Squiggle is the movement of lines of watery polymeric medium or paint that are drawn and painted in a care-free way of divine scribble of twist and curl
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- Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
- Art as a Body of Expressions in Tourism
- Art as an Alternative Area of Investment and Marketing in the World Economy
- Basic Ideas Needed for Art Business
- CHAPTER TWELVE UNDERSTANDDING THE CONTENTS OF RELIGION AND DEMOCRACY FOR ART AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER ELEVEN IDEAS OF ART INVESTMENT AND MARKETING IN TOURISM INDUSTRY Sule Rabiatu Efueoghena, Department of General Arts and Industrial Design, School of Arts and Industrial Design, Auchi Poltechnic, Auchi, Edo State, Nigegeria e-mail address: efueoghena@gmail.com +2348028082268 Art and its practices and marketing have become an act of everybody in the world of economic scenario of today. This has been creating a lot of problems in which such problems have made many artists, art marketers and buyers to be facing a lot of tough time in solving their desire in the areas of what, when, where, how to get through art and its marketing. This paper explained one of the simplest ways involved in understanding art marketing skills through effective knowledge, skills and practice. The method pulled in was properly conducted. Literature was reviewed based on proper conclusion and effective recommendations were given. Art and its practices and marketing have become an act of everybody in the world of economic scenario of today. This has been creating a lot of problems in which such problems have made many artists, art marketers and buyers to be facing a lot of tough time in solving their desire in the areas of what, when, where, how to get through art and its marketing. The trend of art as an input to the process of redefining the economy of this nation and the world at large is thing that needs scholars’ interest. It displays art as a profitable area of human input and output with much stratification worthy of recognition as a long-term market area of investment and marketing that can easily be set up by an individual, co-operate organizations and government as a body. The economy as a focal section of the world was examined as a concept connected with industry, trade, development and growth of wealth of all countries with a meaningful track in art and its marketing. The financial market was critically examined with related literatures, knowledge and practice in order to reaffirm a good place for art and its marketing as a profitable investment area worthy of recognition. In this vain, the greatest achievement recorded by United State of America in the aspect of art as an alternative investment was analyzed. Year comes and goes like a bird in the streamside exchange but the quality of art and the works produced remain the same in terms of its aesthetic and functionality values which tents to call for effective marketing strategies. Both individual and co-operate organizations have being seen art works mainly for aesthetic values and left behind its utilitarian out-fit as an element of good economic assets worthy of national cohesion in aid of a meaningful development (Sulaiman, 2001). With this unknown economic aspect of art, as an element of investment in the recent time, many investors among art lovers have been beseeching for the means of giving a total consideration to art and its product as an alternative investment in order to drastically reduce the nature of the world economic problems. Gone are the days when people consider the value of art as a product hanging on the walls of individual houses (Donacolm, 1998). Donacolm, (1998). The government of the United State of America has made it compulsory under the act of environment and home beautification chapter that no citizen will be allowed to erect a building without setting aside 10.5% of the total amount of money assigned for the building of a house for the acquisition of art works for both the interior and the exterior beautification as newly reviewed. Art as a Body of Expressions in Tourism Art is regarded as a means of inner most creative concept that tents to express certain facts in order to serve a meaningful purpose in the milieu. One among the purposes of art is regarded as its commercial values. Haven considered this, art has been given a proper recognition as an object of investment and marketing in order to standardize world economy. In the past thirty years, high percentage kick-back of certain returns in stock and the likes market have been giving pass-over option on art, as an aspect of economic investment (Sulaiman, 2001). In this regard, the market losses its capacity day-in day-out in market interest rate but the roles played by art and its product keep on changing for progressive appreciation both in the angle of aesthetic and functionality. Nigeria and Ghana are as developing countries and other developing countries in Africa: South-Africa, Togo and Tanzania etc are still playing round the table of both money and capital markets without understanding the acts of art business and marketing. Borrow, (2008)
It has been critically examined that many investors do not want to face the problem of reduction in the piece of their financial assets, with the aim of earning hedge against asset depreciation. With this, art can serve as an alternative investment to avoid total economic meltdown in the areas of national growth, development and individual profit maximization as a body of meaningful cohesion, in order to circumvent deflation. According to Wilson (2005:96) 2.9% of its portfolio in the 1970s in art earning has a return of 40.0 pass above inflation till 1999. With this, art has been an attractive investment for countries and individuals. It is becoming increasingly recognized as it has out-performed more conservative investment over the few years due to its high level of profitability visibility and tangibility in the economy of United State of America till date (James, 2003). Many financial and art critics contend that investment in art disregards the traditional ideology of financial break-down, since, it does not generate any income streams that can be disconnected. Art work does not generate any hazard or depreciation in terms of income, quality, aesthetic value and its functionality. Except that, the income can be obtained from lending such art works to galleries and they attain negative income in form of strong and associated cost (Michael, 2006). With this, many advocates of art have been analyzing the benefit of including art in a portfolio of nations and world investments; they found art as in a portfolio of nation and world investment. They found art as out performer at the standard rate of 500 indexes (dividend re-invested), in US treasury bills, for the past 10 years treasury bond, and gold prices are obtained from Global financial data for each variable that report the means of standard deviation and its correlation with other assets. Art had annually compounded return of 11.8% comparable to stocks of 10.4% during the 1994-2004 periods (Michael, 2006). Art as a product is of different kinds that are very profitable and tangible which serves the economic contact between the supply and the demand. This is because the little supply gives it the highest value and the exclusivity that comes from it after its higher prices. The prices of an art work cannot be ascertained because; the total production cost will be amalgamated with the aesthetic value which give the Unitarian price (Sulaiman, 2001). Considering the above phenomenon concerning art as an alternative investment in booming our national economy, there is no doubt, that investing in art has proven to be one of among the greatest assets in the area of investments for government, corporate bodies and even individual who is willing to make profit. With this, there are many aspects of art that the investors can invest in: painting, sculpture, photography, graphic, textile, ceramic and printing etc. The average holding period for a piece of an art-work is about 28 years (Borrow, 2008). These stated years may seem like a life-time to hold an investment in art. Experts affirmed that, those interested personalities in art are usually motivated by the aesthetic visual appreciation and literacy concept of creative nature of art works for the investment that makes it acceptable (Borrow, 2008). Art investment happens to be a good diversifier for the sake of the well-round investment portfolio due to its level of tangibility in financial investment stock markets (Wilson, 2005). As many business personalities will say that whoever have a great deal of money in the stock market may lose in the blinking of an eye but when investing in intangibles like stock and bond market; art as a tangible will survive the stock market crash (Barrow, 2008). Besides, the tangibility of art in the investment market can be enjoyed at home or in an office but stock and bonds may sit in a locker or hard-drive of a computer. In enough discussion, art investment really works better if it is incorporated in the midst of investment assets because it provides the needs of long -term portfolio stability and risk-bearing while other investment channels provides short-term financial investment which will provide needed liquidity (Gbitse, 2008). Basic Ideas Needed for Art Business
Fig. I: Artist: Sulaiman D.I., Diluted Polautcry on Canvas, 120cm x 90cm, Crack-Kico Techniques as Embodiment of Squiggle-ism Style of Painting, 2014, Squiggle-ism Art School, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria.
Fig. ii: Artist: Sulaiman D.I., Diluted Polymeric on Canvas, 120cm x 90cm, Drop-Pico Techniques as Embodiment of Squiggle-ism Style of Painting, 2014, Squiggle-ism Art School, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria. Art is one among the potent tools for achieving national economy in the areas of unity, goodness, national growth and development in terms of functional economy, especially in a developing country like Nigeria. Art as an alternative asset in the face of economics melt down in aid of meaningful, if properly planned for business, effectively carried out and efficiently evaluated and monitored for proper visual literacy and appreciation, it will go a long way in enhancing the process of annexing the world economy of this great existence. To ensure that art is regarded as an asset in a financial investment a meaningful and reliable step needed to be taken as a body of recommendations. In order to ensure this, in Nigerian, the tourists should be informed of the viability of art and how to diversity their investment portfolio so as to maximize benefit.
CHAPTER TWELVE UNDERSTANDDING THE CONTENTS OF RELIGION AND DEMOCRACY FOR ART AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Emotimi Agbere, Federal College of Education Katsina, Katdina State Christian Religious Studies Department +2347037251006 The inception of democracy in African Countries’ means of governance has benefited the masses such that Nigerians have being given the opportunities to be freely expressing their democratic rights. Despite the fact that Nigeria is a democratic nation, her democracy is plagued with insecurity, underdevelopment, and sufferings because art and touring have not being properly introduced into the system. This section of text book views the foregoing amongst others and proffers that if the citizen repost unalloyed love on the supreme personality of Godhead, automatically religion crisis will thrive. The issue of peace in sustainable democracy for art and tourism development focuses on the survival of any nation, much as it is a necessary condition for development in all ramifications.
In this vein, Krishnapada, (1996) stipulated that: An important function of any leader is to create a congenial atmosphere in art and tourism with which people of different religious inclinations have the opportunity to address conflicts honestly and resolve them for the benefit of all. Nigeria’s two major religious faiths: Islam and Christian have had pretty numbers of conflict with different views regarding art and tourism, (Oguagha, 1994). The consequence of such religions disturbances cannot be dissociated from drastic toll on lives and properties. Carnage of September, 2008 is a case that had a great impact on the affected citizen. Democracy in Nigeria is face with a lot of problems that is hindering the plan for sustainable peaceful development. Unemployment had been one of the major challenges of democracy in Nigeria. There is a common aphorism that says ‘’an idle mind is the devil’s workshop’’. Such minds are easily manipulated to commit crimes against the state. Here, religion crisis is associated with lack of beneficial employment. More than a few religion disturbances are carried out or executed by persons who are not gainfully employed. It is not uncommon to see energetic school leavers roaming the streets aimlessly. Such person may be easily become useful tools in hands of agents of religious crisis. Therefore, government should formulate policies that would assuage the unemployment problems. When religion is practiced under the mentor of holy man and woman who understand art and tourism, it creates a cohesive force conductive for sustainable democracy and national development. When one supplies food to the stomach through the month he satisfies all the various parts of the body. in a similar vein, if we repose all of our loving proclivities upon the supreme personality of Godhead, immediately tranquility, unity, sustainable democracy and national development would be automatically attained (Wikipedia). The enlightened leadership has to be embedded with truth, such that religious tolerance, peaceful co-existence, sustainable democracy and national development would reign. Efficiency and effectiveness are prerequisites of peaceful sustainable democracy and national development: O’ Keffee, (1995) asserts that “efficiency is doing things right, and effectiveness is doing the right things.
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