Q. & A. 711 to 1707 with solved Papers css 1971 to date

FALL OF MADA’IN, THE CAPITAL OF PERSIAN EMPIRE
(637 A.D.)
The city of Mada’in was situated on the east bank of river Tigris and was almost surrounded by it. After a rest of few months, Hazrat Sa’d took permission from Hazrat Umar (Rad.A) to invade the capital. When Hazrat Sa’d (Rad.A) marched, the Persians destroyed the bridge on the river. The river was deep and turbulent but the detenr.iuation of Muslims was not affected. They were having full faith in Allah Almighty, die Creator of the Universe. It has been recorded in some books of history that on finding the destruction of the bridge by the Persians Hazrat Sa’d said: ”Allah made a way in the Red Sea for Moses and hi? follower-.. He will surely help us who are following His Last Prophet, Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH).” He consulted the generals of his army and then ordered the Muslims to go across. First of all sixty horsemen plunged themselves in the river and crossed it. Then th^ whole army crossed the river as if it were walking on the ground. Seeing the Muslims crossing the river the Persian archers rained arrows on the Muslims. Hazrat Sa’d had already appointed six hundred archers on nearby hill. They assaulted the Persians who ran away saying: ”Dev rmdand, Dev amdand” i.e., ”The giants have come! The giants hi.ve come”. The Muslims crossed the Tigris without any severe loss. Yezdgird and his ministers had already fled and the capital was captured without any opposition. With this victory the whole of the territory between the Euphrates and the Tigris came under the possession of the Muslims. The prophecy of che Holy Prophet came true: ”A group of Muslims will capture the white palace of the Persian Emperor”. Both Hazrat Umar (Rad.A) and Hazrat Sa’d (Rad.A) thanked Allah for this great victory. When che rich booty from the white palace of Yezdgird reached Medina, tears came out in the eyes of Hazrat Umar (Rad.A)
7 Syed Ameer Ali, P. 29.
Hazrat Umar (Rad. A.)
237
and he remarked, ”I am weeping because riches had often the cause of enmity and mutual bitterness. Those people who have such evils, ultimately lose respect”.