Child Abuse and Neglect: a socio-legal Study of Mandatory Reporting in Australia

School personnel	451	370	346	266	430	393	171
165
Child care workers	18	18	11	11	24	24	25	20
Social workers	24	24	14	14	6	6	5	5
Combined major mandated reporter groups	1,642	1,313	920	673	654	580	404	342
Other reporter groups combined	2,124	1,528	1,199	873	423	345	345	290
Totals:	3,766	2,326	2,119	1,345	1,077	870	749	571

3.20 Number of reports for 2006, by outcome of report, by number of distinct children

	Not investigated		Investigated		Substantiated		Not substantiated		Totals
	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children
Doctors	55	51	30	30	12	12	18	18	85	80
Nurses	398	353	285	258	124	119	161	149	683	558
Police	769	716	558	464	251	218	307	267	1,327	1,098
School personnel	909	771	489	390	167	165	322	269	1,398	1,065
Child care workers	46	41	32	32	11	11	21	21	78	71
Social workers	36	36	13	13	2	2	11	11	49	49
Combined major mandated reporter groups	2,213	1,774	1,407	1,048	567	454	840	679	3,620	2,480
Other reporter groups combined	2,429	1,834	1,662	1,108	635	488	1,027	756	4,091	2,487
Totals:	4,642	1,526	3,069	1,798	1,202	800	1,867	1,265	7,711	3,996

3.21 Number of reports for 2007, by abuse type, by number of distinct children

	Emotional abuse		Neglect		Physical abuse		Sexual abuse
	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children
Doctors	33	33	13	13	7	7	5	5
Nurses	305	269	178	160	97	91	103	101
Police	968	809	288	255	59	52	56	52
School personnel	662	531	434	299	512	446	187	179
Child care workers	25	23	19	19	19	19	16	16
Social workers	32	31	25	21	13	13	8	8
Combined major mandated reporter groups	2,025	1,537	957	699	707	597	375	324
Other reporter groups combined	2,358	1,613	1,152	828	402	351	321	254
Totals:	4,383	2,616	2,109	1,328	1,109	891	696	516

3.22 Number of reports for 2007, by outcome of report, by number of distinct children

	Not investigated		Investigated		Substantiated		Not substantiated		Totals
	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children
Doctors	42	42	16	16	7	7	9	9	58	58
Nurses	503	461	180	163	64	63	116	105	683	596
Police	1,063	935	308	265	160	129	148	140	1,371	1,099
School personnel	1,356	1,066	439	359	130	110	309	267	1,795	1,269
Child care workers	61	59	18	18	4	4	14	14	79	75
Social workers	63	58	15	15	0	0	15	15	78	73
Combined major mandated reporter groups	3,088	2,313	976	763	365	276	611	526	4,064	2,710
Other reporter groups combined	3,180	2,065	1,053	797	400	314	653	540	4,233	2,482
Totals:	6,268	3,690	2,029	1,377	765	527	1,264	981	8,297	4,209

3.23 Number of reports for 2008, by abuse type, by number of distinct children

	Emotional abuse		Neglect		Physical abuse		Sexual abuse
	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children
Doctors	26	26	33	33	26	26	15	15
Nurses	258	236	206	186	78	72	92	89
Police	1,007	857	308	266	137	131	78	71
School personnel	381	330	347	276	497	442	164	151
Child care workers	23	23	14	14	22	17	10	10
Social workers	22	22	22	22	7	7	10	10
Combined major mandated reporter groups	1,717	1,371	930	733	767	662	369	311
Other reporter groups combined	1,762	1,289	1,153	871	423	366	323	279
Totals:	3,479	2,237	2,083	1,410	1,190	966	692	537

3.24 Number of reports for 2008, by outcome of report, by number of distinct children

	Not investigated		Investigated		Substantiated		Not substantiated		Totals
	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children
Doctors	81	81	19	19	14	14	5	5	100	100
Nurses	485	446	149	133	72	68	77	68	634	547
Police	1,222	1,047	308	281	196	182	112	108	1,530	1,235
School personnel	1,150	954	239	201	115	98	124	115	1,389	1,083
Child care workers	53	50	16	14	4	2	12	12	69	60
Social workers	48	48	13	13	9	9	4	4	61	61
Combined major mandated reporter groups	3,039	2,361	744	600	410	344	334	297	3,783	2,679
Other reporter groups combined	2,939	2,009	722	588	374	310	348	318	3,661	2,316
Totals:	5,978	3,699	1,466	1,016	784	560	682	577	7,444	4,102

3.25 Number of reports for 2009, by abuse type, by number of distinct children

	Emotional abuse		Neglect		Physical abuse		Sexual abuse
	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children
Doctors	13	13	35	35	6	6	9	9
Nurses	291	239	233	209	130	112	100	90
Police	1,196	981	373	292	111	107	95	93
School personnel	355	339	391	347	558	497	204	172
Child care workers	13	13	16	16	30	27	7	7
Social workers	23	23	25	25	6	6	18	18
Combined major mandated reporter groups	1,891	1,485	1,073	818	841	715	433	344
Other reporter groups combined	2,078	1,513	1,214	909	394	348	269	222
Totals:	3,969	2,452	2,287	1,519	1,235	993	702	527

3.26 Number of reports for 2009, by outcome of report, by number of distinct children

	Not investigated		Investigated		Substantiated		Not substantiated		Totals
	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children
Doctors	48	48	15	15	12	12	3	3	63	63
Nurses	596	506	158	142	75	67	83	81	754	610
Police	1,465	1,196	310	261	186	159	124	116	1,775	1,341
School personnel	1,228	1,028	280	260	113	109	167	163	1,508	1,200
Child care workers	41	38	25	25	17	17	8	8	66	60
Social workers	66	66	6	6	5	5	1	1	72	71
Combined major mandated reporter groups	3,444	2,548	794	638	408	330	386	353	4,238	2,857
Other reporter groups combined	3,285	2,321	670	511	327	271	343	302	3,955	2,561
Totals:	6,729	4,016	1,464	989	735	519	729	604	8,193	4,390

3.27 Number of reports for 2010, by abuse type, by number of distinct children

	Emotional abuse		Neglect		Physical abuse		Sexual abuse
	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children
Doctors	34	34	40	36	9	9	22	22
Nurses	331	297	298	27	112	102	84	78
Police	1,104	941	340	310	164	160	146	132
School personnel	476	415	541	401	597	523	209	202
Child care workers	9	9	27	27	27	25	15	15
Social workers	19	16	27	27	3	2	14	14
Combined major mandated reporter groups	1,973	1,554	1,273	965	912	771	490	409
Other reporter groups combined	2,137	1,457	1,330	965	563	467	369	309
Totals:	4,110	2,457	2,603	1,668	1,475	1,133	859	613

3.28 Number of reports for 2010, by outcome of report, by number of distinct children

	Not investigated		Investigated		Substantiated		Not substantiated		Totals
	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children
Doctors	79	79	26	26	8	8	18	18	105	101
Nurses	681	600	144	137	66	62	78	76	825	708
Police	1,483	1,280	271	238	143	130	128	124	1,754	1,439
School personnel	1,552	1,192	271	239	93	83	178	161	1,823	1,362
Child care workers	56	52	22	22	2	2	20	20	78	72
Social workers	48	44	15	15	8	8	7	7	63	59
Combined major mandated reporter groups	3,899	2,801	749	612	320	274	429	381	4,648	3,120
Other reporter groups combined	3,649	2,438	750	554	294	255	456	374	4,399	2,688
Totals:	7,548	4,208	1,499	1,023	614	482	885	683	9,047	4,565

3.29 Number of reports for 2011, by abuse type, by number of distinct children

	Emotional abuse		Neglect		Physical abuse		Sexual abuse
	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children
Doctors	42	42	48	42	11	11	16	16
Nurses	403	369	277	248	108	107	116	112
Police	1,078	920	392	332	125	115	127	113
School personnel	551	481	655	464	554	490	231	217
Child care workers	4	4	13	13	26	25	10	10
Social workers	53	53	15	15	12	12	12	12
Combined major mandated reporter groups	2,131	1,660	1,400	980	836	717	512	420
Other reporter groups combined	2,314	1,579	1,212	923	493	435	437	311
Totals:	4,445	2,642	2,612	1,647	1,329	1,071	949	638

3.30 Number of reports for 2011 by outcome of report, by number of distinct children

	Not investigated		Investigated		Substantiated		Not substantiated		Totals
	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children
Doctors	92	89	25	22	11	11	14	11	117	108
Nurses	757	684	147	140	79	77	68	64	904	797
Police	1,398	1,213	324	284	188	165	136	125	1,722	1,394
School personnel	1,660	1,220	331	306	71	71	260	240	1,991	1,405
Child care workers	37	36	16	16	1	1	15	15	53	52
Social workers	69	69	23	23	14	14	9	9	92	92
Combined major mandated reporter groups	4,013	2,797	866	706	364	298	502	435	4,879	3,127
Other reporter groups combined	3,627	2,443	829	643	358	299	471	399	4,456	2,715
Totals:	7,640	4,255	1,695	1,157	722	498	973	778	9,335	4,629

3.31 Number of reports for 2012, by abuse type, by number of distinct children

	Emotional abuse		Neglect		Physical abuse		Sexual abuse
	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children
Doctors	57	57	43	35	19	19	13	13
Nurses	377	336	267	238	105	104	96	81
Police	1,037	837	289	253	106	105	199	178
School personnel	622	529	639	465	636	530	231	207
Child care workers	31	31	18	18	38	38	14	13
Social workers	34	33	18	18	14	14	8	7
Combined major mandated reporter groups	2,158	1,580	1,274	934	918	769	561	439
Other reporter groups combined	2,427	1,729	1,166	845	520	404	410	346
Totals:	4,585	2,712	2,440	1,542	1,438	1,098	971	696

3.32 Number of reports for 2012 by outcome of report, by number of distinct children

	Not investigated		Investigated		Substantiated		Not substantiated		Totals
	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children	Reports	Children
Doctors	106	97	26	26	13	13	13	13	132	121
Nurses	691	592	154	140	55	52	99	93	845	712
Police	1,273	1,046	358	299	169	135	189	173	1,631	1,249
School personnel	1,694	1,262	434	381	114	103	320	291	2,128	1,476
Child care workers	78	75	23	23	13	13	10	10	101	98
Social workers	63	63	11	11	7	7	4	4	74	72
Combined major mandated reporter groups	3,905	2,702	1,006	805	371	292	635	553	4,911	3,074
Other reporter groups combined	3,625	2,702	898	688	350	263	548	469	4,523	2,738
Totals:	7,530	4,223	1,904	1,330	721	489	1,183	972	9,434	4,656