This well-known Italian Priest called a happy person a “eutrapelos,” and defined the term as “a pleasant person with a happy cast of mind who gives his words and deeds a cheerful turn.”
This well-known Italian Priest called a happy person a “eutrapelos,” and defined the term as “a pleasant person with a happy cast of mind who gives his words and deeds a cheerful turn.”
He thought that comedy results from people who are worse than the average. They do not cause pain, but are like a mistake in being unseemly or distorted.
He thought that comedy results from people who are worse than the average. They do not cause pain, but are like a mistake in being unseemly or distorted.
He nevertheless gave advice on how to make people laugh. Set up an expectation and then “jolt” the audience with something different.
Bergson claimed that when we suppress our “elan vital” and manage our lives with logic, “we act in rigid, mechanical ways, treating new experiences merely as repetitions of previous ones.”
Bergson claimed that when we suppress our “elan vital” and manage our lives with logic, “we act in rigid, mechanical ways, treating new experiences merely as repetitions of previous ones.”
He concluded that laughter comes from the surprise of suddenly seeing “the mechanical encrusted on the living.”
Are we being too literal if we apply his observation to today’s humor that centers around competition between humans and computers?
It is the job of thinking people not to be on the side of executioners.
It is the job of thinking people not to be on the side of executioners.
Man is the only animal that refuses to be what he is.
He wrote that the most common joke is when we expect one thing and something else happens.
He wrote that the most common joke is when we expect one thing and something else happens.
Our disappointed expectation makes us laugh.
But when something ambiguous is thrown in, listeners have to stop and figure out the joke and the effect is heightened.
This French scholar wrote, “I am thinking, therefore I exist.”
This French scholar wrote, “I am thinking, therefore I exist.”
He said that people laugh at those who are inferior to them. He explained that the laugh is an obvious defect, because it is satisfying to see others held in lower esteem than ourselves.
Freud said that telling jokes is like dreaming, a way to let repressed feelings into the conscious mind. When we express our hostile or sexual feelings we ‘save’ the mental energy we would have expended to repress those feelings. That saved energy is vented in laughter.
Freud said that telling jokes is like dreaming, a way to let repressed feelings into the conscious mind. When we express our hostile or sexual feelings we ‘save’ the mental energy we would have expended to repress those feelings. That saved energy is vented in laughter.
He popularized the terms “tendentious humor” and “Freudian slips.”
An example of his definition of “the comic” would be a Rube Goldberg drawing of a fantastically complicated device to do some simple task, such as watering a plant.
At first viewers try to understand how each part of the machine moves the next part, but then acknowledge that the drawing is just a cartoon.
This British writer observed that “Man is the only animal that laughs and weeps; for he is the only animal that is struck with the difference between what things are and what they ought to be. We weep at what thwarts or exceeds our desires in serious matters; we laugh at what only disappoints our expectations in trifles.”
This British writer observed that “Man is the only animal that laughs and weeps; for he is the only animal that is struck with the difference between what things are and what they ought to be. We weep at what thwarts or exceeds our desires in serious matters; we laugh at what only disappoints our expectations in trifles.”
Youth is happy because it has the ability to see beauty. Anybody who keeps the ability to see beauty never grows old.
Gregor Samsa is the ambivalent protagonist in Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis.
This East Prussian philosopher wrote that “Laughter is an affectation arising from the sudden transformation of a strained expectation into nothing.”
This East Prussian philosopher wrote that “Laughter is an affectation arising from the sudden transformation of a strained expectation into nothing.”
NOTE: In a way, this is opposite to the epiphany that today we expect as the punch line of a joke.
This Danish philosopher wrote
This Danish philosopher wrote
“The tragic apprehension sees the contradiction and despairs of a way out,” while the comic vision faces the same contradiction but sees a “way out.” In many situations, “the comic perspective can be more imaginative, more insightful, and wiser than the tragic perspective.”
That which does not kill us makes us stronger.
That which does not kill us makes us stronger.
He who has a why to live can bear almost any how.
In individuals, insanity is rare; but in groups, parties, nations and epochs, it is the rule.
Did any woman who felt well-dressed ever catch cold?
In the end, a Christian expects to be well-paid.
Plato, a classical Greek philosopher (424-348 BCE) conflated what we now call humor with laughter. He looked mainly at the laughter of ridicule and viewed it as an emotion in itself, rather than evidence of something more complex.
Plato, a classical Greek philosopher (424-348 BCE) conflated what we now call humor with laughter. He looked mainly at the laughter of ridicule and viewed it as an emotion in itself, rather than evidence of something more complex.
It therefore fell under his general objection to emotions, which he said “override rationality and self-control.”
Man is condemned to be free, because once thrown into the world, he is responsible for everything he does.
He counseled “Bear yourself with wit, lest you be regarded as sour or despised as dull.” He added, “Those who lack playfulness are sinful.”
He counseled “Bear yourself with wit, lest you be regarded as sour or despised as dull.” He added, “Those who lack playfulness are sinful.”
And those who never say anything to make you smile, and who are grumpy are “rough and boorish.”
Of course there were people thinking and talking about humor over the next several centuries, but we do not have records of their thoughts until the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Renaissance.
This British poet wrote that we laugh when our minds are surprised by recognizing similarities between great and small things. He called it a “descending incongruity.”
This British poet wrote that we laugh when our minds are surprised by recognizing similarities between great and small things. He called it a “descending incongruity.”
points to the psychological differences associated with having a Comic Vision vs. a Tragic Vision of Life. He also lists these Social Differences and says that most “new” religions promote the Comic Vision.
points to the psychological differences associated with having a Comic Vision vs. a Tragic Vision of Life. He also lists these Social Differences and says that most “new” religions promote the Comic Vision.
Anti-Heroism vs. Heroism
Pacifism vs. Militarism
Forgiveness vs. Vengeance
Social Equality vs. Inequality
Questioning vs. Acceptance of Authority
Situation Ethics vs. Duty Ethics
Social Integration vs. Social Isolation
This historical photo from Alleen’s family shows great seriousness.
This historical photo from Alleen’s family shows great seriousness.
To make the wedding portrait “picture perfect”, the bride is sitting down because she was taller than her husband.
Also she is not smiling because she was missing a tooth.
The letters behind the portrait are filled with “serious” advice to the couple’s son.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZrf0PbAGSk
When John Cleese asked the Dalai Lama why in Tibetan Buddhism people laugh so much he responded that laughter is very helpful to him in teaching and in political negotiations, because when people laugh, it is easier for them to admit new ideas to their minds.
John Morreall writes that Zen masters use “koans” to break people’s attachments to incongruities, for example, “What is the sound of one hand clapping?”
John Morreall writes that Zen masters use “koans” to break people’s attachments to incongruities, for example, “What is the sound of one hand clapping?”
He adds that “The most comic vision among traditional religions is in Zen Buddhism and Taoism, the most tragic vision is in certain forms of Judaism and Calvinist Christianity. Virtually all the New Religions of the past fifty years have embraced the comic vision.”
A clergyman confided to us that he thinks that the people who need to hear “Fire and Damnation” sermons are those who don’t attend church.
A clergyman confided to us that he thinks that the people who need to hear “Fire and Damnation” sermons are those who don’t attend church.
He believes that the people who make an effort and come to church need to have their spirits enriched with stories of love and humor.
We thought of this when we saw the portable trailer shown in the next slide.
The Clergyman divides the $4,000 (plus a little extra to make up for the cheapskates) and sends a formal letter and an invoice to each family in the church asking them to submit their share by the end of the month.
Several websites accept and reprint examples online. Shipoffools.com is a British site, while the Joyful Noiseletter is a publication edited by Cal Samra, from Portage, Michigan. Here are just a few examples:
Several websites accept and reprint examples online. Shipoffools.com is a British site, while the Joyful Noiseletter is a publication edited by Cal Samra, from Portage, Michigan. Here are just a few examples:
Ladies may leave their clothes in the basement between 6:00 and 8:00 on Tuesday evening.
At the going-away party for the pastor, the congregation was anxious to give him a little momentum.
You are all invited to prayer and medication next Wednesday.
Attendees are invited to socialize over “coffee and mice pies.”
In the 2008 primary election, Mike Huckabee frequently made jokes or allusions related to the Bible. It was an effective way for him to identify with his conservative base.
In the 2008 primary election, Mike Huckabee frequently made jokes or allusions related to the Bible. It was an effective way for him to identify with his conservative base.
But when National Public Radio polled the people in his audience, they found that only one of those questioned was able to get all of the references correct; nevertheless everyone recognized them as “Biblical.”
When Huckabee was later told that it was almost a statistical impossibility that he could get the Republican nomination, he replied, “I didn’t major in math. I majored in miracles.”
In the 2012 primary elections, when Rick Santorum accused Mitt Romney of “Not being Mormon enough,” hundreds of Mormons sent messages into an unofficial Mormon website. While many of the “jokes” were funny only to “insiders” (those intimately acquainted with Mormonism) others described actions that would “work” for several protestant religious. For example,
In the 2012 primary elections, when Rick Santorum accused Mitt Romney of “Not being Mormon enough,” hundreds of Mormons sent messages into an unofficial Mormon website. While many of the “jokes” were funny only to “insiders” (those intimately acquainted with Mormonism) others described actions that would “work” for several protestant religious. For example,
Mitt Romney is so Mormon that--
…at press conferences the reporters will have to put away their own chairs.
…he will install basketball hoops at the inaugural balls so there will be something to hang the decorations on.
…White House dinners will be potluck affairs.
…Foreign service advisers will wear white shirts and always work in pairs.
Two little kids, a boy and a girl, lived on adjoining Arizona ranches. Every Sunday they would walk into Wickenburg for Sunday School, even though they attended different churches. This particular Sunday, there had been a Saturday night rain, and the two came across a gully that was in flash flood mode. They didn’t dare go through the water for fear of ruining their Sunday clothes. But they hated to have wasted all that walking, and so they decided to get undressed and carry their clothes across on their heads.
Two little kids, a boy and a girl, lived on adjoining Arizona ranches. Every Sunday they would walk into Wickenburg for Sunday School, even though they attended different churches. This particular Sunday, there had been a Saturday night rain, and the two came across a gully that was in flash flood mode. They didn’t dare go through the water for fear of ruining their Sunday clothes. But they hated to have wasted all that walking, and so they decided to get undressed and carry their clothes across on their heads.
All went well and when they got to the other side, they began drying off the best they could before getting dressed. The little boy looked at the girl and in great amazement said, “I didn’t know Baptists and Methodists were that different from each other!”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qzf8q9QHfhI
A gracious lady was at the post office mailing an old family Bible to her brother. When she was asked, “Is there anything breakable in here?” she responded, “Only the Ten Commandments.”
A gracious lady was at the post office mailing an old family Bible to her brother. When she was asked, “Is there anything breakable in here?” she responded, “Only the Ten Commandments.”
Ministers use this quip to encourage people to move to the front: People want the front of the bus, the back of the church, and the center of attention.
A young boy approached his father and proudly told him “I know what the Bible means!” When the father said, “What?” the boy responded, “That’s easy, Dad! . . . It stands for ‘Basic Information Before Leaving Earth.”
When Yuri Nikulin, the “Russian Charlie Chaplin” died in 1997, his favorite joke was recounted as part of his obituary. “An American actor railed at his New York Tailor, ‘God needed only seven days to create the universe and it took you 30 days to make a pair of trousers?’
When Yuri Nikulin, the “Russian Charlie Chaplin” died in 1997, his favorite joke was recounted as part of his obituary. “An American actor railed at his New York Tailor, ‘God needed only seven days to create the universe and it took you 30 days to make a pair of trousers?’
‘Yes,’ answered the tailor, “But look at the world, and then
look at the trousers.’”
When Andy Rooney died in 2011, his obituary included comments he made as part of reporting on the inauguration of Barack Obama. He told viewers that “Calvin Coolidge’s 1925 swearing-in was the first to be broadcast on radio.” Then Rooney added, “That may have been the most interesting thing Coolidge ever did.”
We were surprised when we lived in Afghanistan in 1969 to hear humorous stories told about Mullah Nasrudin.
We were surprised when we lived in Afghanistan in 1969 to hear humorous stories told about Mullah Nasrudin.
Now that the Taliban is trying to enforce a strict version of Islam, such stories have probably disappeared because the tension is too high.
But when we lived there, we heard such stories as those on the next slide, which were a subtle way of protesting the authority of the Mullahs.
It is dark and the Mullah fell into a freshly dug hole left by workers repairing a road. Townspeople had gathered around and were stretching their hands out to the Mullah, saying “Here, give me your hand and I will pull you up.” Mullah Nasrudin stubbornly ignored them until a wise man came along and said, “Here, take my hand and I will pull you out.” As he pulled the unhappy man up from the hole, he explained. “Mullahs are used to TAKING, not GIVING!”
It is dark and the Mullah fell into a freshly dug hole left by workers repairing a road. Townspeople had gathered around and were stretching their hands out to the Mullah, saying “Here, give me your hand and I will pull you up.” Mullah Nasrudin stubbornly ignored them until a wise man came along and said, “Here, take my hand and I will pull you out.” As he pulled the unhappy man up from the hole, he explained. “Mullahs are used to TAKING, not GIVING!”
A more ornate story is about how the Mullah tricked his congregation so that for three weeks in a row he did not have to give his Friday sermon.
Some scholars have observed that myth-ology is more playful, and so it is appropriate for people to create new myths and stories.
Some scholars have observed that myth-ology is more playful, and so it is appropriate for people to create new myths and stories.
But with religion, such creativity is considered sacrilegious.
Who determines what is a myth vs. what is religion?
Lots of old stories try explaining the “miracle of the creation” by explaining that the world is resting on the back of a turtle.
Lots of old stories try explaining the “miracle of the creation” by explaining that the world is resting on the back of a turtle.
The answer to the question of “What holds up the turtle?” is “It’s turtles all the way down!”
Here Don holds a string of such turtles hand-sewn by women in India. We bought the artifact at an art museum and have no idea whether the creator was being humorous or serious.
