Yallow and Berson found high serum insulin in type diabetes, thus insulin resistance : common underlying biochemical abnormality

Genetic cause (thrifty genotype hypothesis. Neel JV, 1962)

• Genetic cause (thrifty genotype hypothesis. Neel JV, 1962)

• Fetal malnutrition (thrifty phenotype hypothesis. Barker DJP and Hales CN, 1992)

• 3 Mitochondrial dysfunction (Lee HK et al, 2006)

• Environmental chemicals (Baillie-Hamilton PF, 2002) and POPs (Lee DH et al, 2006)

This association was confirmed in Greenland (Inuit), Taiwan, Japan, Native American, Slovakia and Belgium (Dirink E et al. Obesity, 2010).

• This association was confirmed in Greenland (Inuit), Taiwan, Japan, Native American, Slovakia and Belgium (Dirink E et al. Obesity, 2010).

• An environment-wide association study (EWAS) on type 2 diabetes mellitus supported (Chirag J et al, PLoS One 2010)

• Confirmed in experimental studies (Lim S, PLoS One, 2009; Ruzzin J et al, Environ Health Persp, 2009)

Establishing cause-effect relationship between xenobiotics exposure and MS

• Establishing cause-effect relationship between xenobiotics exposure and MS

• 3 Koch’s postulates

• Etiologic treatment: drug development and clinical trials

POPs are very diverse, small, slowly act, dangerous to handle and ---

• POPs are very diverse, small, slowly act, dangerous to handle and ---

• Current detecting methods are too expensive

• Need cheap and valid method (for diagnosis): i.e. CALUX (chemically activated luciferase expression) assay

• Best way to eliminate toxins (evidence-based detoxification therapy)

Park KS, Cho YM, Lim S, KimPak Y, Lee W, and many collaborators, Korea

• Park KS, Cho YM, Lim S, KimPak Y, Lee W, and many collaborators, Korea

• Wei Y-H, Taiwan

• Nanjo K, Tanaka M. Japan

• Members of Molecular Diabetology in Asia