Abnormal Psychology Second Canadian Edition



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Abnormal Psychology Second Canadian Edition

  • Gerald C. Davison

  • John M. Neale

  • Kirk R. Blankstein

  • Gordon L. Flett


Chapter 1

  • Introduction:

  • Definitional and Historical Considerations



What is Abnormal Behaviour?



What Is Abnormal Behaviour?

  • Violation of norms

  • Personal distress

  • Disability or dysfunction

  • Unexpectedness



What is Abnormal Behaviour?

  • “Because the field is continually evolving, it is not possible to offer a simple definition of abnormality that captures it in its entirety. The characteristics presented constitute a partial definition, but they are not equally applicable to every diagnosis.”

  • Davison, Neale, Blankstein, & Flett

  • Abnormal Psychology, Second Canadian Edition



The Mental Health Professions

  • Clinical psychologist

    • Ph.D. or Psy.D.
  • Psychiatrist

    • M.D.
    • Prescriptions
  • Psychoanalyst



The Mental Health Professions

  • Social worker

  • Counseling psychologist

  • Psychiatric nurse



History of Psychopathology

  • Early demonology

    • Demonology
    • Exorcism
    • Trepanning


History of Psychopathology

  • Somatogenesis

    • Somatogenesis versus psychogenesis
    • Hippocrates
    • Mania, melancholia, phrenitis
    • Four humours (i.e., blood, black bile, yellow bile, phlegm)


History of Psychopathology

  • Dark Ages and Demonology

    • Persecution of witches (Malleus Maleficarum)
    • Witchcraft and mental illness


History of Psychopathology

  • Development of asylums

    • Asylums
    • Bethlehem (Bedlam)
      • Benjamin Rush (1745-1813)
    • Moral treatment
      • Philippe Pinel (1745-1826)
      • Dorothy Dix (1802-1877)


Asylums in Canada



Asylums in Canada



Asylums in Canada



The Beginning of Contemporary Thought

  • An early system of classification

    • Emil Kraepelin (1856-1926)
    • Syndrome (e.g., dementia praecox, manic-depressive psychosis)
  • General paresis and Syphilis

  • Psychogenesis



The Beginning of Contemporary Thought

  • Mesmer

  • Charcot

  • Breuer and the cathartic method

    • Anna O.


Lesson of History

  • Cycles of persecution, neglect and humanitarianism in the treatment of the mentally ill have occurred irrespective of the helping agency.

  • Periods in which people who exhibited psychologically disordered behaviour were persecuted and treated cruelly have often alternated with periods of humanitarian reform and care for suffering people.



Lesson of History

  • Just as we now look back on what were once accepted treatments with revulsion, future generations may regard some of our more recent and current practices as cruel and inhumane.

  • Recent reforms may easily be reversed during adverse economic, political, and social conditions.



The Mental Hospital in Canada

  • Medicare

  • Provincial psychiatric hospitals

  • Milieu therapy

  • Community treatment orders (CTOs)



Attitudes Toward People with Psychological Disorders

  • Stereotyping

  • Stigmatization

  • Canadian Mental Health Association (CMHA)



Treatment and Prevention

  • Deinstitutionalization

  • Best practice methods

  • Evidence-based treatments

  • Help seeking

  • Community psychology

  • The Future: The Romanow Report



Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted by Access Copyright (The Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency) is unlawful. Requests for further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his or her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The author and the publisher assume no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information contained herein.



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