Additionally, we are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which generally prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any of a broad range of business combinations with any “ interested ” stockholder for a period of three years following the date on which the stockholder became an “ interested ” stockholder and which may discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of our company.
Any provision of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, bylaws or Delaware law that has the effect of delaying or deterring a change in control could limit the opportunity for our stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of our common stock, and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for our common stock.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive forum for: any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; any action asserting a breach of fiduciary duty; any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our bylaws; or any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. The choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder ’ s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officer and other employees. If a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business and financial condition.
None.
Item 2. Properties.
We lease space for our corporate headquarters in Salt Lake City, Utah pursuant to leases that expire in February 2025 and October 2027. We plan to move into additional office space in Pleasant Grove, Utah pursuant to a lease with a term of 10 years when the facility is completed. We also lease space in Chicago, Illinois for certain research and development functions pursuant to a lease that expires in July 2022 as well as office space in Seattle, Washington for engineering functions. We maintain our international headquarters in London, England and sales offices in Sydney, Australia, Hong Kong and Sao Paulo, Brazil. We believe our facilities are adequate for our current needs.
31
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
We are, and from time to time may be, party to litigation and subject to claims incident to the ordinary course of business. As our growth continues, we may become party to an increasing number of litigation matters and claims. The outcome of litigation and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, and the resolution of these matters could materially affect our future results of operations, cash flows or financial position. We are not presently party to any legal proceedings that in the opinion of management, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition or cash flows.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
32
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “INST.” Trading of our common stock commenced on November 13, 2015 in connection with our initial public offering. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sales price for our common stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.
|
|
2016
|
|
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
First quarter
|
|
$
|
22.38
|
|
|
$
|
13.79
|
|
Second quarter
|
|
$
|
21.88
|
|
|
$
|
16.73
|
|
Third quarter
|
|
$
|
25.66
|
|
|
$
|
18.58
|
|
Fourth quarter
|
|
$
|
26.66
|
|
|
$
|
18.65
|
|
|
|
2015
|
|
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
Fourth quarter (beginning November 13, 2015)
|
|
$
|
23.63
|
|
|
$
|
15.75
|
|
Holders
As of February 8, 2017, there were approximately 76 holders of record of our common stock. The actual number of stockholders is greater than this number of record holders and includes stockholders who are beneficial owners but whose shares are held in street name by brokers and other nominees.
Dividends
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We intend to retain all available funds and future earnings, if any, to fund the development and expansion of our business and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. The terms of our credit facility also restrict our ability to pay dividends, and we may also enter into debt instruments in the future that will restrict our ability to declare or pay cash dividends on our common stock. Any future determination related to dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will be dependent on a number of factors, including our earnings, capital requirements and overall financial condition.
33
Performance Graph
The following graph compares the performance of our common stock for the period indicated with the performance of the S&P 500 and the S&P 1500 Application Software Index. This graph assumes an investment of $100 on November 13, 2015 in each of our common stock, the S&P 500 and the S&P 1500 Application Software Index, and assumes reinvestment of dividends, if any. The stock price performance shown on the graph below is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.
This information under “Stock Performance Graph” is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is not to be incorporated by reference in any filing of Instructure, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and irrespective of any general incorporation language in those filings.
Sales of Unregistered Securities
None.
Use of Proceeds
On November 12, 2015, our registration statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-207349) was declared effective for our IPO. There has been no material change in the planned use of proceeds from our IPO from that described in the prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b)(4) under the Securities Act on November 13, 2015. As of December 31, 2016, we have used $34.9 million of the net IPO proceeds to fund our operations. As of December 31, 2016, no portion of the net IPO proceeds have been paid directly or indirectly by us to any of our directors or officers (or their associates) or persons owning ten percent or more of our equity securities, other than payments in the ordinary course of business to officers for salaries and bonuses, and payments to our directors for service on our Board of Directors.
34
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
You should read the selected consolidated financial data below in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements, related notes and other financial information included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The selected consolidated financial data in this section are not intended to replace the consolidated financial statements and are qualified in their entirety by the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The following selected consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The consolidated statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 and consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 has been derived from our audited financial statements not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in the future.
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2016
|
|
|
2015
|
|
|
2014
|
|
|
2013
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subscription and support
|
|
$
|
97,115
|
|
|
$
|
62,463
|
|
|
$
|
38,093
|
|
|
$
|
22,456
|
|
|
$
|
7,403
|
|
Professional services and other
|
|
|
13,765
|
|
|
|
10,730
|
|
|
|
6,259
|
|
|
|
3,599
|
|
|
|
1,371
|
|
Total revenue
|
|
|
110,880
|
|
|
|
73,193
|
|
|
|
44,352
|
|
|
|
26,055
|
|
|
|
8,774
|
|
Cost of revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subscription and support (1)(2)
|
|
|
24,252
|
|
|
|
17,682
|
|
|
|
12,131
|
|
|
|
8,581
|
|
|
|
4,346
|
|
Professional services and other (1)
|
|
|
8,497
|
|
|
|
6,391
|
|
|
|
2,982
|
|
|
|
2,039
|
|
|
|
2,748
|
|
Total cost of revenue
|
|
|
32,749
|
|
|
|
24,073
|
|
|
|
15,113
|
|
|
|
10,620
|
|
|
|
7,094
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
78,131
|
|
|
|
49,120
|
|
|
|
29,239
|
|
|
|
15,435
|
|
|
|
1,680
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales and marketing (1)(2)
|
|
|
69,991
|
|
|
|
53,459
|
|
|
|
35,390
|
|
|
|
20,702
|
|
|
|
11,912
|
|
Research and development (1)(2)(3)
|
|
|
35,973
|
|
|
|
24,151
|
|
|
|
21,290
|
|
|
|
11,242
|
|
|
|
4,698
|
|
General and administrative (1)(2)
|
|
|
25,542
|
|
|
|
23,482
|
|
|
|
11,268
|
|
|
|
5,321
|
|
|
|
3,411
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
131,506
|
|
|
|
101,092
|
|
|
|
67,948
|
|
|
|
37,265
|
|
|
|
20,021
|
|
Loss from operations
|
|
|
(53,375
|
)
|
|
|
(51,972
|
)
|
|
|
(38,709
|
)
|
|
|
(21,830
|
)
|
|
|
(18,341
|
)
|
Other income (expense):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income
|
|
|
352
|
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(87
|
)
|
|
|
(74
|
)
|
|
|
(136
|
)
|
|
|
(150
|
)
|
|
|
(7
|
)
|
Change in fair value of warrant liability
|
|
|
62
|
|
|
|
(653
|
)
|
|
|
(2,518
|
)
|
|
|
(545
|
)
|
|
|
(199
|
)
|
Other income (expense), net
|
|
|
(353
|
)
|
|
|
(201
|
)
|
|
|
(39
|
)
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
Total other expense, net
|
|
|
(26
|
)
|
|
|
(889
|
)
|
|
|
(2,661
|
)
|
|
|
(669
|
)
|
|
|
(195
|
)
|
Loss before income taxes
|
|
|
(53,401
|
)
|
|
|
(52,861
|
)
|
|
|
(41,370
|
)
|
|
|
(22,499
|
)
|
|
|
(18,536
|
)
|
Income tax expense
|
|
|
(167
|
)
|
|
|
(117
|
)
|
|
|
(57
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Net loss
|
|
$
|
(53,568
|
)
|
|
$
|
(52,978
|
)
|
|
$
|
(41,427
|
)
|
|
$
|
(22,499
|
)
|
|
$
|
(18,536
|
)
|
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