Bibliography: Land Degradation in South Africa project

these 'successes' could be better publicised, these positive experiences could

contribute tremendously to educate people in more effective desertification

control. This could not only answer the question of what can be done, but also

help create a renewed mood of confidence that the problem of desertification can

be conquered. With this in mind, a sample format is attached. In response,

First "Saving the Drylands" awards highlight eight outstanding contributions to

combating desertification (1995), is attached. A further project, the "Jhanwar

Watershed Project: Evaluation Report" is also attached.

Ref ID : 1068

33. Anonymous Monitoring requirements for fynbos management: a collaborative

report of the Fynbos Forum Group. FRD Programme Series No11. Marais, C. and

Richardson, D.M. Pretoria:Foundation for Research Development. :1-136, 1993.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : FYNBOS; VELD CONDITION; ALIEN PLANTS; MONITORING; BIBLIOGRAPHY;

LEGISLATION

Notes : A two-day workshop was convened during March 1993 by the Fynbos Forum on

the topic of "Monitoring Requirements for Fynbos Management". The following is

a brief summary of the conclusions reached at the workshop. The working groups

felt that monitoring programs should be comprehensive but standardized. The

development of programs should be directly linked to formal goals, priorities

and requirements of user agencies such as CNC and the Department of Agriculture.

There was consensus between the groups that there is a need for a data catalogue

- a document that details the status, availability and locality of currently

available data sets that could be used for monitoring. Many participants knew

of data sets that have not been analysed and others that had been analysed but

not used or interpreted. The need for such a catalogue as a reference was

therefore identified. The proposed catalogue should be of such a nature that it

can be used as a working tool for managers. It was felt that an update of

fynbos literature should be included in the data catalogue. Once the catalogue

has been drawn up, it can be decided who will analyze the data that has not been

analysed, and how. The following needs were identified for the future: (1) an

inventory of all monitoring efforts; (2) monitoring should be 'monitored' to

evaluate methods, standards, techniques etc.; (3) a bibliography of projects

that have used surveying techniques, which could be used in monitoring programs;

(4) a co-ordinating institution or person, should be appointed to co-ordinate

all monitoring programs, or link up with such programs in the Fynbos region; (5)

client needs should be investigated. What does the public want and what can the

environment offer?; (6) the success of environmental education programs should

be monitored to evaluate the benefit of the effect of these programs on the

environment; and (7) it was felt that new legislation should make provision for

monitoring of the environment. A resolution was adopted by the Meeting stating

that the Foundation for Research Development (FRD) should be approached by the

Fynbos Forum to fund a project for the drawing up of a data catalogue. It was

felt that this is necessary to eliminate duplication and to assist in

identifying new research and monitoring projects. The catalogue will also put

the forum in a position to link up with the national monitoring program.

Ref ID : 1170

34. Anonymous Livestock production systems: principles and practice, Brooklyn,

South Africa:Agri-Development Foundation, 1993.pp. 1-403.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION; FARMING SYSTEMS

Ref ID : 1293

35. Anonymous Community perspectives on land and agrarian reform in South

Africa. Levine, R. and Weiner, D. University of the Witwatersrand:Johannesburg.

, 1994. Final report to the MacArthur Foundation.

Reprint : Not in File,

Keywords : COMMUNAL AREA; INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS; LAND REFORM

Ref ID : 1536

36. Anonymous Desertification treaty on the way. Science News 146(19):303(1),

1994.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : POPULATION; DESERTIFICATION ASSESSMENT; DESERTIFICATION CONTROL

Notes : The article reports that UNEP estimates that the welfare of up to 900

million persons may be in jeopardy from desertification. A worldwide growth of

dry lands also threatens many species with extinction. Hoping to slow or even

reverse desertification, representatives of 87 nations signed a convention in

Paris on October 14 and 15. First proposed at the June 1992 Earth Summit in Rio

de Janeiro, this document will become an international treaty when ratified by

50 of these countries.

Ref ID : 1173

37. Anonymous Kleinveesiektes/Livestock illnesses, Cape Town:Tafelberg, 1994.pp.

1-201.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION

Ref ID : 131

38. Anonymous WISE land use symposium. Proceedings of a workshop held on the 26-

27 October 1995. de Villiers, M.C.Anonymous Pretoria, South Africa:Agricultural

Research Council: The Institute for Soil, Climate & Water. :1-118, 1995.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : LAND USE; CLIMATE; MONITORING; REMOTE SENSING

Notes : This conference was concluded with the following paragraph: "The

research effort already put into development of water balance modelling, soil

water modelling, vegetative stress techniques and variable climate management

and monitoring could be largely lost if a concerted effort were not put into

making this information available to the farmers, agricultural managers and

planners. Here decision support would be various analytical tools that provide

an integrated framework to test management options at the individual farm level.

Economic trends, with financial management options would give farmers and

managers valuable alternatives for a scientifically formulated management

strategy. These systems should draw on the best available information. Remote

sensing techniques, with its monitoring facility, coupled with a real time

meteorological network, is well suited to play a vital role in the farmers' and

agricultural managers' campaign to make full and productive use of all available

resources in the formulation and functioning of management programmes.".

Ref ID : 107

39. Anonymous Proceedings of the National Research and Development Workshop on

the Assessment and Monitoring of desertification in South Africa. A report from

a National Workshop held in Pretoria, South Africa, 10-12 October 1995.

Badenhorst, N.Anonymous Pretoria:The Institute for Soil, Climate & Water. :1-

112, 1995. 10-10-1995.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : DESERTIFICATION ASSESSMENT; MONITORING

Notes : Although it is well acknowledged that desertification is an extremely

diverse subject encompassing multidisciplinary facets like social sciences,

human dimensions, as well as economic, political and educational issues, the

scope of this workshop was to address issues pertaining to the natural resources

side of desertification specifically. The objectives were: to review current

knowledge on the status, extent and trends of desertification in South Africa

with emphasis on the following natural resources -vegetation, soils and water;

to facilitate networking of researchers involved in desertification studies; to

identify research and development priorities for addressing desertification; and

to discuss the implementation of operational monitoring and early warning

systems.

Ref ID : 1531

40. Anonymous Monitoring Environmental Progress.Anonymous Washington:The

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. , 1995.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : MONITORING; POLICY; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; POLITICAL ASPECTS

Notes : The empirical base for decision-making regarding environmentally

sustainable development is weak. This report arose from the realisation by the

World Bank that little was being done to improve the situation in ways that

would respond to policymakers' concerns. Despite some early work, there was

little prospect of policy relevant indicators even some years down the road.

The World Bank was a user rather than a compiler of indicators. Nevertheless,

it considered the issue important enough to play a more proactive role by

ensuring proper communication between users and compilers. To that end,

meetings were convened and studies were commissioned in particular areas. This

report spotlights the brighter picture that emerged for users, thanks to

unprecedented collaboration among international agencies, national authorities,

non-governmental organisations and academics active in this area.

Ref ID : 392

41. Anonymous Serving small-scale farmers: An evaluation of the DBSA farmer

support programmes, Johannesburg:Development Bank of Southern Africa, 1995.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION

Ref ID : 1534

42. Anonymous Report of the UNEP/RIVM workshop on UNEP's pilot global

environmental outlook project focusing on land degradation and food production.

Environment Assessment Programme. UNEP. Bilthoven:UNEP. , 1995.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : LAND DEGRADATION; MODELS; INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS; ENERGY

Notes : Conclusions and recommendations included findings on data issues; scale

issues; model/approach issues; and driving forces, processes and indicators.

Ref ID : 126

43. Anonymous Report of the ESA Working Group on Land Degradation. Arbuthnot,

J.D. Pretoria, South Africa:Department of Agriculture. :1-74, 1995.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : LAND DEGRADATION; DESERTIFICATION ASSESSMENT; DIRECTORY

Ref ID : 1175

44. Anonymous Desert Margins Initiative: an integrated national, regional, and

international research program for developing sustainable natural resource

management options to combat land degradation in sub-Saharan Africa.

Consolidated report on national workshops in South Africa, Kenya, Mali, Namibia,

Burkina Faso, Senegal, Zimbabwe, Niger, and Botswana, Niamey,

Niger:International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics

(ICRISAT), 1996.pp. 1-229.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT; LAND DEGRADATION; DESERTIFICATION CONTROL

Ref ID : 2044

45. Anonymous Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Low, A.B. and

Rebelo, A.G. Pretoria:Department of Environment Affairs and Tourism. , 1996.

Reprint : Not in File,

Keywords : LESOTHO; SWAZILAND

Ref ID : 1103

46. Anonymous Water resources in Southern Africa: constraints to development.

Proceedings of a symposium hosted by the Southern African Institute of

Ecologists and Environmental Scientists on 24 May 1996 in the Senate Hall at

UNISA in Pretoria. Davis, G.Anonymous :1-24, 1996.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : WATER CONSERVATION

Notes : The process of water availability, supply, quality and various

management options available are discussed. Some attempt is made to resolve the

fundamental dilemma by providing the following suggestions: technocratic

approaches alone do not provide long-term solutions; 'superficial' public

participation will fail; comprehensive and effective sharing is required; the

roles of stakeholders must be clarified and communicated; and there is a need to

create the capacity amongst stakeholders for effective participation.

Ref ID : 149

47. Anonymous Economic implications of different land use regimes in the Mhala

district. 1996.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : LAND USE; ECONOMIC ASPECTS; SOUTHERN AFRICA; CONSERVATION

Notes : This study was commissioned by the Development Bank of Southern Africa.

Abstract : This study focused mainly on the analysis of the different land use

options available to the people at the perimeter of Game Reserves in Mhala.

Impacts of the current land use options on the livelihood of the people involved

were quantified and future possible land use alternatives were analysed against

some criteria. Communal households perform poorly with regard to general

welfare of their members. Households with lower welfare positions are bigger

and own less livestock. These households support communal ownership of all

land. If something is not done to their general welfare, it will have

disastrous ripple effects for future generations. The wealthier respondents are

in favour of agricultural schemes for a selected few and of the enforcement of

rotational grazing. The Uthla commercial land use regime alternative succeeds

to support its households with larger incomes, but at the expense of those from

whom land was taken away. The Seville scheme has a positive impact on income

per household, but performs poorly per adult equivalent. Both schemes are highly

subsidised. A combination of communal and conservation land use alternatives

was found to be the best land use alternative through which the communities'

welfare will be maximised and the environment conserved.

Ref ID : 142

48. Anonymous Consultative process for Desert White Paper in South Africa. The

Circular on Desertification (15):5, 1996.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : POLICY; UN CONVENTION

Ref ID : 106

49. Anonymous Inventory of desertification projects in South Africa. Badenhorst,

N.C.Anonymous Pretoria, South Africa:The Institute for Soil, Climate & Water.

:1-49, 1996.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : DIRECTORY; MONITORING

Notes : This document is a summary of a questionnaire on desertification related

research conducted by participants in a workshop entitled "National Research and

Development Workshop on the Assessment and Monitoring of Desertification in

South Africa" held in Pretoria on 10-12 October 1995.

Ref ID : 130

50. Anonymous Agricultural land reform policies for the Northern Province. Land

Management and Rural Development Programme. de Villiers, A. Sovenga, South

Africa:University of the North. 1:iii-54, 1996. Political policies from the

previous government on the ownership and use of land led to a highly skewed

distribution of rural land in South Africa. Within the Northern Province the

policy of separate development resulted in the emergence of two distinct rural

worlds of large-scale commercial white farming, and subsistence black farming in

the former homelands. The land reform programme faces the challenge of

addressing political injustices of the past without damaging the productive

capacity of commercial agriculture. Land reform should thus focus on both equity

and production objectives. The report provides an overview of the present

political and legal framework for land reform in South Africa. The practical

experiences with land reform in Zimbabwe over the past fifteen years provide

useful lessons for South Africa. Note is taken of a range of viewpoints on land

reform issues from four interest groups in the Northern Province. A number of

policy issues affecting land reform are analysed, namely, the restoration of

land rights, market assisted land redistribution, the role of land tax, farm

size and production efficiency, guidelines for farmer settlement, and options

for land tenure reform. Finally, guidelines on the access to resources and

opportunities, maintenance of production capacity, conservation of natural

resources, and diverse land tenure arrangements, are used to formulate policy

proposals on land restitution, land redistribution, settlement of new farmers,

and land tenure reform for the Northern Province.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : LAND REFORM; AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT; NORTHERN PROVINCE; RURAL

DEVELOPMENT; POLICY; COMMUNAL AREA; SAVANNA

Ref ID : 536

51. Anonymous Global climate change and South Africa, Cleveland:Environmental

Scientific Association, 1996.-160.

Reprint : Not in File,

Keywords : CLIMATE CHANGE

Ref ID : 2259

52. Anonymous Vegetation in southern Africa, Cambridge:Cambridge University

Press, 1997.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : SOUTHERN AFRICA

Ref ID : 1105

53. Anonymous Maputaland: Focus on the Quaternary evolution of the south-east

African coastal plain. Field guide and abstracts, INQUA Commission on Quaternary

Shorelines, Africa subcommission workshop, 19-26 April 1997,

Pietermaritzburg:Council for Geoscience, 1997.pp. iii-104.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : PALAEOENVIRONMENTS; SAVANNA; KWAZULU NATAL

Notes : The concept of a multidisciplinary workshop on the coastal plain region

has been mooted for some time, but it was the availability of INQUA-sponsorship

which provided the impetus for scientists from diverse disciplines to interact

during a field-based workshop. The goal of the subcommission is to encourage

communication between persons interested in the evolution of the African

continental margin or castal zone during the past 2.4 million years. The

workshop theme draws attention to an area where significant research is being

undertaken, which can serve as a reference framework for less intensely studied

areas to the north. Discussion between scientiests involved in the Maputaland

region, including the southern Mozambique and northern KwaZulu-Natal coastal

plains, could encourage better understanding of the lithostratigraphic framework

and interpretations of sea-level change used in the respective areas.

Ecologists and wildlife conservationists were involved, as was a strong

delegation representing the commercial sector.

Ref ID : 799

54. Anonymous The terrestrial biosphere and global change: implications for

natural and managed ecosystems. A synthesis of GTCE and related research. IGBP

Science No.1. Walker, B. and Steffen, W.Anonymous International Geosphere-

Biosphere Programme (IGBP):Stockholm, Sweden. :2-32, 1997.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : CLIMATE CHANGE; GLOBAL CHANGE; BIODIVERSITY

Notes : This executive summary presents the major findings of the synthesis of

the first six years of the Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems (GCTE) Core

Project of the IGBP. It begins by identifying the major components and drivers

of global change. It then outlines the important ecosystem interactions with

global change, focusing on the functioning of ecosystems and the structure and

composition of vegetation. The executive summary then discusses the

implications of these ecosystem interactions with global change in terms of

impacts in three key areas: managed production systems; biodiversity; and the

terrestrial carbon cycle. The full synthesis, results and conclusions, with a

complete reference list, are presented as a volume in the IGBP Book Series No.

4, published by Cambridge University Press (Walker et al.). Here key references

only are included.

Ref ID : 801

55. Anonymous Questionnaire on SWC approaches: a framework for the evaluation of

soil and water conservation, Bern, Switzerland:Centre for Development and

Environment, WOCAT, 1997.pp. i-Q55.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : SOIL CONSERVATION; SOIL EROSION; METHODOLOGIES; WATER CONSERVATION;

CONSERVATION; MAPS

Notes : Three questionnaires are used to analyse and evaluate soil and water

conservation (SWC): (i) technologies (consisting of agronomic, vegetative,

structural and management issues), (ii) soil and water approaches (defines the

enabling ecological and socio-economic environment, and the ways and means which

are used to realise a SWC technology on the ground. Elements include:

participants, inputs and means, know-how and levels of intervention), and (iii)

a soil and water map. The questionnaires are complementary.

Ref ID : 1541

56. Anonymous 1996 Audit of gender related data sources: a report. Development

Bank of Southern Africa. Halfway House:Development Bank of Southern Africa,

Development Information Business Unit, Publications Division. , 1997.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : SOUTHERN AFRICA; SOCIOECONOMIC ASPECTS; RURAL DEVELOPMENT;

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; ECONOMIC ASPECTS; GENDER ASPECTS

Notes : The overall aim of this audit is to contribute towards the aims of:

delivering services to meet basic needs; transform state and society; grow the

economy through the Growth and Development Strategy; and to develop our human

resources. A number of difficulties were encountered in attempting to complete

the audit, although the original intention of the Development Bank was to make a

commitment to maintaining and regularly updating the information. The relative

wealth of information generated by NGO sources was positive, but was hampered by

financial and resource constraints. Most disappointing was the lack of gender

information in government departments. The audit must be seen as a work in

progress.

Ref ID : 2004

57. Anonymous Vegetation of Southern Africa, Cambridge:Cambridge University

Press, 1997.

Reprint : Not in File,

Keywords : SOUTHERN AFRICA

Ref ID : 425

58. Anonymous White farms, black labour: the state and agrarian change in

southern Africa, 1910-1950, Heinemann and James Currey, 1997.-360.

Reprint : Not in File,

Keywords : POLITICAL ASPECTS; COMMUNAL AREA; SOCIOECONOMIC ASPECTS; POLICY;

ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY

Ref ID : 1210

59. Anonymous Geo-information for sustainable land management (SLM). Beek, K.J.,

de Bie, K.A.J.M., and Driessen, P.M.Anonymous Netherlands:International

Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences (ITC). 3/4:205-363, 1997.

Reprint : In File,

Keywords : REMOTE SENSING; SATELLITE IMAGERY; SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE;

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; LAND USE; MODELS; CARRYING CAPACITY; LEGISLATION

Notes : This is a special congress issue of the ITC Journal. Beek gives the

opening address and raises key questions for debate: how can the perceived needs

of land users be incorporated in the formulation of sustainability criteria?;

where do top-down and bottom-up land use planning processes meet?; how can the

physical and economic processes pertinent to sustainable land management, the

levels of spatial and temporal resolution, and the corresponding data to

characterize these processes be identified?; how can bridges be built between