Tez özetleri Astronomi ve Uzay Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı 2

Derıvatıon Of Recoverable Products From Waste Tıre By Pyrolysıs/Gasıfıcatıon
Disposal of waste tires which is one of the global environmental problems continues the presence thereof as a serious problem, especially in developed countries. Transport, storage and stashing away thereof without harming the environment create a great financial burden. This issue is being studied in many parts of the world. Pyrolysis and gasification processes stand out due to making possible the disposal of waste tires and obtaining products that can be employed in energy recovery.
In this study, it has been researched if useful products that can be employed in any area can be obtained from waste tires that have completed the physical life thereof by virtue of thermochemical processing’s. Experimental studies have been conducted in the Environmental Engineering laboratory located within Istanbul University Faculty of Engineering. Analysis which could not be performed within the laboratory facilities were performed in an accredited laboratory. Obtaining high-quality products (solid-liquid-gas) in the thermal processes mainly depend on the elemental contents of the fuel (waste tires) utilized. As such, the characterization of raw materials was performed before performing the experiments. As a result of the elemental analysis weight of the raw material was found to contain carbon (by 80.38%) and hydrogen (by 8.67%). Pyrolysis and gasification tests were carried out in a fixed-bed-reactor with cyclone separator and 100 g of raw material was used in all experiments.
Pyrolysis experiments were conducted at various temperatures (300ºC, 400ºC, 500ºC, 600ºC and 700ºC) and nitrogen, employed as agent gas, was given batch and continuously during the process. Gasification experiments were conducted at temperatures of 600ºC, 700ºC and 800ºC and in different dry air and pure oxygen flow rates (0.05 L/min, 0.1 L/min, 0.2 L/min, 0.3 L/min, 0.4 L/min, 0.5 L/min). Pyrolysis pretreated gasification test was conducted for observing the effect of different conditions on product yields and gasification process was performed by giving 0.05 L/min of dry air and pure oxygen subsequent to two different pyrolysis of 1 and 4 hours. In all experiments, CO, CO_2, H_2, CH₄ and O₂ quantities in the resulting gas were measured in volumetric percentage by on-line gas analyzers. Mass weighing of the liquid and solid products was taken and elemental analysis and calorific value analyses of the liquid products obtained in optimum conditions were conducted.
When the results of the experimental studies were evaluated, it was found that a synthesis gas rich in CH₄ and H₂ with a high calorific value was obtained in gasification experiments performed by giving 0.05 L/min of dry air. The liquid product quantities obtained in the pyrolysis and gasification of waste tires were found to be at the highest level at 700°C and 800°C. In the study, the calorific values of the obtained liquid and solid products pyrolysis products ​​were determined as 9117 kcal/m³ and 8710 kcal/kg respectively.
It has been concluded that pyrolysis and gasification methods can be used as alternative methods in the management of waste tires which have big environmental and economic damages in national and international scale.
  

BÜKER Nazan

Danışman : Prof. Dr. Nilgün BALKAYA

Anabilim Dalı : Çevre Mühendisliği

Programı : -

Mezuniyet Yılı : 2014

Tez Savunma Jürisi : Prof. Dr. Nilgün BALKAYA

Prof. Dr. Hüseyin SELÇUK

Prof. Dr. Saadet Kevser PABUCCUOĞLU

Doç. Dr. Mehmet KOBYA

Doç. Dr. Nihal BEKTAŞ