Squiggle is the movement of lines of watery polymeric medium or paint that are drawn and painted in a care-free way of divine scribble of twist and curl
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- Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
- Impediments to peace in a democratic era
- Roles of Religious bodies in entrenching peaceful environment through Art and Tourism
- Nigerian Art
- African Art.
- ART COMPETITIONS ATTANZIL ISLAMIC MODEL COLLEGE
National Development through Art and Tourism The term development has no universally accepted definition. Nkem, (1997: 233) sees development as; An attempt to build a “better” society, a society characterized by greater material prosperity and better life chances for the majority of the population, a society characterized by significant improvement in the peoples capacity to understand, control and transform their environment for their own good and that of humanity in general, a society which opens up new opportunities for personal up-grading and cultural fulfillment, and a society in which creativity, productivity, fairness and popular participation are enhanced solely depend on art and tourism. Shonekan, (2005), also sees development as people centered. It is about improve standards of living for the people and improve access to other provisions by the government. Thus, our understanding of national development should take cognizance of our cultural and traditional value systems. This is corroborated by Ogai, (2003) where he opines that, national development deals with human endowments, national and physical factors as well as physiological factor. National development embraces all aspects of social behaviour such as establishment of law and order, honestly in which African values and morality has a role to play. Religion, acts as a catalyst; it exerts great influence on the affairs of the society, the church and the home. Religion is seen as a promoter of growth and development by promoting a positive attitude towards honestly, discipline and hard work. The scripture says not to let anyone have any food if he refused to do any work. Ekponobi, (1993), defines
Peaceful may be defined as a process of acquiring the values, the knowledge and developing the attitudes, skills, and behaviours to live in harmony with oneself, and others and with natural environment. In the absence of peace, there will be no development in the society. Therefore, the movement of tourists from different part of a country or world at large will elevate the idea and practice of peaceful coexistence. Democracy Democracy is a system in which no one can invest himself with the power to rule and therefore, no one can arrogate to himself unconditional and unlimited power. Democracy is a system of governance in which rulers are held accountable for their actions in the public realm by citizens. In view of this, the movement of tourists from different part of a country or world at large will enable the tourists and the county people have the exchange of government ideologies. Impediments to peace in a democratic era A peaceful society is characterized by healthy developments in all its ramifications where this prevails, citizens go about unmolested and unhindered in their day to-day activities. Peace therefore is the penance to healthy interpersonal, community and societal relationships in the content of art and touriam. Pali and Wadak (2001:79) are of the view that there had been peaceful co-existence in our society in spite of the existence of the two religions- Islam and Christianity when considering the movement of tourists from different part of a country or world at large. The antagonistic attitudes which are prevalent among the followers of Christianity and Islamic religions portend dangerous relationship for the polity. The politicians and the elites have to a larger degree exploited this loophole to their advantages. the plethora of religious insecurity and political crisis in this nation from the 1980’s up to date have laid much credence on the misgivings in our nation. The hatred and dislike for one ethnic group or the other is greatly rooted in colonial legacy. Turaki (1993) noted the differential treatment of ethnic groups by the colonial masters. The inherent prejudices and discriminations portend bad relationship between the people. Awaigba (2012) is of the view that the seed planted by the colonial masters has germinated, grown and the conflicts that we have experienced between Tiv and Jukun as well as other ethnic enclaves since Nigeria’s independence is the manifestation of the fruits produced by what the British planted. In this country, we have witnessed several religious and ethnic crisis such as that of Zango-Kataf, Tafawa-Balewa, Tiv-Jukun-Fulani in Taraba State, Kano riots, Jos plateau carnage, Kafanchan, the 2011 post election crisis with religious undertones Maduagwu (2012) laying credence to the post election crisis observed that:
In the actual sense, crisis does no one any good; in times of crisis, peace and freedom of the people is curtailed. The insecurity in the land is a source of concern. The northern states of Borno, Yobe Adamawa, Kano, Bauchi and Kaduna had been battling with insecurity problems in the current political dispensation. (Ibrahim etal 2013) are of the opinion that insurgency in parts of the country was created with the aim of undermining the economy and development of Nigeria. “Many residents had relocated from insecurity prone towns or states to relatively peaceful and conducive towns. Such dislocation has caused the country serious economic woes and underdevelopment so it is imperative to point out that without peace no meaningful development can take place. To compound the problems of the nation, the politicians are not helping the policy, but rather creating more insecurity problems. Worthy of note is the crisis which occurred in Rivers State House of Assembly, Chambers on July 8, 2013, where there was a free for all fight between two lawmakers (Wikipedia). This act shows the immaturity of our ruling elites. What lessons have the younger ones to learn from our politicians? Can youths or children learn positive values from negative values and attitude which the politicians generate? It is an open secret that politicians use political Thugs during campaigns to intimidate the political opponents and after the elections the thugs are often abandoned by their masters and this create insecurity problems through armed robbery, kidnapping, murder, raping, involvement in rituals and drugs. When all these occur, peace is been threatened.
The need for peaceful co-existence of adherents of Christianity and Islam cannot be undermined. In several communities, membership of these religions are often from the same family or wombs such that one cannot separate the kindred on religious dichotomy: pali and wadak 2001) are of the view that the problem we have today especially in Nigeria, is not with religion itself, but rather with misuse and abuse of religion in the society”. Both Christianity and Islam are religions of peace but events or incidents occurring in some quarters of the country have proved this to the contrary. In most, instances, the inter and intra crisis with religious circles are affronts to peace. Our religious leaders ought to be arrow heads in the search for peace in the land. Hence, Pali and Wadak (2001:78) further observed that “there is nothing that preached peace like religion, so religion if giving rightful place in the society will give the peace that the world cannot give and everyone will be happy”. If all adherents of religions have the cardinal goals of making people irrespective of their religious leanings and ethnic backgrounds happy the world would be ideal places to live in our religious leaders have to bear in mind that they have to preach and teach on virtues that promote and enhance the survival of human beings. Leaders of Religions have to understand the fact of the willingness to live together as a people and not minding the devise concepts like “settlers”, “hosts”,” Guest”, “immigrants”, indigenes, sons of the soils etc (Anyebe 2011). People tend to live peacefully when there is no trace of discrimination and all are treated equally. The basic problems we are facing in this country is lack of right values corruption and social problems we are facing in this country are as a result of poor values by both, those in low and high positions. Anyebe (2011) rightly observed that, “values are not innate but acquired or learned through experiences and interacting with others”. Can religions leaders help in entrenching rightful values which could lead to helpful co-existence in the nation? There is the need for both Christian and Islamic religious leaders to show concern on how they could chart the course of institutionalizing values in their religious polity. This could be done through organizing joint seminars lectures and workshops where both adherents could learn common elements and discuss issues that can lead to the growth of the nation. There is the need for both religious leaders to imbibe the concept of “golden rule in their members”. Ninyo (2001) observes that this rule has been mostly verbalized and not executed. If this is done, there would be much love care and concern in the land. Conclusion Insecurity is a problem that affects everyone negatively regardless of tribes, race, nationality, gender, age, or religion Security can only come through renewal of man, not rituals by man, a love for mankind which will usher in peace and thereby lead to national development. Religious leaders of the two major religions, has a role to play since both religious faiths preaches about love and peace. It will sustain our democracy. Based on the assessment in this text book, the following ways forward are expected to be put forward:
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