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Abbot made the sermon.
Lady Eliza- The day before, viz. the 28th, the Lady Elizabeth came
beth comes , J . J
to Somerset riding through Smithfield, the Old Baily, and Fleet-street,
place.

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 507

unto Somerset place, with a great company of velvet coats CHAP,

and chains, being her Grace's gentlemen ; and after, a great

company of her men also in red coats, guarded with a close Anno > 556 -

guard of black velvet and cutts. And there, at her said 3 10

place, she lodged till the 3d of December; and then re-

moved, and took her way through Smithfield, attended as

before, towards Bishop's Hatfield place.

This month was buried, in the parish of St. Olaves in Such as this

Southwark, Mr. Goodyere, alderman of London, and leather- cease( i.

seller and merchant of the staple of Calais : also now was

the Lady Williams of Thame, her funeral, and the wife of

Mr. Hey s, a mercer, in Aldermanbury, buried honourably;

and at her mass preached Dr. Peryn, a black friar.

In the month of December I make these remarks. On the December.

5th day, being St. Nicolas even, St. Nicolas, that is, a boy St. Nicolas,

habited like a bishop in pontificalibus, Avent abroad in most

parts of London, singing after the old fashion ; and was re-

ceived with many ignorant, but well-disposed people into

their houses, (thinking, as it seems, that it was lucky, as

well as pious,) and had as much good cheer as ever was

wont to be had before, at least in many places.

On the 6th of December the Abbot of Westminster went The Abbot

a procession with his convent; before him went all the ° ]inste s r , s

sanctuary men, with cross keys upon their garments; and procession,

after went three for murder: one whereof was the Lord

Dacre's son of the north, who was whipped, with a sheet about

him, for killing of one West, esq. dwelling beside the Lord

Darcy ; of which murder mention was made before. The

second was a thief, that belonged to Mr. Comptroller's ser-

vants, who killed one Richard Eggleston, the Comptroller's

tailor, at the Long-Acre, on the backside of Charing-cross.

The third was a boy, who had killed a young fellow that

sold papers and printed books in Westminster-hall, with

hurling of a stone, which hit him under the eye. And thus

was the abbey restored to its pristine privileges.

December 16, at the sessions at Newgate, among others, A maiefac-

were arraigned one John Boneard, and Gregory, a smith, theeyi _

a Spaniard, Tor as Holinshed saith, a Frenchman,] for a denceinthe

* 7 L court.

508 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAP, robbery that they would have done upon Alexander, the

• keeper of Newgate; which was, by certain keys Gregory

Anno 1556. had made, to open the gaol, and let out the prisoners. This

Gregory had a knife then about him, which he thrust into

the man that gave evidence against them in the sight of the

judges. He was afterwards cast ; and immediately a gibbet

was set up at the Session's Hall, where his right hand was

stricken off, and nailed upon the gibbet, and then he was

hanged up, hanging all night naked : and Boneard, his fel-

low, was burnt in the hand.
The Queen December 20, Queen Mary rid in her chariot through the
abbey to * P ar k from St. James's unto the gallery ; and so she took
even song. ner barge unto Westminster, and landed at the palace, and

so into the abbey ; where she heard evensong, together with

the Lord Cardinal, the Lord Mountague, and the Lord

Darcy of Essex : which last bore the sword before her

Grace, and the other Lord bore up her train.
Removes to On the 22d she removed from St. James's through the

eenwic i. p ar ]^ anc j too k h er b ar g e a t Lambeth unto the Lord Car-

dinal^ place ; and there her Grace dined with him and di-

vers of the Council ; and after dinner she took her journey

unto Greenwich, to keep her Christmas there.

311 On the 23d, a proclamation was made through London

Testerns. ^ an( j go was a ft er t be through the realm) for raising the

value of testerns in the present dearth : it imported, that

whatever man he were that did refuse testerns, or would

not take them at the value of six pence apiece, [though ac-

cording to the intrinsic value they were not worth so much,]

for corn, or victuals, or wares, or any other thing, he should

be taken, and brought before the mayor or sheriff, bailiff,

justice of peace, constable, or other officer; and they to lay

him in prison, there to remain during the Queen's and

Council's pleasure, and to stand, both body and goods, at

her Grace's disposition.
The great The same day was malt sold in Gracechurch-street market
1 H-l
for 40«y. a quarter. And the 31st day it was sold in the

same market for 44*. a quarter, and after at 46*. And a

bushel of wheat-meal for 6s. and so it continued along the

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 509

next year till harvest, when, within eight weeks, it fell from CHAP.

6s. to lGd. XXXIX -

This month of December were, with state, buried the Anno 1556.

Lord Morley, in Essex : Mr. Robert Downes, master of the Buried -

company of ironmongers; buried in St. Mary Cole church,

in Cheap: he had a tomb made, and in the tomb a coffin of

lead ; and when he was brought, to the grave, his corpse was

taken out of the coffin of wood, in which he was carried,

and put into that of lead : Sir Richard Bruton, sometime of

the privy chamber to King Henry VIII. buried at Isling-

ton : and the sister of Mr. Clarentieux, who seemed to be

a great woman about the Queen ; she was buried at the

Savoy, with an hearse made with two stories, and an hundred

white candlesticks, and in every candlestick a great quern

of half a pound of wax, together with her arms upon the

hearse, and other appendages of magnificence.
Januaiy 4, at night, were certain strange fires seen by January,

many persons in many places near the city of London ; as P earancesoi

in Finsbury-fields, in Moor-fields, at the Windmill, and fire,

at the Dog-house, at Dame Annis Clere, and in certain

gardens and other places. Some perhaps might interpret

these prodigious appearances of fire, to import God's up-

braiding the present cruelties of burning to death so many

innocent persons.

January 11, the Lady Chaloner, wife of Sir Thomas Lady cha-

Chaloner, one of the clerks of the Council to King Edward \ mrie ^

VI. and formerly the wife of Sir Thomas Lee, of Hogston,

was buried honourably in Shoreditch church.

On the 13th, in alderman Draper's ward, commonly The bel "
man.
called Cordwainer-street ward, began a belman to go about

all night from place to place, ringing a bell at every lane's

end, and at the ward end ; whose office was to give warn-

ing of fire and candlelight, and to help the poor, and pray

for the dead. And this seems to be the original of the

custom of belmen in London.

On the 20th, at Greenwich park, the Queen's pensioners Pensioners

mustered in bright harness, and many barbed horses : every J""* t " e e "

pensioner had three men in green coats, guarded with white ; Queen.

510 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAP. so they roc } e about the park, three in rank, upon horses
XXXIX
with spears in their hands, the colours white and green.

Anno 1 556". Afore rode trumpeters blowing ; next a man of arms, bear-

*¦* * ^ ing a standard of red and yellow ; in the standard a white

heart, and on the one side a black eagle with gilded legs :

between two or three of the clock they came down, and

mustered before the Queen at the park gate. For there

stood the Queen's Grace on high, and the Lord Cardinal,

the Lord Admiral, and Lord Mountague, and divers other

lords and ladies. Before the pensioners rode many gentle-

men on gennets and light horses ; one whereof rode upon

the finest mule that ever was seen : and so they rode to and

fro before her Majesty. Then came a tumbler and played

many pretty feats, the Queen and Lord Cardinal looking

on ; whereat she was observed to laugh heartily. At length

the Queen thanked them all for their pains, and so they de-

parted : there were of the pensioners fifty and more, besides

their men of arms ; and of people above ten thousand.

Martin January 26, commissioners from the Cardinal, viz. Wat-

p. Fagius's son, bishop elect of Lincoln ; Scot, bishop of Chester ; and

bodies Christopherson, bishop elect of Chichester, came to Cam-

bridge; and after a formal process, caused the body of

Martin Bucer, late the King's professor of divinity, buried

in St. Mary's, to be taken up and burnt : and so also was

served the body of Paul Fagius, late the King's professor of

Hebrew, buried in St. Michael's church : which was looked

upon as barbarous.

L. Sturton On the 28th was the Lord Sturton had to the Tower

Tower. e f° r tne death of two gentlemen, father and son, basely, by

him and his men, murdered.

February. February the 7th, Mr. Offley, the Lord Mayor, and divers

The Lord a ]dermen, taking; their barge, went unto the Queen to
Mayor and ' to » •,
Aldermen Greenwich : where, after a certain time waiting, they were

wait on the b ht be fore the Queen. Then she knighted the Lord

Queen. e> ^ o
Mayor and Mr. William Chester, draper, one of the al-

dermen.

A sane- The same day was a sanctuary man whipped afore the
tnary man . .
whipped, cross for murder.

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 511

The Emperor of Russia's ambassador took his journey CHAP,

from Etonbrug [Edenburgh] towards England, the 8th of XXX1X -

February; and left behind him in Scotland one Lewis, to Anno 1556.

solicit for the goods which he had brought with him in the The Rus "

English ship in which he came, which the Scots most in- sa.ior de-

humanly had purloined, being put in there by stress of {^ Scot "

weather. But being gone, a great number in that realm

were sorry they suffered him to depart, as the Lord Whar-

ton wrote to the Lord President; adding, that he might

thank God he was escaped from their cruel covetise with

his life.
On the 10th day, Sir William Portman, chief justice of SirWilliam

England, was buried at St. Dunstan's in the West, with an chiefjus-

herald of arms, and a standard of arms and pennon, a coat tice ' buried -

armour, a target, a shield, and a crest, being a libbard's

head, gold, with two snakes coming out of the mouth, with

a cross fitch gules : a hearse, with four great gilt candlesticks,

with four principals garnished with angels, arms, and pensils ;

many mourners: and after came six judges and seven

sergeants of the coif, and then all the inns of court, two

and two together. And on the morrow three goodly masses

sung, and a sermon made.
On the 17th, the Lord Stourton came from the Tower 3 13

with one of his men unto Westminster, before the Council Lord stour-

and judges; where the evidence was declared before his ^"^"f ht

own face, and he could not deny it. minster.

And on the next day, four of his servants came from the His ser -

Tower, unto the Lord Privy Seal's, before certain of the amined. "

Council: and were there examined of the death of Mr.

Argyl and his son ; and after carried back again.

On the 26th, the Lord Stourton was arraigned at West- And he an<1

minster-hall, before the judges and divers of the Council : deinned.

as the Lord Chief Justice Brokes, the Lord Steward, Lord

Treasurer, and divers others, lords and knights. It was long

ere he would answer, till at last the Lord Chief Justice

stood up, and declared to him, that if he would not answer

to the charge laid against him, that he was to be pressed to

death by the laws of the land. After which, he made his

512 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAP, answer, and was cast by his own words, and condemned to
xxxix. k hanged, together -with his four men : and so to be carried
Anno 1556. to the Tower again, till they had a further commandment
from the Council.

Earl of Sus- On the same 26th day, Henry Earl of Sussex, (who on the

17th died in Chanon-row,) at afternoon, was buried at St.

Laurence Pountney, with a goodly hearse, and other ap-

pendages of funeral magnificence. He was knight of the

noble order of the Garter, Viscount Fitzwater, Lord Egre-

mont, and Burnel, chief justice, and justice in oyer of all

the King and Queen's Majesty's forests, parks, chases, and

warrens on this side Trent.

The Rnsse The 27th day, the Duke of Moscovy's ambassador entered

enters Lon- the city of London, accompanied with divers of the mcr-

don - chants of London, English, as well as strangers of all na-

tions; who met him beyond Shoreditch in coats of velvet

and of fine cloth, guarded with velvet, and with fringe of

silk, and chains of gold : after, met him the Lord Mounta-

cute, and divers other lords, knights, and gentlemen, gor-

geously appareled. Then, at Smithfield, the Lord Mayor

and the Aldermen in scarlet : the ambassador's garment was

of tissue, embroidered with pearls and stones ; his cap and

his nightcap set with the same : and his men in coarse cloth

of gold, down to the calf of the leg, like gowns, and on their

heads high coping caps. He was conducted to Mr. Dy-

mock's, the merchant, his place in Fanchurch-street.

March. On the 2d of March, the Lord Stourton rode from the

Lord stour- Tower with Sir Robert Oxenbridge, the lieutenant, and four

veyed to of his servants, with certain of the guard, through London

Salisbury. towar( j s Salisbury, where he was to be executed. The first

night they lay at Hounslow, the morrow after, they came to

Stains, thence to Basingstoke, and so to Salisbury, where he

suffered the death he well deserved. For his and his men's

crimes were heinous, as shall be shewed hereafter. Exe-

cution was done upon him March the 6th, in the market-

place ; and them in the country near the place where the

murder was done : this lord made great lamentation at his

death for his wilful and impious deed.

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 513

March 5, Sir Edward Mountague, late lord chief jus- CHAP,

tice of England, was buried in Northamptonshire, with an X

hearse of wax, and other decencies suitable to his quality. Alul ° 1556.

And on the 6th, Sir Oliver Leader, knight, was buried in 3 14
Huntingdonshire, with an hearse of wax. «i r Edwaid
° Mountague
On the 17th, the Lord Robert Duddley, having been buried;'

beyond sea with King Philip, came riding unto the Queen ^ Ild Sir

at the Court at Greenwich, with letters ; and after him Mr. Leader.

Kemp, of the privy chamber, importing, that the King Lord Ro,)ert

would be at Calais the 17th day instant. comes from
The same day Dr. Watson, the new bishop elect of Lin-£" lg pi ""

coin, preached before the Queen. Bishop of

On the 18th was celebrated the month's mind of the Earl Linco i ln
preaches
of Sussex, and his hearse burning with tapers, and standing before the

till dirge and mass done. On the morrow after, it was taken ,; en ' „

° _ EarlofSus-
down, Mr. Garter being present to see the standard, the sex month's

helmet, target, coat, and banner set up over him, with all min '

things belonging thereunto.
On the 20th of March, the King came to Greenwich, at King Philip

five at night. At the same time came a ship up by the Greenwich,

tide, and coming against the court gates, discharged sixteen

pieces thrice, being very great guns, with a loud cry, God

save the King and Queen ! and the next day the King and

Queen went through the gallery unto their closet, where they

heard mass ; there were two swords borne afore them ; the one

borne by the Lord Cobham, the other by the Lord Admiral :

from their closet they went both to dinner together ; there

were present the Lord Chancellor, and divers other lords.

The same 21st day, in the afternoon, came down a com- Command-

mandment to the Bishop of London, that every church in "e'ueuru.

London should sing Te Deum laudamus ; and to have

ringing all the while, with great praise to God for the

King's safe return.
Two days after, viz. the 23d, a commandment came to Lord Mayor

the city, that the King and Queen intending to ride from j nen meet

the Tower-wharf through London, with the nobles of the the Kin s

realm, both lords and ladies, preparation should be made

accordingly. Therefore at Tower-wharf the Lord Mayor
VOL. III. l 1

514 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAP, met them with the Sheriffs and Aldermen, the Mayor bear-
XXXIX.
' , ing the sword before the King and Queen ; all the corpora-

Anno 1556. tions, in their liveries, standing orderly along the streets,

trumpets blowing, and other instruments playing, great

shooting off of guns at the Tower, and the waits playing on

the leads of St. Peter's in Cheap.

Edward the On the same day the King came to Greenwich, viz. the

taken upT 20th, (whether for a good omen, or accidentally,) the body

of King Edward the Confessor was, with the ceremony of an

hundred lights, taken up in the same place where his shrine

was, and where he laid when the abbey was spoiled and

robbed. It was a goodly sight, saith my diarist, to have

seen how reverendly he was carried from that place, with

goodly singing, and censing, and mass sung: it was the

abbot's intent to set up the shrine again, as soon as he could

have it done, expecting, no question, great devotions to be

paid there, and good presents made.

Many things yet remain to be related, to take a full pros-

pect of this fourth year of the Queen.

315 In this year the ingenious, learned, and pious Sir John

Cheke re- Cheke, schoolmaster to the late King Edward, and a privy

cants. counsellor to him, and all along a most earnest professor of

the gospel, partly by the incessant importunity of others,

partly by his own fear, made a shameful recantation, once

before Cardinal Pole, and again before the Queen and the

Court at St. James's.

His prefer- He was first brought to Court in King Henry YTII.'s

Court- time, by Dr. Butts, that King's physician, (who was his

great patron, and whom Cheke called Ms father, and styled

himself his son,) to be tutor to the young Prince. He was

one of the greatest lights of learning and true goodness in

the University of Cambridge : where he, by his influence, did

extraordinarily promote solid learning and piety ; and being

transplanted to Court, was a great instrument of vindicating

and encouraging truth and sobriety, and all human learn-

ing there, especially to the young nobility, as well as to the

young Prince ; to whom he was an happy schoolmaster, by

informing his tender youth in excellent manners, and fur-

UNDER QUEEN MARY I. 515

nishing him with learning beyond his years. He was par- CHAP,

doned with the rest for his tampering in Queen Jane's busi-

ness, in which he was earnest, as were many other good Anno ] 556,

people, out of fear of the sad times that were like to ensue,

if the Lady Mary should obtain the crown of this realm :

but when she came to reign, he found that this land, under

a papal government, would not be for him, and therefore

travelled abroad, (but with leave,) for the safety of his con-

science. He took this opportunity to see Rome, and took

Basil in his way, and saw the learned men there.
In the latter end of the year 1555, I find him at Stras- How taken,

burgh ; for I have seen a letter of his, writ thence in the thrower'

month of February, to Sir William Cecyl : from hence and dealt
, . . . ' . . . . _ . . with there.
taking a journey in the spring, to give a visit to two of his

old learned friends, the Lord Paget and Sir John Mason,

who came into those parts upon public business : in his re-

turn from Brussels towards Antwerp, he, with Sir Peter

Carew, his companion, by King Philip's secret command-

ment, was suddenly apprehended in the way by the provost

marshal, bound and thrown into a cart, with his legs, arms,

and body tied to it, and so conveyed on shipboard, brought

a prisoner into England, and clapped up, as some great male-

factor, in the Tower of London : and at length was forced

to acknowledge and subscribe to the popish doctrines, and re-

cant publicly his former good profession of the gospel, there

being no other way to save himself from burning. His alle-

gations of some church writers, with his subscription to the

carnal presence in the sacrament, a letter dated July 15th,

to Cardinal Pole upon that subscription, and another of

the same date to the Queen, mentioning his present mind

in religion, with which the Dean of Paul's had acquainted

her, with suit to her for his liberty, I have preserved in the

Catalogue, as I transcribed them from the originals. N °- LIII >

After two long recantations were spoken by him, (so much

against his conscience and will,) one before the Queen, and

another before the Cardinal, he was not yet done with, but

was to perform certain penances and satisfactions, which the

said Cardinal, Lord Legate, put upon him, and which he
l12

516 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL

CHAP, promised publicly, in his recantation, to submit to, how sore

' soever they were, suing to be absolved and received into

Anno 1556. the Church ; and so at last he was graciously admitted a

316 member of the Catholic Church.
Cheke's This pretended conversion was accompanied, in this mi-
tears * serable gentleman, with abundance of bitter tears secretly
by himself, as well as before Dr. Fecknam, the dean of St.

Paul's, his ghostly father : and that because, as he told him,

he had with Peter denied Christ, and therefore wept bitterly

with Peter, as the said doctor hinted in his speech to the

Queen : but in whatever sense he and the auditors took it,