| F. Quotation marks (“”)
We put direct speech in quotation marks.
Laura said, 'You haven`t put those shelves up yet. ‘I haven’t had time,' replied Trevor.
We normally use a comma to separate the direct speech from the rest of the sentence.
The comma comes before the quotation mark. Quotation marks are also called 'quotes' or 'inverted commas'.
Double quotation marks are sometimes used.
Laura said, "You haven't put those shelves up yet."
We can put quotation marks around titles.
Do you watch that American comedy series called 'Roseanne'?
We often use quotation marks when we mention a word or phrase.
What does 'punctuation' mean? Rap music is also called 'hip hop'.
G. Hyphen (-)
We sometimes use hyphens in these structures.
Compound noun: eating ice-cream
Compound expression before a noun: an oven-ready meal
Noun formed from a phrasal verb: ready for take-off
Noun + ing-form: interested in rock-climbing
Before the last word of a compound number: a hundred and twenty-six people After some prefixes: anti-aircraft guns
Letter + noun: sending an e-mail
The rules about hyphens are not very exact. For example, you may see a compound noun written as phone-card, phone-card or phone card. Hyphens are not very frequent in British English, and they are used even less in American English. If you arc unsure, it is usually safer to write two separate words.
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