Tez özetleri Astronomi ve Uzay Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı 2

The Oxidative Effect of Zearalenone on TM3 Leydig Cells
The purpose of this study is to show the oxidative effect of zearalenone on TM3 Leydig cell line by determining cell viability, cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) activity, amount of total reactive oxygen species and apoptotic index.
Mycotoxins are fungal metabolites that grow on food in optimal conditions which require an environment which must be wet and to a particular temperature. These metabolites cause deterioration of the product’s quality and quantity via reproduction in raw and unprocessed materials. A total of 25% of world food production is contaminated with at least one mycotoxin. Mycotoxins have negative effects on human health and their toxicological effects are carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic. There are a range of mycotoxin forms such as aflatoxin, ochratoxin and zearalenone. Zearalenone is a nonsteroidal estrogenic mycotoxin that is produced by mildew fungus species such as Fusarium. It is known to be the only estrogen that is produced by fungus. The most prevalent foods with zearalenone are maize, cornflakes, corn beer, bread, walnut and animal feedstuffs. It can pass through the milk of animals that have been feeding on contaminated with zearalenone, therefore, it is found in raw and pasteurized milk, milk powder and cheese.
Zearalenone has genotoxic, hepatotoxic, hematotoxic and carcinogenic effects on living organisms. Zearalenone causes infertility so it effects the system of reproduction, furthermore, it has as well as disrupting endocrine effects. In vivo studies have shown that zearalenone causes the reduction in testis weight and serum testosterone levels in animals exposed to zearalenone. Also, it can cause a decrease in the epididymal and testicular sperm counts. According to in vitro studies, zearalenone causes a reduction in sperm viability and disrupts the chromatin structure.
Zearalenone was exposed to TM3 Leydig cells for 24 hours at 1,2 nM and 6 nM doses. Cell viability, cell proliferation, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and apoptosis/necrosis rate were measured in Leydig cells. The results indicated that cell viability, lipit peroxidation, hydroxyl radical, amount of hydrogen peroxide and apoptosis/necrosis rate are increased, while cell proliferation is decreased. This findings indicate that zearalenone induced apoptosis depending on producing of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipit peroxidation.