Instream Flow Council Instream flow and stream ecology literature May 26, 2014 hb

Nislow, K.H., F.J. Magilligan, C.L. Folt, and B.P. Kennedy. 2002. Within-basin variation in the short-term effects of a major flood on stream fishes and invertebrates. Journal of Freshwater Ecology 17: 305-318.
Nislow, K.H., A.J. Sepulveda, and L.C. Folt. 2004. Mechanistic linkage of hydrologic regime to summer growth of age-0 Atlantic salmon. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 133 (1): 79-88.
Nixon, S.W. 2003. Replacing the Nile: Are anthropogenic nutrients providing the fertility once brought to the Mediterranean by a great river? Ambio 32 (1): 30-39.
Noltie, D.B., and M.H.A. Keenleyside. 1986. Correlates of reproductive success in stream dwelling male rockbass, Ambloplites rupestris (Centrarchidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 17: 61-70.
Nordwall, F., I. Naslund, and E. Degerman. 2001. Intercohort competition effects on survival, movement, and growth of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in Swedish streams. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58 (11): 2298-2308. Doi:10.1139/cjfas-58-11-2298.
Norris, A.J., D.R. DeVries, and R.A. Wright. 2010. Coastal estuaries as habitat for a freshwater fish species: exploring population-level effects of salinity on largemouth bass. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 139 (2): 610-625. Doi: 10.1577/T09-135.1.
North, M.P., and J.H. Reynolds. 1996. Microhabitat analysis using radiotelemetry locations and polytomous logistic regression. Journal of Wildlife Management 60: 639-653.
Northcote, T.G. 1981. Juvenile current response, growth and maturity above and below waterfall stocks of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. Journal of Fish Biology 18: 741-751.
Northcote, T.G. 1984. Mechanisms of fish migration in rivers. Pp. 317-355 in: J.D. McCleave, G.P. Arnold, J.J. Dodson, and W.H. Neill, editors. Mechanisms of migration in fishes. Plenum Press, New York. 574 pp.
Northcote, T.G. 1992. Prediction and assessment of potential effects of global environmental change on freshwater fish habitat in British Columbia. GeoJournal 28: 38-49.
Northcote, T.G., and G.L. Ennis. 1994. Mountain whitefish biology and habitat use in relation to compensation and improvement possibilities. Reviews in Fisheries Science 2 (4): 347-371.
Novak, M.A., and R.G. White. 1990. Impact of fire and flood on the trout population of Beaver Creek, upper Missouri basin, Montana. Pp. 120-127 in: F. Richardson and R.H. Hamre (eds), Wild trout IV: proceedings of the symposium. Trout Unlimited, Arlington, Virginia.
Novitzki, R.P. 1973. Improvement of trout streams in Wisconsin by augmenting low flows with ground waters. U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper No. 2017. 52 pp.
Novitzki, R. 1978. Hydrologic characteristics of Wisconsin wetlands, and their influence on floods, stream flow and sediment. Pages 377-388 in: Wetland functions and values: the state of our understanding. American Water Resources Association.
Novotny, E.V., and H.G. Stefan. 2007. Stream flow in Minnesota: indicator of climate change. Journal of Hydrology 334: 319-333.
Nowel, A.R.M., and P.A. Jumars. 1984. Flow environments of aquatic benthos. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 15: 303-328.
Nuhfer, A.J., and E.A. Baker. 2004. A long-term field test of habitat change predicted by PHABSIM in relation to brook trout population dynamics during controlled flow reduction experiments. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Research Report 2068, Ann Arbor.
Nuhfer, A.J., R.D. Clark, Jr., and G.R. Alexander. 1994. Recruitment of brown trout in the South Branch of the Au Sable River, Michigan in relation to streamflow and winter severity. Michigan Department of Natural Resources Fisheries Division (Fisheries Research Report 2006), Lansing.
Null, S.E., M.L. Deas, and J.R. Lund. 2010. Flow and water temperature simulation for habitat restoration in the Shasta River, California. River Research and Application 26: 663-681.
Nunn, A.D., J.P. Harvey, J.R. Britton, P.A. Frear, and I.G. Cowx. 2007. Fish, climate and the Gulf Stream: the influence of abiotic factors on the recruitment success of cyprinid fishes in lowland rivers. Freshw. Biol. 52 (8): 1576-1586. Doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01789.x.
Nykanen, M., and A. Huusko. 2003. Size-related changes in habitat selection by larval grayling (Thymallus thymallus). Ecol. Freshwater Fish. 12: 127-181.
Nykanen, M., and A. Huusko. 2004. Transferability of habitat preference criteria for larval European grayling (Thymallus thymallus). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61 (2): 185-192.
Nykanen, M., A. Huusko, and M. Lahti. 2004. Changes in movement, range and habitat preferences of adult grayling from late summer to early winter. J. Fish Biol. 64: 1386-1398. Doi: 10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00403.x
O’Brien, J.S. 1987. A case study of minimum streamflow for fishery habitat in the Yampa River. Pp. 921-946 in: C.R. Thorne, J.C. Bathurst, and R.D. Hey (eds.), Sediment Transport in Gravel-bed Rivers. John Wiley and Sons, New York [1992-Chichester].
O’Brien, W.J., M. Barfield, and K. Sigler. 2001. The functional response of drift-feeding Arctic grayling: the effects of prey density, water velocity, and location efficiency. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58 (10): 1957-1963.
O’Brien, W.J., and J.J. Showalter. 1993. Effects of current velocity and suspended debris on the drift feeding of Arctic grayling. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 122 (4): 609-615.
O’Connor, P., K. Ward, and A.J. King. 2007. Implementation of the Barmah-Millewa Forest Environmental Water Allocation 2005-2006 A case study of the successful delivery of the largest environmental water allocation in Australia and possibly the world. 10^th International River Symposium and Environmental Flows Conference, Brisbane, 3-6 September 2007. http://www.riversymposiium.com/index.php?page=Papers.
O’Hare, J.M., M.T. O’Hare, A.M. Gurnell, M.J. Dunbar, P.M. Scarlett, and C. Laize. 2011. Physical constraints on the distribution of macrophytes linked with flow and sediment dynamics in British rivers. River Research and Applications 27 (6): 671-683. Doi: 10.1002/rra.1379
O’Hop, J., and J.B. Wallace. 1983. Invertebrate drift, discharge, and sediment relations in a southern Appalachian headwater stream. Hydrobiologia 98: 71-98. Doi:10.1007/BF00019252.
O’Keeffe, J.H. 2000. Environmental flow assessments within the South African integrated planning process for water resources. Pp. 41-64 in: King, J.M., R.E. Tharme, and M.S. DeVilliers, eds. Environmental flow assessments for rivers: Manual for the Building Block Methodology. Water Research Commission, Pretoria, South Africa.
O’Shea, D.T. 1995. Estimating minimum instream flow requirements for Minnesota streams from hydrologic data and watershed characteristics. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 15: 569578.
Oberdorff, T., J.-F. Guegan, and B. Hugueny. 1995. Global scale patterns of fish species richness in rivers. Ecography 18: 345-352.
Oberdorff, T., P.A. Tedesco, B. Hugueny, F. Leprieur, O. Beauchard, S. Brosse, and H.H. Durr. 2011. Global and regional patterns in riverine fish species richness: a review. International Journal of Ecolology 2011. Doi: 10.1155/2011/967631.
Odum, W.E., E.P. Odum, and H.T. Odum. 1995. Nature’s pulsing paradigm. Estuaries 18: 547-555.
Ojanguren, A.F., and F. Brana. 2003. Effects of size and morphology on swimming performance in juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta L.). Ecology of Freshwater Fish 12: 241-246.
Okland, F., J. Erkinaro, K. Moen, E. Niemela, P. Friske, R.S. McKinley, and E.B. Thorstad. 2001. Return migration of Atlantic salmon in the River Tana: phases of migratory behavior. J. Fish Biol. 59: 862-874.
Okland, F., E.B. Thorstad, and T.F. Naesje. 2004. Is Atlantic salmon production limited by number of territories? Journal of Fish Biology 65: 1047-1055. Doi: 10.1111/j.0023-1112.2004.00513.x.
Olden, J.D., and M.J. Kennard. 2010. Intercontinental comparison of fish life history strategies along a gradient of hydrologic variability. Pages 83-107 in: K.B. Gido and D.A. Jackson, editors. Community ecology of stream fishes: concepts, approaches, and techniques. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland.
Olden, J.D., C.P. Konrad, T.S. Melis, M.J. Kennard, M.C. Freeman, M.C.Mims, E.N. Bray, K.B. Gido, N.P. Hemphill, D.A. Lytle, L.E. McMullen, M. Pyron, C.T. Robinson, J.C. Schmidt, and J.G. Williams. 2014. Are large-scale flow experiments informing the science and management of freshwater ecosystems? Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 12 (3): 176-185. Doi: 10.1890/130076.
Olden, J.D., and R.J. Naiman. 2009. Incorporating thermal regimes into environmental flows assessments: modifying dam operations to restore freshwater ecosystem integrity. Freshwater Biology 55: 86-107. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02179.x.
Olden, J.D., and N.L. Poff. 2003. Redundancy and the choice of hydrologic indices for characterizing streamflow regimes. River Research and Applications 19: 101-121.
Olsen, D.A., and C.R. Townsend. 2005. Flood effects on invertebrates, sediments and particulate organic matter in the hyporheic zone of a gravel-bed stream. Freshw. Biol. 50: 839-853.
Olsen, N.R.B., and S. Stokseth, 1995. Three-dimensional modeling of water flow in a river with large bed roughness. IAHR Journal of Hydraulic Research 33 (4): 571-581.
Olson, F.W., and R.G. Metzgar. 1988. Downramping to minimize stranding of salmonid fry. Pages 691-701 in: B.W. Clowes, editor. Water Power ,87: Proceedings of the International Conference on Hydropower. American Society of Civil Engineers, Portland, Oregon.
Olson, S.B., T.V. Padma, and B.D. Richter. 2006. Managing freshwater inflows to estuaries: the methods guide. U.S. Agency for International Development, The Nature Conservancy, and University of Rhode Island Coastal Resources Center. Washington, D.C. 44 pp. (http://www.nature.org/initiatives/freshwater/conservationtools/methods.html)
Olsson, T.I., and B.-G. Persson. 1986. Effects of gravel size and peat material concentrations on embryo survival and alevin emergence of brown trout Salmo trutta L. Hydrobiologia 135 (1-2): 9-14. Doi:10.1007/BF00006453.
Omernik, J.M., and G.E. Bailey. 1997. Distinguishing between watersheds and ecoregions. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 33 (5): 935-949.
Onodera, K., and T. Ueno. 1961. On the survival of trout fingerlings stocked in a mountain brook. II. Survival rate measured and scouring effect of flood as a cause of mortality. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 27: 530-557.
Opperman, J.J. 2002. Anadromous fish habitat in California’s Mediterranean-climate watersheds: influences of riparian vegetation, instream large woody debris, and watershed-scale land use. Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.
Opperman, J.J. 2008. Ecologically functional floodplains: connectivity, flow regime and scale. AWRA 2008 Summer Specialty Conference –Riparian Buffers and Ecosystems. American Water Resources Association, Virginia Beach, VA.
Opperman, J.J., G.F. Galloway, J. Fargione, J.F. Mount, B.D. Richter, and S. Secchi. 2009. Sustainable floodplains through large-scale reconnections to rivers. Science 326: 1487-1488. Doi: 10.1126/science.1178256.
Opperman, J.J., R. Luster, B.A. McKenney, M. Roberts, and A.W. Meadows. 2010. Ecologically functional floodplains: connectivity, flow regime, and scale. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 46: 211-226. Doi: 10.1111j.1752-1688.2010.0426.x.
Opperman, J.J., and A.M. Merenlender. 2003. Passive restoration of degraded riparian corridors in the Russian River basin: consideration of hydrology, livestock, and deer herbivory. Pages 360-366 in: P.M. Faber, editor. California riparian systems: processes and floodplain management, ecology, and restoration. 2001 Riparian Habitat and Floodplains Conference Proceedings. Riparian Habitat Joint Venture, Sacramento, California.
Opperman, J.J., and A.M. Merenlender. 2004. The effectiveness of riparian restoration for improving instream fish habitat in four hardwood-dominated California streams. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 24 (3): 822-834.
Opsahl, R.W., T. Wellnitz, and N.L. Poff. 2003. Current velocity and invertebrate grazing regulate stream algae: results of an in situ electrical exclusion. Hydrobiologia 499: 135-145.
Opsahl, S., S.E. Chapal, D.W. Hicks, and C.K. Wheeler. 2007. Evaluation of ground-water and surface-water exchanges using streamflow difference analyses. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 43: 1132-1141.
Orcutt, D.R., B.R. Pulliam, and A. Arp. 1968. Characteristics of steelhead trut redds in Idaho streams. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 97: 42-45.
Orr, H.G., A.R.G. Large, M.D. Newson, and C.L. Walsh. 2008. A predictive typology for characterizing hydromorphology. Geomorphology 100: 32-40.
Orsborn, J.F. 1974. Determining stream flows from geomorphic parameters. Journal Irrigation and Drainage Division, American Society of Civil Engineers 100 (IR4): 455-475.
Orsborn, J.F. 1975. Predicting ungaged low flows in diverse hydrologic provinces using river basin geomorphic characteristics. Proceedings, International Symposium, International Association of Hydrol. Sciences, Tokyo, Japan, December 1-8.
Orsborn, J.F. 1982. Estimating spawning habitat using watershed and channel characteristics. Proceedings, AFS Western Division Symposium on Habitat Inventory, October 28-30, 1981.
Orsborn, J.F., and C.H. Allman (eds.). 1976. Instream flow needs. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland.
Orsborn, J.F. 1982. Estimating spawning habitat using watershed and channel characteristics. Pages 154-161 in: N.B. Armantrout (editor). Acquisition and utilization of Aquatic Habitat Inventory Information. Western Division, American Fisheries Society.
Orsborne, L.L., M.J. Wiley, and R.W. Larimore. 1988. Assessment of the water surface profile model: accuracy of predicted instream habitat conditions in low-gradient, warmwater streams. Regulated Rivers: Research and Management 1: 171-181. Doi: 10.1002/rrr.3450020506  
Orth, D.J. 1983. Aquatic habitat measurements. Pp. 61-84 in: L.A. Nielsen and D.A. Johnson, editors. Fisheries Techniques. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda.

Orth, D.J. 1987. Ecological considerations in the development and application of instream flow habitat models. Regulated Rivers: Research and Management 1: 171-181. Doi: 10.1002/rr.3450010207.

Orth, D.J. 1995. Food web influences on fish population responses to instream flow. Bulletin Francais de la Peche et de la Pisciculture 337/338/339: 317-328.
Orth, D.J., R.N. Jones, and O.E. Maughan. 1981. Considerations in the development of curves for habitat suitability criteria. Pages 124133 in N.B. Armantrout, editor. Acquisition and utilization of aquatic habitat inventory information. Proceedings of a symposium, Portland, Oregon. American Fisheries Society, Western Division, Bethesda.
Orth, D.J., and P.M. Leonard. 1990. Comparison of discharge methods and habitat optimization for recommending instream flows to protect fish habitat. Regulated Rivers: Research and Management 5(2): 129-138.

Orth, D.J., and O.E. Maughan. 1982. Evaluation of the Incremental Methodology for recommending instream flows for fish. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 111 (4): 413-445. Doi: 10.1577/1548-8659(1982)111<413:EOTIMF>2.0.CO;2.

Orth, D.J., and O.E. Maughan. 1983. Microhabitat preferences of benthic fauna in a woodland stream. Hydrobiologia 106: 157-168.
Orth, D.J., and T.J. Newcomb. 2002. Certainties and uncertainties in defining essential habitats for riverine smallmouth bass. Pages 251-264 in: D.P. Philip and M.S. Ridgway, editors. Black bass: ecology, conservation, and management. American Fisheries Society, Symposium 31, Bethesda, Maryland.
Orth, D.J., and R.J. White. 1993. Stream habitat management. Pages 205-230 in: Inland Fisheries Management in North America. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland.
Ortlepp, J., and U. Murle. 2003. Effects of experimental flooding on brown trout (Salmo trutta fario L.): the River Spol, Swiss National Park. Aquatic Sciences 65: 232-238.
Osborne, L.L., M.J. Wiley, and R.W. Larimore. 1988. Assessment of the water surface profile: accuracy of predicted instream fish habitat conditions in low-gradient, warmwater streams. Regulated Rivers 2: 269-631.
Osmundson, D.B., R.J. Ryel, V.L. Lamarra, and J. Pitlick. 2002. Flow-sediment-biota relations: implications for river regulation effects on native fish abundance. Ecological Applications 12: 1719-1739.
Osterkamp, W.R. 1978. Gradient, discharge, and particle-size relations of alluvial channels in Kansas, with observations on braiding. American Journal of Science 278: 1253-1268.
Osterkamp, W.R., and C.R. Hupp. 2010. Fluvial processes and vegetation – glimpses of the past, the present, and perhaps the future. Geomorphology 116: 274-285.

Ostrand, K.G., and G.R. Wilde. 2002. Seasonal and spatial variation in prairie stream-fish assemblages. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 11: 137-149.

Ostrand, K.G., and G.R. Wilde. 2004. Changes in prairie stream fish assemblages restricted to isolated streambed pools. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 133 (6): 1329-1338.
Ottaway, E.M., P.A. Carling, A. Clark, and N.A. Reader. 1981. Observations on the structure of brown trout, Salmo trutta Linnaeus redds. Journal of Fish Biology 19: 593-607.
Ottaway, E.M., and A. Clarke. 1981. A preliminary investigation into the vulnerability of young trout (Salmo trutta L.) and Atlantic salmon (S. salar L.) to downstream displacement by high water velocities. Journal of Fish Biology 19: 135-145.
Ottaway, E.M., and D.R. Forrest. 1983. The influence of water velocity on downstream movement of alevins and fry of brown trout, Salmo trutta L. Journal of Fish Biology 23: 221-227.
Ourrick, C.A., and J.J. Cech. 2000. Swimming performances of four California stream fishes: temperature effects. Environmental Biology of Fishes 58: 289-295.
Overton, I.C., I.D. Jolly, P.G. Slavich, M.M. Lewis, and G.R. Walker. 2006. Modeling vegetation health from the interaction of saline groundwater and flooding on the Chowilla floodplain, South Carolina. Ecological Modelling 29: 283-302.
Ovidio, M., H. Capra, and J.C. Philippart. 2008. Regulated discharge produces substantial demographic changes on four typical fish species of a small salmonid stream. Hydrobiologia 609: 59-70.
Owen, M. 1991. Groundwater abstraction and river flows. J. Inst. Wat. Environ. Management 5: 697-702.
Ozen, O. and R.L. Noble. 2002. Relationship between water level fluctuations and largemouth bass spawning in a Puerto Rico reservoir. Pages 213-220 in: D.P. Philipp and M.S. Ridgway, editors. Black bass: ecology, conservation, and management. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD.
Packman, A.I., and M. Salehin. 2003. Relative roles of stream flow and sedimentary conditions in controlling hyporheic exchange. Hydrobiologia 494: 291-297.
Packman, A.I., M. Salehin, and M. Zaramella. 2004. Hyporheic exchange with gravel beds: basic hydrodynamic interactions and bedform- induced advective flows. J. Hydraul. Eng. 130 (7): 647-656. Doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2004)130:7(647).
Padmore, C.L. 1998. The role of physical biotopes in determining the conservation status and flow requirements of British rivers. Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management 1: 25-35. Doi: 10.1080/1463989808657003
Padmore, C.L., M.D. Newson, and M/E. Charlton. 1998. Instream habitat in gravel bed rivers: identification and characterisation of biotopes. Pages 345-364 in: P.C. Klingeman, R.L. Beschta, P.D. Komar, and J.B. Bradley (editors), Gravel bed rivers in the Environment. Water Resources Publications, Highlands Ranch, CO.
Paerl, A.J., J.D. Bales, L.W. Ausley, C.P. Buzzell, L.B. Crowder, L.A. Eby, J.M. Fear, M. Go, B.L. Peierls, T.L. Richardson, and J.S. Ramus. 2001. Ecosystem impacts of three sequential hurricanes (Dennis, Floyd, and Irene) on the United States’ largest lagoonal estuary, Pamlico Sound, NC. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 98:5655-5660.
Paez, D.J., R. Hedger, L. Bernatchez, and J.J. Dodson. 2008. The morphological plastic response to water current velocity varies with age and sexual state in juvenile Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Freshwater Biology 53: 1544-1554.
Paine, M.D., J.J. Dodson, and G. Power. 1982. Habitat and food resource partitioning among four species of darters (Percidae: Etheostoma) in a southern Ontario stream. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60: 1635-1641.
Pajak, P., and R.J. Neves. 1987. Habitat suitability and fish production: A model evaluation for rock bass in two Virginia streams. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 116 (6): 839-850.
Pakkasmaa, S., and J. Piironen. 2001. Water velocity shapes juvenile salmonids. Evolutionary Ecology 14: 721-730.
Palik, B., S.W. Golladay, P.C. Goebel, and B.W. Taylor. 1998. Geomorphic variation in riparian tree mortality and stream coarse woody debris recruitment from record flooding in a coastal plain stream. Ecoscience 5: 551-560.
Paller, M.H. 1994. Relationships between fish assemblage structure and stream order in South Carolina coastal plains treams. Transactions of the Amercan Fisheries Society 123: 150-161.
Paller, M.H., S.F. Modica, and E.G. Hofstetter. 1992. Short-term changes in a southeastern coastal plain fish assemblage following artificial increases in streamflow. Rivers 3: 243-259.
Paller, M.H., and B.M. Saul. 1996. Effects of temperature gradients resulting from reservoir discharge on Dorosoma cepedianum spawning in the Savannah River. Environmental Biology of Fishes 45: 151-160.
Palm, D., E. Brannas, F. Lepori, K. Nilsson, and S. Stridsman. 2007. The influence of spawning habitat restoration on juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta) density. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64 (3): 509-515. Doi:10.1139/F07-027.
Palm, D., E. Brannas, and K. Nilsson. 2009. Predicting site-specific overwintering of juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta) using a habitat suitability index. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 66 (4): 540-546. Doi:10.1139/F09-016.
Palmer, M.A., E.S. Bernhardt, J.D. Allan, P.S. Lake, G. Alexander, S. Brooks, J. Carr, S. Clayton, C.N. Dahm, J. Follstad Shah, D.L. Galat, S.G. Loss, P. Goodwin, D.D. Hart, B. Hassett, R. Jenkinson, G.M. Kondolf, R. Lave, J.L. Meyer, T.K. O’Donnell, L Pagano, and E. Sudduth. 2005. Standards for ecologically successful river restoration. Journal of Applied Ecology 42 (2): 208-217. Doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.01004.x.
Palmer, M.A., D.P. Lettenmaier, N.L. Poff, S.L. Postel, B. Richter, and R. Warner. 2009. Climate change and river ecosystems: protection and adaptation options. Environmental Management 44: 1053-1068. Doi: 10.1007/s00267-009-9329-1.
Palmer, M.A., C.A. Reidy Liermann, C. Nilsson, M. Florke, J. Alcamo, P.S. Lake, and N. Bond. 2008. Climate change and the world’s river basins: anticipating management options. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 6 (2): 81-89.
Palmer, M.A., C.M. Swan, K. Nelson, et al. 2000. Streambed landscapes: evidence that stream invertebrates respond to the type and spatial arrangement of patches. Landscape Ecology 19: 99-111.
Palmer, T., P. Montagna, and R. Kalke. 2002. Downstream effects of restored freshwater inflow to Rincon Bayou, Nueces Delta, Texas, USA. Estuaries 25 (6B): 1448-1456.
Palmer, W.C. 1965. Meteorological drought. U.S. Government Printing Office, U.S. Weather Bureau, Research Report 45, Washington, D.C.
Paloumpis, A.A. 1958. Responses of some minnows to flood and drought conditions in an intermittent stream. Iowa State College Journal of Science 32 (4): 547-561.
Panja, K., T.B. Hardy, and C.M.U. Neale. 1993. Comparison of meso-scale hydraulic features at different discharges in a turbid river system using multispectral videography. In: Proceedings of the 14^th Workshop on Color Photography and Videography for Resource Monitoring. Utah State University, Logan, Utah, May 25-29.