Written by Shirley Rendon Montoya
Article Review: Five Basic Parts of the Organization
From the book
“
The Structuring of Organization
s”
by Henry Mintzberg (1979)
Managing an organization to be, not only effective but also an organization that satisfies the population or its
beneficiaries, will be always a difficult task, especially in public institutions and unfortunately, there is no infallible
way to follow and do it. Organization models, processes, flows, and human resources -among others- are concepts
that are closely related and have a significant impact on the success of any organization. In this context,
Mintzberg
’
s work gives us the basis to implement and restructure organizational models or systems, in order to
be more efficient, optimize resources, and achieve the objectives of the organization, which can be applied in
public institutions.
Based on Mintzberg's division, it perfectly fits with the organizational structure of the Ministry of Education of
Peru: i) strategic apex, where the main decisions are taken, we have the Minister, the National Education Council,
and their staff; ii) middle line that is responsible for the coordination, supervision, and monitoring of the operating
core, furthermore, they are responsible for transferring the decisions made in the strategic apex, we have the Vice
ministers,
managing directors, and unit managers; iii) technostructure,
where the methodologies, quality
standards, and evaluations are design, we have the Strategic Planning Secretary, Evaluation Unit, Quality Unit, and
Programming Unit; iv) support staff, as its name said, they transversally support the work of the other divisions to
accomplish the objective of the organization,
we have Human Resources Office, Communication Office, Legal
Counseling, Administration and Logistic, among others and; v) operating core, which is in charge of the missionary
processes, and transform the inputs into outputs to give the population and beneficiaries the service or product,
we have all the education specialist.
Referring to the organization of the Ministry of Education, I could say that the Mintzberg structure permits us to
identify all the elements that are parts of the institution, determine which are the specialized areas, and also could
be useful to reduce the duplicity of tasks. However,
in this structure, it has not been possible to consider the
attached institutions as Pronied, which is in charge
of educative infrastructure, and Pronabec in charge of
managing the scholarships for Peruvians. Both have their own organization but has a strong relationship with the
Ministry.
Having the parts of the organization, now Mintzberg explains to us how those parts coordinate and work together,
through the following five work systems:
▪
System of formal authority: Represented by the traditional organization chart, it could be considered the most
limited or simple organization structure in a world where we are encouraging workers to be creative and
innovative. However, it allows to communicate to the population how its Ministry is divided and works. Indeed,
many competitive funds for Peruvian startups required this traditional organization chart.
▪
System of regulated flows: It identifies how the different areas can work together as a network. Even though this
model is limited by only 3 regulated flows as: the operating work flow (missional processes), the control flows
(feedback among the vertical line), and the staff information flow (decision-based on evidence) it could be the
first flows whose processes can be optimized and even automatize or digitize them.
▪
System of informal communication: It refers to all those processes and flows that are not been regulated and
recognized in the system of the organization, however, they are very important because they permit the people
to communicate and strengthen the relationship between the members of the organization, furthermore this
system could find channels of communication more efficient and reduce time
in the product or service
production. It is useful in the Ministry to empower leaders and motivate workers but also because it helps to
reduce time by encouraging workers to communicate informally to coordinate certain kinds of topics, instead of
sending a formal document and waiting for the reply.
▪
System of work constellations: This system allows people to work in small specialized groups with a common
goal. In the Ministry of Education, this system is frequently used to form committees or working groups on
specific and specialized topics like gender approach.
▪
System of Ad Hoc decision processes: Here we can see how all the systems are
blended and work together,
depending on the decision made by the organization which has to identify the necessity or problem, diagnose
the situation, develop solutions, select the best solution that must be applied and evaluate it.
In conclusion, this reading gives us a look into the multiple paths that an institution could take in order to organize
its work. There is no wrong or a better or even a single way to take it, the challenge will be to find a system that
suits the necessities of the organization and helps to achieve its objectives. Furthermore, it is important to remark
that it is possible to change the direction of the election at any moment.
By monitoring and evaluating,
organizations could learn and respond rapidly to conditions more effectively.