" cars, that would serve cheapest. That the Universities
" were miserably troubled by many, either Papists or Epi-
" cures. Whence it came to pass, that there were so few
" Gospel preachers, that many churches had no sermons in
" five or six years, or more : that divine service was coldly
" and disorderly uttered, and so pronounced that it could
" no more be understood than if it were Afric or Indian
" tongue. That baptism was ministered in the presence
" of a few light women. When marriage was solenmized,
" they prattled and played. The Lord's Supper in many
" places celebrated like a mass. No regard had of Christ's
" flock. No conference of catechism with the ignorant sort.
" No public or private admonition given to them that were
VOL. II. A a
354 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL
BOOK " slack in their duties, or otherwise offended. These and
I.
' " divers other abuses, neglects, and impieties, he saidy
Vnnoi550. u ^yQYQ ^l^g chief members of Antichrist, his bones, flesh,
" and sinews : which therefore the members of Christ
" should with mutual force and continual travail seek to
" overthrow. And then the abuse of apparel, and of all
" other things, would utterly be abandoned, and all the
" badges and shadows of Antichrist would vanish away.
" But that if these principal members of Antichrist, his
" substance and whole body, were not cut off, and the king-
" dom of Christ thoroughly established, by restoring the
" pure doctrine of Christ and good discipline, in vain
" should they labour to put the marks and shadows of
" Antichrist to flight. That if any Church should give ear
" to him, they should not retain any garments which the
" Papists had used in their superstitious service, and that
" for these causes, that it might the more plainly declare
" that they had renounced all fellowship with the Romish
" Antichrist, that they acknowledged the liberty of exter-
" nal things, and that the greatest care was to restore
" chiefly those things wherein the discipline of Christ did
227 " especially consist, and that no occasion of strife might re-
" main among the weaker sort. But to say that these gar-
" ments were so defiled by the abuse of Antichrist, that no
" Church might use them, he dared not be so bold. Nei-
" ther did he see any place of Scripture whereby he might
" defend this condemning of the good creature of God.
" That any ceremony is wickedly Aaronical or Antichristian,
" stood not in any creature of God, in any figure, in any
'' colour, but in the mind and profession of those that
" abused God's good creature to wicked signification. —
'' And if any Church, by the liberty of Christ, would have
" their ministers wear some special apparel in their ministry,
" to this end to edify the flock of Christ, setting apart all
" superstition, all lightness and dissension, he could not see
" who could justly condemn such Churches of any sin, nor
" of any fellowship udth Antichrist. And in the conclusion,
" he prayed God so to moderate or remove this contro-
OF KING EDWARD VI. 355
" versy, that it hindered not the necessary cleansing of the CIIAP.
<« Church.'' Hoper's letter to this reverend man, and his to ^^^^'^^•
Hoper, (whereof this is some brief account,) may be con- Anno 1550.
suited in the Repository. ^IM. NN.
Now did Ridley, Bishop of London, by his injunctions. Orders for
order the altars in his diocese to be taken down, as occa-aitars!
sions of great superstition and error, and tables to be set in
their rooms in some convenient places of the chancel or
choir. And so far did the King's Council favour him King: Edw.
herein, that in the month of June Sir John Yates, or
Gates, the high sheriff, went down with letters into Essex,
to see the Bishop of London's injunctions put in force, for
the plucking down altars, superaltaries, and other corrup-
tions in religion. This when it was urged against Ridley
by the commissioners a little before his burning, he said,
it was done upon this consideration, among others, for that
altars seemed to come nigh the Jews' usage. But the Pa-
pists now called the communion-table, most irreverently, an
oyster board. So did Dr. Weston, and White, afterward
Bishop of Lincoln. But as Ridley began this reformation
of the Lord's table, so by the Council's letter to him, and
orders sent to all the Bishops in the month of November,
altars were generally every where taken away.
But great contest there happened hereupon, in what pre- Contest
cise part of the chancel the table should be placed, and standing of
how it should stand, whether east or north. And some the tables,
placed it one w ay, and some another : which made White,
before-mentioned, scoffingly tell Ridley, " When your table Acts and
" was constituted, you could never be content in placing J^^^^^g^,
" the same, now east, now north, now one way, now an-
" other, until it pleased God of his goodness to place it
" clean out of the Church." But Ridley told him more
gravely concerning the reformation that was made in re-
lation to the holy communion, " that the supper of the
" Lord was not at any time better ministered, nor more
" duly received, than in these latter days, when all things
" were brought to the rites and usage of the primitive
" Church."
Aa S
356 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL
BOOK But altars gave them such disgust, that before these
'• public orders for the taking them away, many well disposed
Sinno 1550. persons had changed them for tables. Thus George Con-
lome altars gtantine, Archdeacon of Carmarthen, in the year 1549,
.efo"e oT-^ pulled down the altar there, and set up a table in the
'^'"" middle of the church ; which however made a great mur-
mur among the people. And the Bishop of St. David's,
228 thinking this a dangerous matter at this time, when there
was a rebellion in divers parts of the nation, and fearing it
might provoke the Welshmen to rise, and not liking the
Archdeacon's doing this of his own head, without consult-
ing the Bishop, and without any authority from above,
commanded the Vicar to set up the communion table for
the present time near the place where it was before, that is,
where the altar stood. And this was made one of the ar-
ticles against this Bishop by Constantine, and the rest of his
enemies,
rhe case Barlow, Bishop of Bath and Wells, had deprived the
Shop'))f ^ Dean, named John Goodman, for some fault, which I do
iath and ^^^ ^^ present find. For this act the common lawyers di-
Vells, and , , -^ i -r^- i
he Dean, rected the Dean to sue the Bishop upon a premunire,
because that deanery was a donative of the King's. And so
he brought a writ of premunire, Octob. 11, against the Bi-
shop. Upon this the Bishop applied himself to the Coun-
cil, that, if the law would permit, he might be excused per-
sonal appearance until the Parliament, and yet to answer
by attorney. The Bishop also obtained a pardon, dated
November 13, of all manner of contempts and prejudices,
and of all manner of judgments; and further, of all his
ISS. D. goods, lands, and tenements. But notwithstanding, the
ipis.Lond. j^g^ipgg proceeded in the cause. So that November the 22d,
Justice Lyster, Bromley, and Portman, appeared before the
Council, and being demanded why they proceeded in the
Bishop of Bath's matter of premunire, contrary to their
letters of restraint addressed unto them in that behalf, they
answered, that they were sworn to suffer the laws to have
their due course : so that without violating their oaths, they
could stay no process. Other excuses they made, but of
OF KING EDWARD VI. S57
small moment. Wherefore in the end this question was CHAP.
proposed to them: " If a spiritual office be surrendered ;
" to the King, and after, the King by Parliament newly Anno i56(
" erecteth the same office, whether the same office be a spi-
" ritual office, or no .?" November 26. they gave in their
answer, with the advice of the rest of the Justices ; which
was this :
Resp. " A spiritual office surrendered to the King, not-
" withstanding the new erection of the same by any act of
" Parliament, remaineth still a spiritual office as it was be-
" fore.^'
These things seeming to go against the Bishop, he ap-
pealed from the common law and the Judges to the Privy
Council. February 12. the Dean, for his disobedience and
evil behaviour to the Bishop, was committed to the Fleet.
February 15. the Council ordered the Kings's attorney and
solicitor to confer with some of his Majesty's Justices touch-
ing the premunire between the Bishop and Dean; and
upon the resolution of the same to repair to their Lordships
with the proceedings of the same. February 18. the Arch- Justice
bishop had a letter sent to him by the Council, to proceed Abridgm.
in the appeal between the Bishop and the Dean : for Good- '^it. Pre-
. .. Ill p munire,
man, after his deprivation, had made a formal appeal unto n. 21.
the King. But whether that appeal was to be allowed, Goodman
since the King had left Goodman's case unto the decision thedeanen
of his commissioners delegate for that purpose, and they ^PP^^l^^h.
had judged and deprived him, was a case much argued by part iv.
the Judges. And this was the opinion of most of them ; P' ^'*^'
viz. Where a sentence is given by commissioners delegate
by the prince, the party grieved appealing, such appeal is
out of the order prescribed by the said statute. And the
prince in that case may grant a new commission to others
to determine that appeal. And this was done. The issue
was, Goodman's deprivation stood, but the Bishop was con-
strained to sue for a pardon.
As to the success of the Reformation, it went on but 229
slowly in the parts farther distant from London. In Wales ^upersti-
'' ^ , , , , . lions and
the people ordinarily carried their beads about with them wickedness
Q in Wales.
A a o
358 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL
BOOK to church, and used them in prayer. And even at the
' church of Carmarthen, while the Bishop was at the com-
Lniio 1 550. jjiunion-table bareheaded, doing his devotions, the people
kneeled there and knocked their breasts at the sight of the
communion, using the same superstitious ceremonies as they
had used in times past before the mass. They brought
there corpses to be buried with songs, and candles lighted
up about them. And one Dr. Hughs ministering the com-
munion in the cathedral church of St. David's, did after
the popish manner break the host into three pieces, putting
one of the parts into the cup, and giving an whole cake to
the communicants without breaking the same. Also, this
country was very infamous for concubinacy, adultery, and
incest. Some kept four concubines together. It was com-
mon for married men to keep concubines, and other men''s
wives. Some put away their own lawful wives, and married
their concubines. One had two children by his own sister.
One kept two sisters, whereof one was married to another
man. One kept his own sister. And many of these sinners
were priests.
he French But to look out a little upon our nation's concerns abroad.
intMu-abiy When matters were adjusted between England and France,
)n(]ucted and Boloign was to be restored to the French, which was
agreed upon about the beginning of this year 1550, hos-
tages on each side were to be given, and a great sum of
money to be paid to King Edward. Account of this af-
fair is given in the History of the Reformation. To which
I add a few things relating hereunto out of the Council-
Book. " April 20. Sir Thomas Cheney, Lord Warden of the
'' Cinque Ports, was ordered to repair to Dover, to meet
" three of the French hostages, viz. Mons. d'Enghien, le
" Marq. du Main, and Mons. Montmorancy, eldest son to
" the Constable of France; who were to remain here on
" the French part for surety of the first payment. And for
" surety of the second payment were three other hostages,
" Mons. Tremoyl, Vidame de Chartres, and Mons. Hanni-
" bal d'Oy, the admiral's only son. And because these
'' French hostages were of the principal nobility of France,
OF KING EDWARD VI. 359
" it was agreed, that the Lord Marquis of Northampton, CRAP.
«' High Chamberlain of England, with an honourable com-
' pany, viz. the Earl of Rutland, Lord Lisle, Lord Russei, Anno 1550
" Lord Grey, Lord WiUiam Howard, Lord Bray, Sir An-
" thony St. Leger, Sir William Stafford, Sir John Cutts,
" Sir Peter Mewtas, with certain other gentlemen, should
" meet them between Dover and London, to conduct them
" the more honourably, according to their estates.
" Sir Maurice Denvs and Sir William Sherington, com- Coramis-
•^ 1 J sioners tor
" missioners to receive the first payment, now to be made receiving
''by the French, are ordered to give, if Mons. ^ondy, «»e^Frenct
" master of the French King's finances, doth bring the first
" payment, 2000 crowns in reward from his Majesty : and
" if another brings it, to give 2000 crowns, or so much as
" their discretion shall think fit The reward was ordered
" to Mons. Gondy, because he was the first motioner and
" procurer of the peace.
" Also April 20. Sir John Mason, the ambassador, made ^^^^^^^^^^
" a motion to the Council, to know how he should use the ^r France
" Bishop of Rome's nuncio, when they happened to meet
" in the French Court. Wherein he was referred to his 230
" own discretion, considering the trust committed to him,
" being the King's Majesty's ambassador there.
" Ordered the same day to dismiss the army in the north, ^^^^""'^l^^^^
" to send the Almains home by ships from Newcastle, to ^^ti. Fran.
" send the Irish home by ships from Chester ; and to keep
" up two hundred men more than were usually in pay, in
" the town of Barwick. And forasmuch as the French had
" got the Queen of Scots into their hands, it was resolved to
" send a governor to the east and middle marches, one of
" o-reat wisdom and ability and courage : and that the Earl
" of Warwick was thought the most fit for so important an
" employment. That he should have lOOOZ. per annum
" fee, and an hundred horsemen : with liberty, when things
" were established there, to return to the Court, or remain
" in the country, as he shall please.^'
To lay in here also some other matters from the sameAnen^bai
MS. " April 24. the Marquis of Brandenburgh's ambas- jenburgii
A a 4
360 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL
BOOK " sador made these two requests to the Council: 1. His
' " master offered the King his service with aid of men of
nno]550. « war. 2. He desired the Lady Mary in marriage. The
" answer was, The King took the first offer in good part,
" and returned him thanks. To the second, that his High-
" ness, by the advice of his Council, had already treated with
" the Emperor about it : which, being not yet determined,
** allowed them not in honour to begin .any new practice
" for the same." He was prayed to take this for answer, with
most hearty thanks for his good-will, and so despatched.
SiriiXt " ^^^y ^' ^^^^ -^"^S ^^"^ notice to Sir Robert Bowes,
jwes in " [Warden of the marches,] that he resolved to place the
" Earl of Warwick in the north ; and for the good service of
" Sir Robert Bowes, he would settle a pension on him, and
" further reward him.
le com- u ]y|ay 4. the Lord Clinton, with the rest of the com-
issioners _ -^ ^
turn from " missioners from Boloign, were received by the Council,
' oign- a ^^^ thanked for their good service beyond sea. The
" Lord Clinton, by the whole Council, was conducted to
" the King's presence, who thanked him, and declared that
" he should be made admiral, and one of his Privy Coun-
" cil." And full peace was made this month with the
French King. In whose oath for the peace he confessed
the King's styles, of supreme Head of the Church of Eng-
land, and King of Ireland.
•rd " May 11. the Lord Clinton's estate not being able to
l"rdeci. " maintain the port and dignity of Lord High Admiral, to
" which he had been lately advanced, upon surrender of
" the Earl of Warwick's patent, and in consideration of his
*' great service at Boloign, (of which he was captain,) it was
*' determined to give him 200 Z. land, and to make him one
" of the privy-chamber."
anors And accordingly, by a patent bearing date the 14th of
.en him. May, he, by the name of Edward Lord Clynton and Say,
ok of had granted to him the office of Great Admiral of England,
Ireland, Wales, and the dominions and isles of the same,
the town of Calais, and the marches of the same, of Nor-
mandy, Gascoin, and Aquitain, as it ran in the patent.
OF KING EDWARD VI. 361
And this to hold for the term of his hfe, with the fee of CHAP.
200 marks per annum. And by another patent granted to ^^^^"'
him, June 10. following, the King gave him the manors of Anno i650.
Westinhunger and Sate wood [alias Saltwood] in Kent, and
the manors of Folkston and Walton, and divers other ma-
nors, lands, and tenements, in Kent, Cornwall, York, Lin-
coln, Devon, and Sussex, to the value of 227/. 19s. 5d. and 23 1
181. 5s. lOd. ob. jet with some rent reserved. And (to take
in together in this place other royal bounties enjoyed by
this Lord) in the first year of King Edward's reign, for his
good service against the Scots, the said King gave him the
manor of Braunceton in the county of Lincoln, with the
appurtenances, late parcel of the possessions of John Lord
Hussey ; and the manor of Clifford in the county of Here-
ford, parcel of the possessions of the late Earl of March,
and divers other lands and tenements : and the same year
the King gave him besides, the manor of Folkingham in
Lincolnshire, late parcel of the possessions of the Duke of
Norfolk attainted of treason, and divers other manors, lands,
and tenements.
In November 1550. he had the grant of the office of More grants
High Steward of the manors of Westborough, Calthorp, *^ '""'
Riskington, Hekington, and Welborn, in Lincolnshire; and Warr. Book,
of all other lands, tenements, &c. which were the demeans
of Thomas, late Duke of Norfolk, for life, with the fee of
five pounds by year for the high stewardship, and four
pounds by year for the keeper of the courts. In Jan. 17.
he obtained of the King a licence, that where of late he had
enclosed a several ground in Aslabr, alias Aslakby, and
Kirkby underv/ood in the county of Lincoln, for a park,
that from henceforth it should be a free and lawful park
for keeping and feeding of deer. The next day, viz.
Jan. 18, he had of the King the reversion of the office of
steward of the honour of Bullingbroke in Lincolnshire, and
of all the manors, lands, &c. in the parties of Kesteven,
parcel of the duchy of Lancaster, for life, after the death
of Sir WiUiam Hussey, Knight, and all fees, profits, &c.
This was lately given to the Lord Clinton in possession, for
362 MEMORIALS ECCLESIASTICAL
BOOK that Sir William Hussey was supposed to be dead : now new
signed and granted in reversion. In the very next month he
Anno ] 560. obtained the gift of all the lordships, manors, lands, &c. ly.
ing in the town of St. Botulph, alias Boston, in Lincoln-
shire, belonging to the late chantry of Corpus Christi,
founded within the said town, the value not expressed ; to
be holden by fealty, and to take the profits from Easter,
an. 2 Edward VI. The next month, viz. March 7, an
indenture passed between the King and Edward Lord
Clinton, witnessing, that the Lord Clinton had bargained
and sold unto his Highness all his lordships and manors in
Folkingham, Aslackby, &c. And the King had bargained
and sold unto the said Lord, the lordships and manors of
Wy, and the rectory of Wy in the county of Kent, with di-
vers other lands, &c. And a gift of the same date of the
lordship and manor of Wy and other lands, to the yearly
value of 358Z. 15^. Sd. Again, March 16. he had the office
of keeping the castle of Bullingbroke, and the office of
porter there. March SO. he had the office of steward of
the lordship of Newark upon Trent, and of all the lands,
tenements, &c. whatsoever in Newark, and the office of the
constable of the castle there, and of the bailiff of the same,
for hfe, with fee.
Still more. Anno 1551, March 25, he had a lease of the King for
sixty years, of the manors of Folkingham, Aslabe, and
Temple Aslaby, in the county of Lincoln, with divers other
lands. In April he was made Knight of the Garter, at
the same time when the French King was elected into the
same order. And the King gave him a George, set with
eight small diamonds, which had been the Earl of South-
232 ampton's, late deceased. The same month he had the office
of steward and keeper of the courts of all the lordships and
manors in the county of Lincoln, parcel of the possessions
of the late monasteries of Valday Newbo, Swinshed, &c.
and divers other lands, &c. (as appear by his letters patents)
in the same county, for life, with several fees, amounting to
100 mark.
Anno 1552, in recompence of his journey to France, for
OF KING EDWARD VI. 363
the baptizing of Edward Alexander, the son of the French CHAP.
King, in the name and place of King Edward his godfather, ^^^^^^'
the said King by patent, dated April 15, gave him the Anno 1550.
manor of Kingstown in Somersetshire, with the advowson,
and the manor of Chisilbourn in the county of York, with
the advowson : which were lately parcel of the possessions
of Sir Thomas Arundel, and came to the King^^s hands by
his attainder ; to hold to him and his heirs, with some
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