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- Schools, colleges, universities Text one
- Work and leisure Text one
Text three R.I.P. Full English Breakfast FULL ENGLISH BREAKFAST has seen its last dawn, market researchers have announced. Full English - or Fry-up, as it was affectionately known to those who found calorific comfort in its fried bacon, sausage, mushroom, eggs and tomato - could not survive in the modern world. Notoriously unhealthy Fry-up was killed by a flurry of activity. Britons are increasingly busy in the mornings and Full English was just too "time consuming to prepare". Though cooking burns 100 more calories an hour than sitting down, people neglected Full English (admittedly 127 calories per sausage) in favour of convenience foods they could wolf down on the way to work or actually at their desks. "Deskfast" fare such as cereal bars and, God forbid, fruit are preparing to dance on Full English's grave. There are even rumours Full English's evil foreign enemies (Swiss muesli, French croissants and American muffins) had a hand in the death. Full English may not even be survived by its old haunts. More than one in nine old-style "greasy spoon" cafes have shut down since 1997. Fry-up's legacy may linger in the very heart of the information age blamed for its demise. Full English was instrumental in the writing of the Monty Python spam sketch (Waitress: Well, there's egg and bacon; egg, sausage and bacon; egg and spam; egg, bacon and spam..."), which gave annoying and unsolicited mass e-mails their nickname. Full English is thought to be survived by an identical twin across the Irish sea, Ulster Fry. There is also a relative north of the Border, Full Scottish. Almost identical to its Sassenach sibling, except for the addition of haggis. No flowers. Questions Do you have a favourite dish? Does eating mean much to you? Do you eat traditional food, or international ones? What do you think about home cooking? Do you often go to restaurants? Do you have a favourite eatery? Describe it. Do you follow the healthy eating trends? Do you have to follow a diet for any reason? Do you sometimes eat fast food? What do you consider healty and unhelthy eating habits? Lexical units affectionately szeretettel aisle folyosó ale világos sör attempt megkísérel beetroot cékla come round átjön carrier bag reklámszatyor cater for ellát vkit, főz vkire condiment fűszer, ízesítő demise átruházás, lemondás deserve megérdemel enthusiasm lelkesedés exposed beams fagerendák fare itt: kaja faultless hibátlan feature tulajdonság flurry nyugtalanság, kapkodás God forbid isten ments! grave sír(fn) haunt kísért head indul horseradish torma I don’t mind nem bánom increasingly egyre inkább ingredients hozzávalók kitchen bin szemetesvödör legacy hagyaték, örökség line bélel linger időzik, késlekedik market researchers piackutatók neglect elhanyagol occasionally néha overweight túlsúlyos pantry kamra perishable romlandó pickled gherkins savanyú uborka picturesque festői praise dicsér prawn garnéla pressure nyomás R.I.P. nyugodjék békében reasonable értelmes rumour pletyka sibling testvér skewer nyárs skinny vékony sniff szimat(ol) spam darálthús-konzerv spinach spenót squeeze facsar starve éhezik tough kemény unsolicited kéretlen verge széle vminek well-stocked jól felszerelt wise bölcs Pictures and tasks Look at these pictures and speak about them. Start by describing what you can see in the picture, then go on and talk about anything that comes to mind in connection with the picture. 
  
Schools, colleges, universities Text one When I was a child I went to the primary school of the next village. Our own primary school which was only three houses away had only one class and one teacher, and all children between the age of six and ten went there. (By all children I mean twelve or thirteen, because my place was a really small village) As I went to kindergarten also, which was in the next village , too, I started commuting to school at the age of four. Most of the time we went by bike, but if there was snow, or such unfavourable weather condition, we walked. The school was two and a half kilometers from my home, not a long distance when I was older than ten, but incredibly long and tiring before. The school was in several old buildings, but there weren’t enough classrooms, so the young children went to school in the afternoon, and the upper classes, who had to have more lessons, went in the mornings. I didn’t learn too much at school, I already knew everything in advance because I usually read the schoolbooks on the day we got them, and not only mine, but my brother’s as well. He is two years older than me, so I learnt everything two years in advance. When I went to secondary school my strategy was to pay attention during the lessons and spend as little time doing my homework as possible. It worked, and I had relatively good results, I know I could have better grades if I had spent more time studying, but it was such a pity to.I spent most of my free time reading, fiction and non-fiction, books, magazines and papers, Hungarian and English ones, so I learnt very much during my schoolyears, only not what the subject material was. I loved my college years, too. It was hard work, but I enjoyed it. I had to learn how to prepare for exams properly, but I had the best grades during my college carreer. Few friends of mine applied for a place at a university after the first year at college, but I didn’t want to, because I should have started it again from the very beginning and I felt I had no time for that. At the age of nineteen I felt I was too old to waste a year. Actually, I was eager to start my own life. So I applied for a place at a university when I was 33, had a full-time job and two small children. I finished a correspondent course, I must tell you it wasn’t easy, but I got my degree and that’s the only important thing.A few years ago I wanted to take up another university course, but the fee was too high for me to pay, and anyway, I’m not getting younger. I took part in some training courses, that’s all I have had energy for lately. Text two The 1944 Education Act provided universal free schooling in three different types of schools; grammar, secondary modern and technical. Rab Butler hoped that these schools would cater for the different academic levels of children. Entry to these schools was based on the 11+ examination. Many educational experts were opposed to the idea of selection at eleven and argued that secondary modern schools were providing a second-class education. Some Local Education Authorities experimented with the idea of creating comprehensive schools designed to provide an education for children of all abilities. Although initially hostile to these schools, by the 1960s the Labour Party supported plans to phase out grammar schools. Following the 1964 General Election, the new Labour Government instructed all local authorities to prepare plans for the creation of comprehensive schools, either by amalgamation or the building of new schools. This policy was also accepted by Conservative governments and by 1990 the majority of grammar schools had been turned into comprehensives or had become independent. The present system: Between the ages of 5 and 11 children attend the primary school and then progress to secondary school level, which normally means entry into a Comprehensive School. The tripartite system of secondary education has practically disappeared and has been replaced by the Comprehensive School. Among the Comprehensive Schools are also the Voluntary denominational schools. Particularly strong are the Roman Catholic Comprehensive Schools. What is a comprehensive school? When we say that it incorporates everything in the tripartite system we have said all. These schools take all pupils regardless of ability (except those children with special needs who attend special schools). They therefore cater for children from a variety of social backgrounds, hence the name "comprehensive". There is no examination or any other selection process for entry. Comprehensive Schools, however, have not eliminated distinctions. There is what is called "streaming" and "setting" according to learning ability. This means that students are grouped together in order to achieve a degree of uniformity in classes. 86.8% of pupils in England attend comprehensive schools. There are, however, other types of school. Examinations: After four years of secondary school, at about the age of 16, pupils sit the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) examination. This is taken in a wide range of subjects according to the pupils' ability. Usually four to eight or even as many as ten subjects. The exams are marked by an independent body. Two years later the students sit another examination called the General Certificate of Education (GCE) (A Level) again based on a selection of subjects chosen by each candidate (usually three to five and including a science subject and an arts subject). Access to universities is based on the number of examinations taken and the grades achieved. The exact requirements are fixed by the individual universities and vary according to the type of degree course you want to follow.
Even if they aren’t thinking beyond GCSEs, it will be decision time before both of you know it. Decisions taken now can help your child along the path of Higher Education. That's why its best to be equipped with all the information you need to make the right moves together. The first step
The second step There are many routes to getting a degree, some direct, others involving a combination of qualifications. The route that’s right for your child depends on their FE qualifications and the course they want to do at university. There is something to suit everyone and lots of choice. Degree
Sandwich course
Foundation degree Covers work-related topics and takes two years of full-time study; can also be done part-time while working. Option to convert to a full degree with further study. Higher National Diploma/Higher National Certificate (HND/HNC) Cover a variety of work-related subjects. Last two years, three with a year in industry. DipHE
Most applications to higher education courses are through the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS). Before applying, students will wish to look at university and college prospectuses, and take opportunities to attend open days. When choosing which course to apply for some considerations include: career plans - some jobs will require particular qualifications where to study - to remain in the same area or move away the popularity of subjects or colleges and universities and the entry requirements the structure of the course the facilities available at the university or college whether accommodation is available Applications are sent to each of the chosen universities and colleges at the same time. Each one then decides whether to offer a place to the applicant. Usually, offers are conditional on the student getting certain exam grades. Entry requirements for courses differ between universities and colleges reflecting for example the popularity of a course. If no offers are made, or the student fails to make the required grade, the student becomes eligible for clearing, a process which tries to match students with available course vacancies. Questions Do you remember your first school well? What was the building like? What was the best or worst thing about going to school when you were a young child? Did you have a lot of friends? What activities did you do in and out of school? Do you remember the last year of the elementary school? Where did you start secondary school? Was very different from your elementary school? What were your favourite subjects, if you had any? What were your plans for the future when you were at school? Lexical units abilities képességek access hozzáfér(és) accommodation szállás according to vki szerint achieve elér Act törvény amalgamation egyesítés, keveredés application jelentkezés apply for jelentkezik vhová attend jár (iskolába) available kapható benefit járandóság candidate jelölt commute bejár (dolgozni, iskolába) comprehensive átfogó conditional feltételes confidence bizalom consideration meggondolás convert átalakít correspondent course levelező kurzus degree diploma denominational szakmai distance távolság distinction különbség doubt. kétség eligible kívánatos, választható eliminate töröl equip felszerel experiment kísérlet expert szakértő facilities tárgyi feltételek foundation alapítvány GCE középszintű érettségi GCSE felsőszintű érettségi grade jegy hence innen hostile ellenséges in advance előre include tartalmaz incorporate magába foglal incredibly hihetetlenül independent body független testület initially kezdetben It's worth megéri kindergarten óvoda local authorities helyi hatóságok oppose ellenez option lehetőség phase out megszüntet process eljárás progress haladás provide biztosít, ellát qualification végzettség regardless tekintet nélkül vmire requirement követelmény route út(vonal) subject material tananyag support támogat tiring fárasztó tripartite system hármas rendszer unfavourable kedvezőtlen universal univerzális, egyetemleges vary változik vocational szakképző (iskola) waste pazarlás whether vajon? wide range of széles választéka vminek Pictures and tasks Look at these pictures and speak about them. Start by describing what you can see in the picture, then go on and talk about anything that comes to mind in connection with the picture.  
 
Work and leisure Text one When I finished school in 1976 I applied for a place at a college, but there were too many applicants and too few college places. Although I got admission I had to wait a year to actually start my course. There were severe laws about people and work at that time, so if I didn’t want to lose my place at the college I had to find a job for my gap-year. I moved back to my parents’ place and started to look for a job that was not very far away from my home where I could do stay for nine months . I had no ideas about it only that I could spend my waiting year, possibly earn a little money and most importantly to secure my place at the college. There was a big holiday camp for children that was open all year round about 30 kms from my place. It was a really big institution so I decided to try whether they have some vacant positions for a junior clerk or something like that. I was lucky there was a post for an assistant in the museum of the place. I applied for it without hesitation and I got it. It was my job to keep the glass containers clean, guide the visitors, speak about the history of the pioneers’ organisation as well as helping the two ladies who worked there with filing and the catalogues. It could have been an interesting and varied job had I been the least bit interested in it. The museum had an open air part as well, next to the place’s railway station in some railroad wagons. It was a long way from the main buildings and I liked that part the best. When the children who spent one or two weeks at the camp came to visit this outer site I went there too, to supervise as well as speak about the exhibitions and answer questions, but I always lingered there and never went back promptly to the buildings especially when the weather was clear and sunny. As the museum was open all day I worked in shifts. One week in the morning, from 8 to 4, the other week in the afternoon, from 12 to 7 so that I could catch the 7.30 train home. Commuting was tiring, and I didn’t make much money but altogether I had good time at my first job and I learnt lessons that came very useful in my later life and career. Text two I was running through some of these in my mind. There was a time that these jobs were in high demand, but was killed or dying off by technology MOVIE PROJECTIONIST : Back in the days when going to the movies was an all day event, on the top in the little square windows above, there actually was a guy that would rewind, thread, and change reels of a movie. However, with the advent of multiplexes, and machines that automatically rethread and cue, it only takes one person and that usually is the manager, that puts in the movie and changes it once the movie has finished its run. TYPEWRITER REPAIR : It happens, keys get stuck or bent, certain letters just won't type right, the carriage gets jammed. So you take it to your local typewriter repair to get it fixed. But now, with computers and printers in everyone's home (along with the convenience of fixing your errors - such as spelling and grammar) BEFORE you print it, people have thrown away their typewriters. Very few people (mainly older folks) still use typewriters and there are VERY few repair places like this still around. LIGHTHOUSE KEEPER : A long time ago, there was actually a person that would actually turn the light on in the lighthouse and make sure that it stayed lit. The person would also have their residence right next to the house as well. But with automation kicking in and automatically turns the light on when darkness is being sensed, there's no need to have a person tend to the light anymore. MILKMAN: Just like the paperboy (to which that job will eventually become extinct as more people get their newspaper online), a milkman would come every week to your house, pick up empty bottles and deliver new milk. All you had to do was pay for the milk and tip the guy. With cutbacks in jobs, add to the fact the amount of money employers would have to spend on trucks and gas for this, the milkman is gone. JOBS THAT WILL PROBABLY BE EXTINCT IN ANOTHER 20 YEARS : BICYCLE MESSENGER : This is actually a recent trend that will probably be the newest "extinct" job. As recent as the 1990's, you would see these guys all over the city streets pedalling around, going to offices to deliver letters, packages, etc. Now with e-mail and fax taking over, the need for someone to shuttle this sort of information is dwindling. SUPERMARKET CASHIER : It used to be that a supermarket cashier would have to read the sticker on an item and ring it up that way. Once the universal product code (UPC) came in, all it takes is for that same cashier to scan that item through and not have to know the price since the information is already input into a central computer. The trend that is happening now is "self-checkout", where you have one person watching a couple of cash terminals, where customers do the scan themselves, input the money or credit card into the terminal, and get exact change back. TRAVEL AGENT : If you've wanted to plan out a trip, you would go to your local travel agent and he/she would make the arrangements. But with the MANY services on the Internet that offer low prices (such as Travelocity, Priceline, etc.), all it takes is a mouse and a click and you can get the cheap prices yourself. PHOTOGRAPHIC DEVELOPER : I've seen a place like this close the other week near where I live. You would take pictures, and with the rolls of film you have, drop them off and have your film developed. They would either be sent to a lab or done in-house and it would take about a day or two for the pictures to be done. Now with digital photography...all it takes is plugging your camera to a USB or FireWire port and using a program like iPhoto, etc, along with photo paper, you can print up your own pictures, make them as large or as small as you want..and with programs like Photoshop, you can touch up or edit anything that you don't like. And you can do this IMMEDIATELY. As soon as the picture is taken. RADIO ON-AIR PERSONALITY : "Hey there! You're listening to WBLAHBLAHBLAH-FM! Here's the newest from Britney Spears!" A DJ...announcing the music and actually playing the record/CD. Yet with the continued deregulation of radio and large companies gobbling up the mom-and-pop radio stations, it will only be a matter of time (it's happened in some places already) where you have "voicetracking" (one announcer whose information is already automated) along with computerized programs that store a ton of info "spinning" the tunes. Yet one things that computers or technology can NEVER replace is human interaction. Sure, you can book a trip somewhere, but unless you ask someone that has been there before and give you their experience, do you really know if you are getting a good deal if the place stinks? And sure you can listen to a radio station, but without the personal, local touch, could you really feel at one with the station? Yüklə 0,87 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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