Disintegration Period (1792-1922)
The Ottoman Empire ruled an area of approximately 5,200,000 square kilometers, and 72
ethnic nations lived in this empire. When the Ottoman Empire entered a period of decline, it
had to fight on more than one front, and as a result of these wars, trained students and
scientists were lost. The Ottoman Empire started to send 14-15-year-old boys to the fronts
and the empire had lost its power. Faced with civil war as a result of the rebellion of different
nations living in the Ottoman Empire, the Ottoman Empire was now close to its end.
With the beginning of World War I and the Ottoman Empire entering the war alongside the
Austro-Hungarian Empire and the German Empire, it was defeated by the First World War
and this empire collapsed in 1922. At the end of the First World War, the lands of the
Ottoman Empire were completely occupied by Russia, Armenia, France, England, Italy and
the Greek states.
Later, Mustafa Kemal, who was an officer in the Ottoman army, organized the War of
Independence in Anatolia, the heart of the Ottoman lands completely occupied after the First
World War, and the Turks, who fought an epic struggle, expelled the invaders from Anatolia.
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, modern and secular state in 1923 founded the Republic of Turkey.
The Republic of Turkey, with literally rose from the ashes of the Ottoman Empire.
REFERENCES
Uzunçarşılı İsmail 2011 Osmanlı Tarihi TTK
Kemal Namık 2005 Osmanlı Tarihi Bilge Kültür Sanat
İnalcık Halil 2016 Devlet-i Aliyye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları