Survey guidelines for Australia’s threatened non-flying mammals

Yellow-footed rock wallaby

Petrogale xanthopus xanthopus

States and territories: South Australia and NSW.

Regions: South Australia: Flinders Ranges, Gawler Ranges and Olary Hills.

NSW: Gap and Coturaundee Ranges.

Habitat: Rock outcrops, including sandstones, limestone-dolomite, conglomerate-tillite, granite-porphry, escarpments and boulder piles within the semi-arid zone (Lim et al. 1987).

Habit: Ground-dwelling.

Avg. body weight: 6–11 kg (Sharman et al. 1995).

Activity pattern: Nocturnal/partly diurnal (basks in cool weather).

Diet: Herbivore: grasses, shrubs and forbs (Sharman et al. 1995).

Breeding: Breeding occurs throughout the year, but the number of births increases after rainfall (Eldridge 2008).

Description

The yellow-footed rock wallaby is found in rugged semi-arid regions of South Australia and NSW. A second subspecies Petrogale xanthopus celeris was detected in the mid 1980s from south-western Queensland (Sharman et al. 1995). The species is one of the most colourful macropods, with distinctive yellow coloured fur on its ears, arms and legs, a yellow and brown striped tail, and white markings on the sides of its body and on either side of its face.

Like other rock wallabies, yellow-footed rock wallabies inhabit rocky outcrops and boulder piles. Individuals shelter in caves, crevices and under trees or shrubs (particularly Queensland populations of P. x. celeris) during the day and move away from their shelters at night to feed (Lim et al. 1987; Sharp 1997). Home ranges for this species are larger than in other similarly sized macropods and this may relate to the aridity of the species’ habitat (Sharp 2009).

Decline in the yellow-footed rock wallaby may be linked to competition with feral herbivores, hunting, and predation by introduced carnivores (Eldridge 2008). Recovery of some populations can be brought about by the control of these introduced species (Eldridge 2008).

Survey methods

On the basis of the surveys outlined in Section 3.3.11 and other similar studies, the following survey techniques are recommended to detect the presence of the yellow-footed rock wallaby in areas up to 5 hectares in size:

• 
  daytime searches for potentially suitable habitat resources, such as shelter sites (caves, rock boulders and rock ledges) in suitable boulder pile, escarpment and cliff-line habitats (description of the survey technique and recommended effort is outlined in Section 3.3.11)
  
• 
  daytime searches for signs of activity, including tracks, scats and rock shelters worn smooth from resting (description of the survey technique and recommended effort is outlined in Section 3.3.11)
  

• 
  possibly the collection of predator scats, owl casts or remains, targeting predatory bird and mammal nests and dens (description of the survey technique and recommended effort is outlined in Section 3.2.3)
  
• 
  baited camera traps may be of use in confirming the presence and identity of rock wallabies (description of the survey technique and recommended effort is outlined in Section 3.3.6), and
  

• 
  observations for rock wallabies basking during the day, or becoming active at dusk, using binoculars from a location on the ground beneath suitable habitat, or possibly from a helicopter according to the suggested survey technique and effort provided in Section 3.3.11 (minimising disturbance to animals to ensure wallabies do not fall).
  

Should cage trapping surveys (conducted according to the description and recommended survey effort provided in Sections 3.3.10 and 3.3.11) or genetic analysis of hair or tissue samples taken from captured wallabies be required, then appropriate permission and licensing must be sought from the relevant South Australian and NSW government organisation.

Similar species in range

No other rock wallaby species are known to occur within the range of the yellow-footed rock wallaby.

References

Eldridge, M.D.B. 2008. Yellow-footed Rock wallaby Petrogale xanthopus. In ‘The Mammals of Australia’ (Eds. S. Van Dyck and R. Strahan) pp. 392-394 (Reed New Holland: Sydney).

Lim, L., Robinson, A.C., Copley, P.B., Gordon, G., Canty, P.D. and Reiner, D. 1987. The Conservation and Management of the Yellow-footed Rock wallaby Petrogale xanthopus Gray, 1854. Department of Environmental Planning, South Australia.
Sharp, A. 1997. The use of shelter sites by Yellow-footed Rock-wallabies, Petrogale xanthopus, in central-western Queensland. Australian Mammalogy 19: 239-244.
Sharp, A. 2009. Home range dynamics of the Yellow-footed Rock wallaby (Petrogale xanthopus celeris) in central-western Queensland. Austral Ecology 34: 55-68
Sharman, G.B., Maynes, G.M., Eldridge, M.D.B. and Close, R.L. 1995. Yellow-footed Rock wallaby Petrogale xanthopus. In ‘The Mammals of Australia’ pp. 386-387 (Ed. R. Strahan) (Reed Books: Sydney).

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