Tez özetleri Astronomi ve Uzay Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı

Applıcatıon Of Modern Control Methods On Load Dıstrıbutıon Systems
Today in Turkey, a national load distribution main center and regional load dispatch centers linked with this main center resides for controlling energy generation and transmission lines.

Beyond, the exhaled carbon emmission problem while generating electricity has increasing importance in nowadays but there is not a study in our country yet about this issue.

In this thesis, Trachia(Trakya) Load Distribution Centre which has the facilities of seven Natural Gas Combined Cycle Plants, forty Gas Turbine Plants and five Fuel-Oil Turbine Plants is modeled and controlled via modern optimization techniques by considering today’s condition of energy transmission lines. There are fourteen units in Aformentioned Natural Gas Combined Cycle Plants, ninety-six units in Gas Turbine Plants and ten units in Fuel-Oil Turbine Plants in total one hundered and twenty units.

It is a very huge optimization problem to determine the unit production set value in such large amount of units operating in company. For modelling this problem, integer programming technique is used and for solution of problem, branch-bound and plane of shear algorithm is used. Moreover, for easy of use despite of we are based on main plants in real life optimizations are based on units. In addition, on the purpose of observing how carbon emmission costs as well as today’s application of electicity production costs effecting the optimization, a carbon emmision stock exchange application which will probably be applied to our country according to Kyoto Protocol is designed and results are compared.

The simulation have been made by using the optimized production set values on the realistic environment and The effects of modern control and optimization methods to the active power-frequency control could be observed clearly. On the condition that all controllers on the modelling electrical generation plants will be the same every time, firstly PI controller and PI controller whose parameters was optimized with the Partical Swarm Optimization method (PSO-PI), PI controller whose parameters was optimized with the Artificical Bee Colony optimization method (YAK-PI), PID controller, PID controller whose parameters was optimized with the Partical Swarm Optimization method (PSO-PID) and PID controller whose parameters was optimized with Artificial Bee Colony optimization method (YAK-PID) respectively, namely six different controller was used.

It is observed that when the results obtained examine in terms of electrical generation set points optimization, as expected electrical production costs has increased by taking into account the cost of carbon emissions. In addition to this, the amount of emission of carbon released into the atmosphere are significantly decreased. For this reason, in order to prevent the increasing pollution, the implementation of such practices is essential.

It has been understood that when the active power-frequency simulation results are examined, PSO-PID controller has to be used for electrical generation plants unit controllers which require quick response where as YAK-PID controller has to be used for the control systems that require slower and smooth response.

The most important thing to remember is, if the more works are done on this topic, so that many results and experience are gained. My target with this thesis is to increase awareness on this issue in our country and to give some benefits to our country.

December 2013, 158 pages.

Keywords: Optimization of Load Distribution Centers, Carbon Emission, Modelling of Power Plants, Active Power-Frequency Control, Modern Control and Optimization Methods.