1. General information about Germanic languages The total number of people speaking
Germanic languages approaches 440 million. To this rough estimate we could add an
indefinite number of bilingual people in the countries where English is used as an official
language (over 50 countries). Germanic languages are classified into three groups: (1)
East Germanic, (2) North Germanic, (3) West Germanic. East Germanic languages have
been dead for many centuries. Of the old East Germanic languages only one is well
known. In ancient times the territory of Germanic languages was much more limited.
Thus, in the 1st century A. D. Germanic languages were only spoken in Germany and in
territories adjacent to it, and also in Scandinavia. Germanic languages are classified into
3 groups: (1) East Germanic (2) North Germanic (3) West Germanic. East Germanic
languages have been dead for many centuries. Of the old East Germanic languages only
one is well known, viz., Gothic; a vast written document has come down to us in this
language, namely, a translation of the Bible made in the 14th century A.D. by the Gothic
bishop Ulfilas from the Greek. All North Germanic and West Germanic languages have
survived until our own tines.
2. What are the main principles of derivational analysis?
The derivational level of analysis
aims at establishing correlations between different types of words, the structural and
semantic patterns words are built on, the study also enables one to understand how new
words appear in the language. The nature, type and arrangement of the ICs of the word
are known as its derivative structure. Though the derivative structure of the word is
closely connected with its morphemic or morphological structure and often coincides
with it, it differs from it in principle. The basic units of the derivational analysis are:
1)bases. 2)affixes. 3)patterns. A derivational base - the constituent to which a rule of
word-formation is applied.
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