absalom hanging in the tree, thrust through by Joab, with this motto. The reward of Absalom the rebel. The running title is. The true sicbject to the rebel. It was printed by John Day dwelhng at Aldersgate, and William Seres dwelling in Peter-college, and were to be sold at the new shop in the little conduit in Cheapside. This discourse carried an ad- mirable strain of rhetoric and persuasion, and was close and 1 96 piercing, like an oration of Demosthenes, with whom Cheke was very conversant, and of whom he was master. It began, " Among so many and notable benefits, wherewith God " hath already so plentifully endued us, there is nothing " more beneficial, than that we have by his grace kept us " quiet from rebellion at this time. For we see such mise- " ries hanff over the whole state of the commonwealth " through the great misorder of your sedition, that it maketh " us much to rejoice, that we have been neither partakers " of your doings, nor conspircrs of your councils. For even VOL. II. X me MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL BOOK " as the Lacedemonians, for the avoiding of drunkenness, ' " did cause their sons to behold their servants when they Anno 1549. " might avoid the like vice ; even so hath God like a mer- " ciful father stayed us from your wickedness, that by be- " holding the filth of yoUr fault, we may justly for offence " abhor the like rebels, whom else by nature we love like " Englishmen. And so for ourselves, we have great cause " to thank God, by whose religion and holy word daily " taught us, we learn not only to fear him truly, but also " to obey our King faithfully, and to serve in our own voca- *' tion honestly. And as for you, we have surely just cause " to lament you as brethren, and yet juster cause to rise " against you as enemies, and most just cause to overthrow " you as rebels."" And a little after, " How do ye take in " hand to reform.^ Be ye kings? By what authority.? or " by what occasion.!^ Be ye the king's officers.? By what com- " mission? Be ye called of God.? By what token declare " ye that? God's word teacheth us, that no man should take " in hand any office, but he that is called of God, like Aa- " ron Ye rise for religion. What rehgion taught " that? If ye were offered persecution for religion, ye ought " to fly. So Christ teacheth you, and yet you intend to " fight Why rise ye for religion ? Have ye any thing " contrary to God's book? Yea, have you not all things " agreeable to God's word.?" Thus went he on, answering all their objections and demands, with an easy plainness and convincing evidence. This whole treatise is transcribed Pag. 1042. and preserved in Holingshed's History, p. Martyr's Now also Came forth the readings of Peter Martyr, pub- book of the ] j(. Professor of Divinity in Oxford, about the sacrament of
mento Eucharu'ttYe ; habita publice Oa^onii, per D. Petrum Martyrem Vermilium Florejitinum, in ea Academia sacrce Theologia: publicum et Regium Professorem : cum jam ab- solvisset interpretationem xi. capitis prior is Epistola ad Corinthios. This book the learned Professor dedicated to Archbishop Cranmer in a large epistle. The reason whereof
OF KING EDWARD VI. 307 he gave was, "Since he could not find a defender both of CHAP. "" evangelical truth, and also of this eucharistical Sacrament, ' " sanctior^ doctior^ etfirmior; i. e. more holy, more learned. Anno 1549. " and more steady than he. And that his Grace had so " great knowledge concerning this controversy, as he [P. " Martyr] well knew, that it was hard to find the like in " any one beside. That there was none of the fathers, " whom he had not very diligently made his observations " of; nor any book either of ancient or modern writers, " which I have not myself (as Martyr told him) with these " eyes seen, noted with his own hand, whatever belonged to " that whole disputation."'* He went on in his character of this great Archbishop and martyr: "That councils, "canons, popes, decrees, which pertained thereunto, he 197 " had digested with so great labour into particular distinct " heads, that, unless he [P. Martyr] had not been an eye- " witness himself, he should scarcely ever have believed it " upon the relation of others. Nor had he [the Archbishop] " taken such pains, study, and labour in this subject only, " of the Eucharist, but that he had observed, how he [the " said Archbishop] had done the same almost in all other " doctrines, which were chiefly controverted in that age. . . . " That he had both publicly and privately conflicted with the " adversaries, and with admirable strength of learning, sharp- " ness of wit, and dexterity of performance, asserted what " he knew to be true, from the thorny and intricate cavils " of sophisters That he [P. Martyr] saw it necessary to "fly to the authority of his name, since he had need of some " powerful uTTrgao-Tno-Ti^c, [defender,] under whom he might " be protected from those, who had been detracting, tearing, " and traducing his name every where, with most shameless " lies: and such men as he thought could never have been, " had he not found them." In this work he disposed the order and method of his dis- course under these four heads. First, of that conjunction, whereby it is commonly said, the bread and wine is transub- stantiated into the body and blood of Christ. Next, to ex- amine another opinion, which makes the bread and wine in-
308 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL BOOK deed, as to their entire and true natures, to be retained in ^' the Sacrament; and so to be retained, that they have ad- Anno ibAd.joinedlij^ naturally^ (as they speak,) corporally^ and really, the true body and blood of Christ. In the third place, should be weighed what others also said, that they are not at all joined together any other way, than sacramental; that is, by signification and representation. And then, lastly, it should be shewn, how the second and third opinions, and what belongeth to them, do more tend to piety in this sacra/- mental affair. This book was printed again at Zuric, in the year 1552, by Johannes Wolphius, a learned minister there ; and de- dicated by him to one John Butler, a gentleman of a consi- derable family in England, and a great friend and bene- factor to the said Wolphius: with whom he became ac- quainted, assisting him in his studies; now settled at Zuric, after his travels into Germany, France, and Italy. At the bco-innino: of this second edition of this book of Peter Mar- tyr^s are added, (for the fuller understanding the different opinions of the Sacrament,) I. Pap<^ de Eucliaristid quce sit sententia. II. Martini Lutlieri de EiicharistifE sacramento, qutE sententia. III. Hulderichi Zuinglii sententia de Christi in sacra cccna prasentia.
gatory. Jrom lieavcu^ saying unto me, Write, Blessed are the dead that die in the Lord, streightway, so saith the Sprete, &c. Beginning with this preface, " The death of a mane's frend is " paynful for two con sy derations. The one, because he that " lyveth is forsaken and destytute of the famylyarity and " frendship of him that is dead. The other, that the lyving " doubteth where the soul of his friend departed is be- " come: whether it be in heaven or in hell. Both these " ills may be redressed with one good, that is, to wit, if he " that lyveth be assured by the word of God, that his frend 198 " departed is by mortal death entred in Christ into eternal " lyfe. But now in this standeth all the doubt, how the " living may know in what state the souls departed stand. OF KING EDWARD VI. 309 " This doubt cannot the Gentile dissolve, the wisemen of the C H A P. " world, nor the common sort of soche as beareth the name " of Christianity. Namely, for this, that they ymagin their Anno 1549. " frends souls to be broiled and rosted in the fyre of purga- *' tory. Wherfore even as they fear they wotte not what, " so seek they their remedy they know not how. Wyth " masse, dirige, and such other. These pains by the lyving " presupposed of the dead. Who can justly reprehend the " mysbelyving lyving for the state of the dead, that more " than nede is, payneth themselves, and more than profyt '' is, redemeth the prayers of other .^ " But what may the trueth conclude.? Is there any cer- <' taynty that putty th all out of dowte, our frends souls to " depart from the earth straight unto eternal lyfe ? Truly, " after the judgment of the flesh, there is no such know- " ledge. For the flesh in thys case either wyl playnly dis- " pay re for the horrour and gretness of synne, or else dowte " of the means, how it may be remedyed. Only therfore " the certaynty is known by the Scripture of God. Gyve " therefore hede what in thy case the word of God certifieth " us of the dead. / heard a voice from heaven., saying " unto me, Write, Blessed are the dead that die m the Lord, " straightway^'' &c. This sermon was printed by Edward Whitchurch at the sign of the Sun in Fleet-street. Now came forth a book in 'quarto, writ against the Popeochin's by Barnardin Ochin, a learned Italian, and companion of ^^^'Jl^^^^j^^^ Peter Martyr into this land : both which were received with Pope's Pri- much respect by Archbishop Cranmer into his family. This book was writ in Latin by the author, but said to be trans- lated into English by Mr. John Ponet, D. D. and never printed before in any language, and was dedicated by the said Ochin to King Edward VI. beginning thus, " Although " God of his mere goodness hath given to your Majesty " rich treasures, most large kingdoms, special grace and love " of all people, most high nobility of blood, most singular " ornaments both of the body and of the mind ; partly " coming only of God, and partly through his favour ob_ " tained also by your industry : besides other innumerable x3 310 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL BOOK " graces, which it hath pleased God to endue your Highness ^' " withal : yet notwithstanding, all these things ought not Anao]549."or cannot be compared to that benefit which he hath " shewed unto you, in giving you in such a dark world and " so tender age, such clear light of Christ,'' &c. It was called J Tragedy^ or Dialogue of the unjust usurped Pri- macy of the Bishop of Rome ^ and of all the just abolishing of the same. This book consisted of nine dialogues. And the parties that spake in each of them were, in the first, Lu- cifer and Beelzebub. In the second, Boniface III. and Dr. Sapience, secretary to the Emperor. In the third, the peo- ple of Rome and the Church of Rome. In the fourth, the Pope and man's judgment, and the people of Rome. In the fifth, Thomas Massuccius, the master of his horse, and Le- pidus the Pope's chamberlain. In the sixth, Lucifer and Beelzebub. In the seventh, Christ, and Michael and Gabriel, archangels. In the eighth. King Henry VIII. and Papista, and Thomas Archbishop of Canterbury. And in the ninth. King Edward VI. and the Lord Protector. This book was printed at London for Gualter Lynne, dwelling on Summer-key by Billinsgate. 199 To which is subjoined another book, and of the same sub- A book of ject, and printed by the same stationer, which therefore I prophecies , , 1 1 • • i i mj n • • j of the Pope, conclude came out also this year, entitled, I he Bcginmngand End of all Popery and Popish Kingdoms. The epistle is writ by Gualter Lynne, the printer to King Edward VI. " It is said to be taken out of all prophecies for more than " three hundred years ago, to the amendment of " this present world. Set forth out of high Almayn, by " Gualter Lynne." It hath a great many figures and pictures of the Pope and the beasts, and sometimes of Beelzebub, resembling the visions in the Revelation. Of which thus in the epistle. '-' Because it is so secret a mystery, that cannot " well be opened without plain demonstration, the author " of this book hath most plainly set forth by figures, the " state that this Antichrist is in, hath been in, or shall be in, " even to the day of his utter destruction." He added also, " that these fimires were not of the author's own invention. OF KING EDWARD VI. ail " but they were found in ancient libraries above three hun- CHAP. " dred years since : and that there was at that present day remaining in the abbey of St. Laurence in Luyke, a table ^"'^<> ^^^^ " of great antiquity, containing pourtraicture of like matter. " Whereby, he said, it was manifest, that the fathers of an- " tient time saw in the papacy the things that they durst not " utter, either by word or writing ; but trusting that the " time would come, when men might be bold to speak it, they " did in the mean time keep it in painting and portraiture."'' About September, came forth an ingenious book, made Thomas's by William Thomas, clerk of the Council. It was an his- itaiy. tory of Italy, in English ; treating of the estate of many and divers commonwealths, how they had been, and at that present were governed. Here he gave, first, a description of Italy : then, of the estate of it in general : then, an abridgment of the state thereof from the beginning, until the Roman empire was utterly divided : next, the descrip- tion of Rome, and the marvellous antiquities there : then, of the present estate of Rome : an abridgment of the lives of the Roman Bishops : the Venetian estate, and the order of their commonwealth : the description of Naples, and the history thereof: the description of Florence, and its estate: the description of Genoa, and the estate thereof: the de- scription of Milain, and its estate : also, the estates of Man- tua, Ferrara, Placentia, Parma, and Urbin. In writing this, the author was much assisted from his own experience and long travels in those parts. He dedicated his book to the Earl of Warwick, Viscount Lisle, Knight of the most noble Order of the Garter, Lord Chamberlain, and High Admiral of England. In his epistle he shewed the profit he designed by his book, viz. " that setting forth in our mother tongue " the doings of strangers, and especially the Italian nation, " which seemed to flourish in civility, most of all other at " this day, his own countrymen might see upon what little " beginnings many great estates have risen ; and how they " that have had the power to rule, by using their authorities " well and prudently, have merited immortal fame of honour "and praise ; and using tyranny and evil government, have
312 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL BOOK " contrariwise borne eternal slander and shame. Likewise to • " shew, how mutable fortune is, and how that which hath nno 1549." been gotten with extreme pains, unmeasurable expences, " and unreasonable effusion of blood, hath been lost in a 200 « moment. And that commonly he that hath conquered " most in war, at the best is yet a loser. And finally, how " by division either among the nobility or the commons, '' there ensueth utter destruction of realms, and subversion " of commonwealths. Whereunto there is none so great '' a minister as the alteration of ancient laws and customs. " These and infinite more such like things, being set " forth to the eyes of princes, their hearts would be more " inclined with peace and justice to enrich their subjects, " and thereby procure themselves glory, than by murder- " ing of innocents, ravishing of honest wives and maidens, " burning, spoiling, and destruction of countries, (which are " the effects of war,) to make themselves conquerors of that *' they cannot long enjoy. For surely, said he, more praise " shall the prince deserve that leaveth his realm quiet and " wealthy unto his successors, than he that, for the conquest " of other countries, impoverisheth and disturbeth his own. " He wished all noblemen therefore to read his book, to the " end they might thereof take occasion so honourably to " spend their life-time, that after their death they might " shine in fame for ever. The reason he assigned of the de- '' dication of this his travail to this great lord was, for his " excellent feats of chivalry, both by sea and land ; and " being such an one as he was, able to judge whether his " [the author'*s] opinion were good or not. As his wonder- " ful knowledge in civil orders made him worthy to be no *' less esteemed excellent in council, as he had been tried " a most excellent captain in the wars."" This dedication was Sept. 20.
the Old and Nezv Testameiit, truly am,d purely translated into English : and now lately with great industry and di-
OF KING EDWARD VI. 313 ligence recognized. Es. i. Hearken O heavejis, mid thou chap. earth give ear : for the Lord speaketh. Imprinted at Lon- . don by John Day, dwelling at Alder sgate, and William^^^^^^^^^'^^' Seres y dwelling in Peter college. Cum gratia et privilegio ad imprimendum solum. 1 1th day of Aug. mdxlix. These things ensuing are joined with the present volume of the Bible. I. A calendar with an almanac. II. A descrip- tion and succession of the Kings of Judah and Jerusa- lem ; declaring when, and under what kings, every prophet lived, and what notable things happened in their times. III. An exhortation to the study of the holy Scripture, both of the Old and New Testament. IV. A table to find many of the chief and principal matters contained in the Bible. A supputation of the years from Adam to Christ, collected by Edm. Beck. VI. A prologue, shewing the use of the Scripture. VII. The names of all the books of the Bible, and the contents of the chapters of every book. VIII. A register, or brief rehearsal of the names of the most famous and notable persons mentioned in the Bible. There be also prologues to the five books of Moses, and be- fore the prophet Jonas, and to every of the four Evange- lists, and before every epistle of the New Testament, and after every chapter of the book, are added many plain an- notations and expositions of such places as unto the simple and unlearned seem hard to understand : which were done by Coverdale.
Bishop Ridley, anno 1551, either this year, or not far from it, published two dialogues, written in Latin by the famous clerk, D. Erasmus of Rotterdam. One called Polyphe- mus, or the Gospeller ; the other. Disposing of Things and Names, translated into English. Printed at Canterbury, in St. Paul's Churchyard, by John Michel.
Gift of John Leland to King Henry VIII. Bemg some land's New- account of his journey in the search of England's ^"ti- ^^J.* J^^*:^
ward,
314 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL
'• In his epistle to the young King, he excited him " to the Anno 1649." love of EngUsh history; hinting to him the profit that " arose by reading of ancient stories, (after the necessary " search of the Bible,) which that treatise of Leland, he " said, would plenteously declare. They would teach him " what is in each commonwealth to be followed, and what " to be eschewed ; what caused a realm to flourish, and " what diminished the state thereof. He took this occasion " to reprehend Papists, who dissuaded Christian princes " from the study of the Scriptures and chronicles. Both " which sorts of knowledge he exhorted the Prince to ; but *' especially to know the laws of God. He shewed him " from Solomon, that the honour of a king stood not in " strength and riches, but in the search of wholesome doc- " trine, to divide the dross from the silver, and to follow " God's holy commandments." Then he armed the King against some sayings, that were then bruited abroad, as maxims for princes : as, " that the doctrine of Christ was " the cause of the decay of the commonwealth. Which he " shewed was a saying eleven hundred and thirty years " ago, when Paulus Orosius was a writer ; against which " saying the author wrote seven notable books, as a confu- " tation of that pernicious error. Yet, said Bale, is that " unhappy and devilish opinion now raised up again from " hell, and brought here into England by a great number " of Papists. Another ordinary saying among them was, Yüklə 12,09 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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