Chapter I. Occasional words and their features

Contents
Introduction ……………………………………………………………1

CHAPTER I. OCCASIONAL WORDS AND THEIR FEATURES
1.1. The concept of occasional word………………….…………….…….6
1.2. Classification of occasionalisms. Degree of occasionality ………...15
1.3. Methods of formation of occasionalisms…………………………….18

CHAPTER II. WAYS OF FORMATION AND FUNCTIONS OF OCCASIONALISMS IN WORKS OF FICTION AND PUBLICISTIC LITERATURE
2.1. Features of the use of occasionalisms in the texts of fiction and newspaper and journalistic literature…………………………………………………………26
2.2. The basic models of the formation of occasionalisms…………...…35
conclusion…………...………..……………..………………………...42
References………….…………………………………………...………44
SOURCES OF ILLUSTRATIVE MATERIAL…………………… 48

Introduction

Language is a rather unique phenomenon, its study will never be complete. One of the main reasons for the development of the language is the constant replenishment of the vocabulary of the language with new lexical units. The cultural wealth of any nation and its unique traditions are reflected in the language. The more developed the various spheres of our life are, the more new words and expressions are born in the language.
Language is a tool of cognition and reflection of the world. To be able to reflect the reality in the most complete and correct way, the language must be in constant development. Language development occurs at several levels: phonetic, morphological, syntactic, semantic. All phenomena related to the dynamics of changes, language development, first of all, should be attributed to this area, as the vocabulary of the language is its most open and prone to changes subsystem. Each period of time brings to the language multiple tumors that must meet the trends and demands of society.
Moreover, a constant study of new vocabulary should be provided to help people make a successful process of communication.
During the year, about 800 new words are born in English, which is slightly more than in any other language in the world. This fact sets the task for linguists not so much to record the fact of the emergence of new words, as their analysis. In addition, it is important to note that there is a large number of English textbooks that include outdated lexical material, and therefore they tend not to keep up with the ever-changing active English at the modern level. In our daily life, we use words in speech, which denote objects and phenomena, the future of which no one could imagine before.
But not all new words in the language are considered as new lexical units. New words that have been invented and used by certain people, but are not common, or usual, are called occasionalisms. They are formed by models of word formation, which can be quite common in the language. The formation of such words occurs as a result of the use of productive models of word formation. For example, the expression "on-screen bonditry" is often used to refer to films featuring James Bond. In linguistics, the phenomenon of occasionality as a special aspect began to pay special attention relatively recently, perhaps due to the duality of this phenomenon, although different author's occasional words have always attracted the attention of scientists. Currently, a kind of personal author's word creation of people more and more attracts linguists.
Scientists drew attention to the problem of the emergence and use of new words at different times. Quite intensive enrichment of English vocabulary in the 60s of the XX century is the reason for increased interest in the problems of neology, to the study of tumors in different aspects.
The identification of the reasons of word creation allows you to define the value function of tumors as an important means of creation of author's style, characteristic of the writer. The most common material of the study is the language of poetry (O. Vinokur, M. A. Bakin, I. L. Loading, R. Yu.
Much less studied in this respect, the language of fiction (V. A. Gorelkin, N.. Kozhevnikova, L. A. Novikov, M. R. Naptsok, E. A. Zhigarev).