Emergent production planning and schedulingWe have an interest in the emergent control of manufacturing systems that operate under uncertain and complex conditions [6]. We have developed a multi-agent model for solving integrated order processing and dynamic production scheduling problems. The model is based on the economic rationality of individual agents, though, by the application of a special incentive mechanism, reconciles autonomous and cooperative behavior. Hence, the model paves the way toward so-called holonic manufacturing systems [1,7]. Further on, we have developed an adaptable order selection and resource allocation model where production balancing is made by reinforcement learning.