Usa patriot & fisa amendments Acts

USA PATRIOT & FISA Amendments Acts

• USA PATRIOT & FISA Amendments Acts

• Expanded surveillance capabilities
• Interception of messages
• Meta-data capture with reduced judicial oversight
• Extends to “protected computers” outside the US
• Gag orders

• NSA Warrantless Wiretapping

• Fibre-optic “splitters” at major internet gateways
• San Francisco, Seattle, San Jose, Los Angeles, San Diego, Atlanta, + ~10 others (see Klein 2009; Bamford, 2008)

Routes originate and terminate in Canada, but transit the US

• Routes originate and terminate in Canada, but transit the US

• Very common! ~25% in IXmaps database

• Why?

• Capacity/congestion? Economic efficiency? Carrier interconnection policies

http://www.bell.ca/web/enterprise/bbm/secure-canadian-data-centres-mpls.html?ETCID=Print_07052013_en_DataResidency_emk

• http://www.bell.ca/web/enterprise/bbm/secure-canadian-data-centres-mpls.html?ETCID=Print_07052013_en_DataResidency_emk

Little ISP transparency overall (30/200 stars)

• Little ISP transparency overall (30/200 stars)

• Smaller/Canadian ISPs better than larger/foreign ISPs

• No Canadian ISPs post Transparency Reports

• Unlike Google, Facebook, Twitter, AT&T, Microsoft,…

• Very little transparency about:

• normal retention periods
• personal data including ‘meta-data’, device IDs
• routing location/jurisdictions

• Hand-offs to non PIPEDA-compliant carriers?

Keep Canadian data in Canada

• Keep Canadian data in Canada

• away from NSA surveillance

• Require ISP transparency

• 3rd party requests/demands
• law access requirements
• retention periods
• routing and storage jurisdictions
• carrier hand-off policies

• Fix CSEC and our own mass state surveillance

Try it out and get more information at: http://IXmaps.ca

• Try it out and get more information at: http://IXmaps.ca

Project team:

• Project team:

• Andrew Clement,1 Steve Harvey, 3 Yannet Lathrop,1 Colin McCann,1 Nancy Paterson12 & Gabby Resch1

• 1 Faculty of Information, Univ of Toronto 2 OCAD University 3 Independent

• Funding:

• Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC)

• Office of the Privacy Commissioner (OPC) of Canada

• References:

• Bamford, James (2008) The Shadow Factory: The Ultra-Secret NSA from 9/11 to the Eavesdropping on America. Doubleday.

• Klein, Mark (2009) Wiring Up The Big Brother Machine...And Fighting It. Booksurge.

• Landau, Susan (2011) Surveillance or Security? The Risks Posed by New Wiretapping Technologies, MIT Press.