Maxsus ta’lim vazirligi nizomiy nomidagi Toshkent davlat pedagogika universiteti qoshidagi akademik litsey Nurmatov J. N, Kudratov K. X

On my own / by myself

On my own and by myself both mean ‘alone’. We say:

on

my/your his/her/its our/their

own

=

by

myself/yourself (singular) himself/herself/itself ourselves/yourselves(plural)/themselves

• 
  I like living on my own/by myself.
  
• 
  Did you go on holiday on your own/by yourself?
  
• 
  Jack was sitting on his own/by himself in a corner of the cafe.
  
• 
  Learner drivers are not allowed to drive on their own/by themselves.
  

Myself / yourself / themselves etc.
Study this example:

George cut himself when he was shaving this morning.

We use myself / yourself / himself etc. (reflexive pronouns) when the subject and object are the same:

subject George cut himself . object

The reflexive pronouns are:

singular:	myself	yourself (one person)	himself/herself/itself
plural:	ourselves	yourselves (more than one person)	themselves

• 
  I don’t want you to pay for me. I’ll pay for myself. (not ‘I’ll pay for me’)
  
• 
  Julia had a great holiday. She enjoyed herself very much.
  
• 
  Do you sometimes talk to yourself? (said to one person)
  
• 
  If you want more to eat, help yourselves. (said to more than one person)
  

Compare:

• 
  It’s not our fault. You can’t blame us.
  
• 
  It’s our own fault. We blame ourselves.
  

Note that we do not use myself/yourself etc. after ‘bring/take something with ...’:

• 
  It might rain. I’ll take an umbrella with me. (not ‘with myself’)
  

We do not use myself etc. after concentrate/feel/relax/meet:

• 
  You must try and concentrate. (not ‘concentrate yourself’)
  
• 
  ‘Do you feel nervous?’ ‘Yes, I can’t relax.’
  
• 
  What time shall we meet? (not ‘meet ourselves’, not ‘meet us’)
  

We normally use wash/shave/dress without myself etc.:

• 
  He got up, washed, shaved and dressed. (not ‘washed himself’ etc.)
  

But we say ‘I dried myself’.

Study the difference between -selves and each other:

• 
  Tom and Ann stood in front of the mirror and looked at themselves. (=Tom and Ann looked at Tom and Ann)
  

but

• 
  Tom looked at Ann; Ann looked at Tom. They looked at each other.
  

You can use one another instead of each other:

• 
  How long have you and Bill known one another? (or ... known each other)
  
• 
  Sue and Ann don’t like each other. (or ... don’t like one another)
  

We also use myself/yourself etc. in another way. For example:

• 
  ‘Who repaired your bicycle for you?’ ‘Nobody. I repaired it myself.’
  

‘I repaired it myself’ = I repaired it, not anybody else. Here, myself is used to emphasise I (=it makes it stronger). Some more examples:

• 
  I’m not going to do it for you. You can do it yourself. (=you, not me)
  
• 
  Let’s paint the house ourselves. It will be much cheaper.
  
• 
  The film itself wasn’t very good but I liked the music.
  
• 
  I don’t think Sue will get the job. Sue herself doesn’t think she’ll get it. (or Sue doesn’t think she’ll get it herself.)
  

EX 335 Write new sentences using the structure a friend of mine etc.

1. 
   I am writing to one of my friends. I’m writing to a friend of mine.
   
2. 
   We met one of your relations. We met a ... .
   
3. 
   Henry borrowed one of my books. Henry ... .
   
4. 
   Ann invited some of her friends to her flat. Ann ...
   
5. 
   We had dinner with one of our neighbours. ... .
   
6. 
   I went on holiday with two of my friends. ... .
   
7. 
   Is that man one of your friends ... .
   
8. 
   I met one of Jane’s friends at the party. ... .
   

EX 336 Complete the sentences using my own / your own etc. + one of the following:

business	ideas	money	Room
private jet	parliament	television

1. 
   I don’t want to share a room. I want my own room.
   
2. 
   I don’t watch television with the rest of the family. I’ve got ... in my room.
   
3. 
   Sue doesn’t need to borrow from me. She’s got ... .
   
4. 
   Julia is fed up with working for other people. She wants to start ... .
   
5. 
   Henry is extremely rich. He’s got ... .
   
6. 
   You can give him advice but he won’t listen. He’s got ... .
   
7. 
   The Isle of Man is an island off the coast of Britain. It is not completely independent but it has ... .
   

EX 337 Complete the sentences using my own / your own etc.

1. 
   Why do you want to borrow my car Why can’t you use your own car
   
2. 
   How can you blame me It’s not my fault. It’s ... .
   
3. 
   He’s always using my ideas. Why can’t he use ... .
   
4. 
   Please don’t worry about my problems. You’ve got ... .
   
5. 
   I can’t make her decisions for her. She must make ... .
   

EX 338 Complete the sentences using my own / your own etc. Choose one of these verbs.

bake

cut

make

write

1. 
   Brain never goes to the hairdresser. He usually cuts his own hair.
   
2. 
   Mary doesn’t buy clothes. She usually ... .
   
3. 
   Paul is a singer. He sings songs written by other people but he also ... .
   
4. 
   We don’t often buy bread from bakery. We ... .
   

EX 339 Complete these sentences. Use myself / yourself etc. only where necessary. Use one of these verbs. (in the correct form):

concentrate	defend	dry	feel
meet	relax	shave	wash

1. 
   Martin decided to grow a beard because he was fed up with shaving.
   
2. 
   I wasn’t very well yesterday but I ... much better today.
   
3. 
   She climbed out of the swimming pool and ... with a towel.
   
4. 
   I tried to study but I just couldn’t ... .
   
5. 
   If somebody attacks you, you need to be able to ...
   
6. 
   I’m going out with Chris this evening. We are ... at the station at 7.30.
   
7. 
   You are always rushing around. Why don’t you sit down and ... ?
   
8. 
   There was no water, so we couldn’t ... .
   

EX 340 Complete the sentences with -selves or each other.

1. 
   How long have you and Bill known each other
   
2. 
   If people work too hard, they can make ... ill.
   
3. 
   I need you and you need me. We need ... .
   
4. 
   In Britain friends often give ... presents at Christmas.
   
5. 
   Some people are very selfish. They only think of ...
   
6. 
   Nora and I don’t see ... very often these days.
   
7. 
   We couldn’t get back into the house. We had locked ... out.
   
8. 
   They’ve had an argument. They’re not speaking to ... at the moment.
   
9. 
   We’d never met before, so we introduced ... to ... .
   

EX 341 Complete the answers to the questions using myself / yourself / itself etc.

1. 
   - Who repaired the bicycle for you
   

• 
  Nobody. I repaired it myself.
  

2. 
   - Did Brain have his hair cut by a hairdresser?
   

• 
  No, he cut ... .
  

3. 
   - Do you want me to post that letter for you
   

- No, I’ll ... .

4. 
   - Who told you that Linda was getting married
   

- Linda ... .

5. 
   - Can you phone John for me
   

• 
  Why can’t you ... 
  

EX 342 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

1. 
   Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
   

Fred and Kate stood in front of the mirror and looked at ... .

A) theirselves		C) themselves
B) another one		D) each other
	E) on their own

2. 
   Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
   

He doesn’t want me to pay for him. He’ll pay for ... .

A) him		C) myself
B) himself		D) on his own
	E) by himself

3. 
   Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
   

Fred looked at Kate; Kate looked at Fred. They looked at ... .

A) each other		C) themselves
B) theirselves		D) on their own
	E) another one

4. 
   Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
   

It’s their own fault. They blame ... .

A) their		C) theirselves
B) by themselves		D) themself
	E) themselves

5. 
   Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
   

Who washed your car for you? Nobody. I washed it ...

A) on myself		C) myself
B) me		D) by my own
	E) itself

6. 
   Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
   

It might rain. We’ll take an umbrella with ... .

A) us		C) by ourselves
B) on our own		D) ours
	E) ourselves

7. 
   Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
   

I’m not going to wash your clothes for you. You can do it ... (=you, not me).

A) on yourself		C) on you own
B) your		D) yourself
	E) yours

8. 
   Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
   

Let’s repair the office ... . It will be much cheaper.

A) on ourselves		C) ours
B) ourselves		D) by our own
	E) ourself

9. 
   Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
   

The plot of the play ... wasn’t very good but I liked the cast.

A) its		C) myself
B) on its own		D) by itself
	E) itself

10. 
    Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
    

Britney had an excellent rest. She enjoyed ... very much.

A) by her own		C) herself
B) her		D) hers
	E) on herself

11. 
    Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
    

I managed to repair the car (all) ... .

A) by me		C) on my own
B) by myself own		D) on myself
	E) by my own

11. 
    Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
    

The children are old enough to make ... .

A) on themselves breakfast		C) own their breakfast
B) by their own breakfast		D) breakfast own their
	E) their own breakfast

11. 
    Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
    

People often ... when they are worried.

A) talk by their own		C) talk to theirselves
B) talk on themselves		D) talk to themselves
	E) talk to another one

11. 
    Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
    

Now that we are ... could I ask you a person question?

A) by ourselves		C) on ourselves
B) by our own		D) by own ourselves
	E) by us

11. 
    Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
    

They managed to move all their furniture into the new flat ... .

A) by theirselves		C) by themselves
B) by them		D) on themselves
	E) by their own

11. 
    Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
    

He walked straight ... without speaking.

A) by myself		C) by mine
B) on mine		D) by his
	E) by me

11. 
    Find a pair of right answers.
    

1. 
   I would like an own car. or I would like my own car.
   
2. 
   I would like my own car. or I would like a car of my own.
   
3. 
   I would like a car of my own. or I would like myself own car.
   
4. 
   I would like own my car. or I would like an own my car.
   
5. 
   I would like own car by me. or I would like my own car by myself.
   

11. 
    Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
    

Mary looked at ... in the mirror.

A) on her own		C) herself
B) hers		D) by herself
	E) himself

11. 
    Choose the appropriate form of pronoun.
    

You can’t cook dinner for ten people ... .

Let me help you

A) by yourself		C) on yourself
B) by your own		D) by you
	E) by yours

11. 
    Find a pair of right answers.
    

• 
  How long have you and Ted known ... ?
  
• 
  For ten years.
  

A) another one or other each		C) on your own or each one
B) each another or one other		D) each other or one another
	E) by yourselves or on your own

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

She shut the door behind  .

A) hers		C) herself
B) her own		D) by herself
	E) her

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

It’s  if you have spent all your money.

A) on your own fault		C) by yourself fault
B) your own fault		D) own your fault
	E) own fault yours

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

You will hurt  if you play with the scissors.

A) you		C) yourself
B) your		D) your’s
	E) yours

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

I was talking to  the other day.

A) a friend of yours		C) a friend of you
B) yours friend		D) a friend of yourself
	E) by yourself

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

They soon came to  . (=regained consciousness)

A) theirselves		C) them
B) their		D) themselves
	E) theirs

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

I was given this book by the author  . (by her personally)

A) by her own		C) hers
B) herself		D) by herself
	E) on her own

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

I hope you like the ice-cream – I made it  . (=nobody helped me)

A) me		C) myself
B) on myself		D) mine
	E) by my own

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

We phoned the plumber and he came  . (=he didn’t send his employees)

A) himself		C) his
B) on himself		D) by his own
	E) him

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

Jim had the money with  .

A) his		C) himself
B) by himself		D) on his own
	E) him

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

She put her bag next to  .

A) herself		C) on her own
B) by herself		D) her
	E) hers

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

He came out of the interview looking pleased with  .

A) himself		C) his
B) him		D) by himself
	E) on his own

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

She concentrated  hard on getting the job finished.

A) herself		C) hers
B) -		D) her
	E) on herself

11. 
    Find a pair of synonyms.
    

We looked at  and started to laugh.

1. 
   each other or one other
   
2. 
   every other or one another
   
3. 
   each other or each another
   
4. 
   ourselves or each other
   
5. 
   each other or one another
   

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

She forced  to eat it. (=refer to different person)

A) by her own		C) her
B) on herself		D) herself
	E) hers

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

She forced  to eat it. (=refer to the same person)

A) by her own		C) hers
B) on herself		D) her
	E) herself

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

She quickly dressed  and went down for breakfast.

A) -		C) her
B) her’s		D) herself
	E) hers

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

He is recovering well from the accident and he is now able to dress  .

A) his		C) him
B) on himself		D) himself
	E) -

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

Now that he was famous, he heard a lot about  on TV and radio.

A) on his own		C) him
B) himself		D) by himself
	E) his

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

She put out her hand and introduced  as Antonia Darwin.

A) her		C) by herself
B) hers		D) on her own
	E) herself

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

Why didn’t you bring the children with  ?

A) yourselves		C) your
B) you		D) yourself
	E) yours

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

They made  a fortune selling sports clothes. or They made a fortune for  selling sports clothes.

1. 
   by their own / on themselves
   
2. 
   themselves / on themselves
   
3. 
   themselves / themselves
   
4. 
   on their own / on theirselves
   
5. 
   on their own / by theirselves
   

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

They are always wearing  clothes.

A) another one’s		C) themselves
B) each other’s		D) by their own
	E) on themselves

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

Come on, why aren’t you all dancing? Enjoy  .

A) your		C) yours
B) you		D) yourself
	E) yourselves

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

I am looking for Sylvia’s bag. It that black one  ?

A) her		C) herselves
B) herself		D) hers
	E) on hers own

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

Holly’s only three but she wrote her name (all)  .

A) by herself		C) by her own
B) on herself		D) on hers own
	E) on herselves

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

 can do that  -  don’t need  to help  .

1. 
   You  yourself  your  me  you.
   
2. 
   You  yourself  you  me  your.
   
3. 
   Your  yourselves  you  me  you.
   
4. 
   You  yourself  you  me  yours.
   
5. 
   You  yourself  you  me  you.
   

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

Go to the end of this street and you will see the shop on  right.

A) yours		C) yourselves
B) yourself		D) you
	E) your

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

We think we will have to go by  as everyone else is busy.

A) us		C) ourselves
B) ours		D) our
	E) ourself

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

I did my buttons up (all)  (=without help from anyone else), Mummy.

A) on my own		C) on myself
B) by my own		D) by own myself
	E) on own myself

11. 
    Choose the appropriate answer.
    

It’s  . They have arrived early.

A) their		C) theirselves
B) they		D) them
	E) themselves