Draft working paper Detailed description of the chains of causalities of environmental impacts

4. Tentatives of aggregation of impacts

The correspondences between the 37 impact categories and the 14 initial COST impact categories are given on Table 10.

N

Sources

Targets

Impacts

close to

Corresponding impact(s) from the action (Table 1)

IB

VP

EPD

T

VID

R

ES

HH

HWB

M

E

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

1

*

*

***

ES

Acidification

6

2

*

*

**

*

ES

Direct ecotoxicity

3

6

3

*

*

***

ES

Eutrophication

2

6

7

4

***

*

ES

Habitat fragmentation for biota

12, 19

5

5

***

ES

Hydraulic changes

3

6

***

*

*

*

R?

ES

Land take, landuse

20?

2

7

**

**

ES

Light pollution

4

8

***

**

*

ES

Loss of biodiversity

9

*

ES

E

Ozone depletion: ecotoxicity

25

6

12

10

*

*

***

*

ES

Photochemical pollution: ecotoxicity

22

6

12

11

**

**

ES

Soil and water pollution: ecosystems

7

12

***

ES

Wild life protected areas

4

5?

13

*

*

*

***

R

Non-renewable resource use

9

14

***

ES

HH

Traffic safety

14

15

**

*

**

**

ES

HH

HWB

Waste

10

16

*

*

ES

HH

HWB

Soil and water pollution: agriculture

7

17

***

ES

HH

M

Hydraulic risk

18

3

18

**

**

ES

HH

M

Technological hazards

17

19

***

ES

HWB

Natural protected areas

4

2?

5?

20

**

**

ES

HWB

Noise: scarcity of quiet areas

6?

8

21

*

*

***

*

HH

Direct restricted health effects of air pollution

6

22

*

*

***

*

HH

Photochemical pollution: indirect restricted health effects

10

6

23

*

*

HH

Soil and water pollution: drinking water (water quality, uses and régime)

7

24

***

HH

HWB

Noise: high spots

8

25

*

HH

E

Ozone depletion: indirect restricted health effects

9

13?

26

***

**

HWB

Habitat fragmentation for humans

5

27

**

***

HWB

Odour (sensitive pollution)

11

28

*

**

HWB

Soiling (sensitive pollution)

11

29

*

**

HWB

Visibility (sensitive pollution)

11

30

*

*

HWB

Soil and water pollution: outdoor recreation

7

31

***

HWB

Visual qualities of landscape/townscape

4

32

**

HWB

M

Vibration

8

33

***

M

Degradation of common man-made heritage

6?

34

***

**

M

Degradation of historic man-made heritage

6?

35

***

M

Destruction of common man-made heritage

6?

36

***

**

M

Destruction of historic man-made heritage

6?

37

*

*

*

***

*

E

Greenhouse effect

1

38

**

***

E

Dimming

1

Table 11: Correspondences between the 38 impact categories described in Table 9 and the 14 initial COST impact categories listed in Table 1.

We can propose a more completed aggregation of impacts (see Table 12), based on usual aggregations we can find in the literature. Such 15 aggregated impacts are more understandable than the 38 ones, but are often heterogeneous in terms of targets and more generally chains of impacts, and therefore less useful for the COST action.

N

Sources

Targets

Detailed impacts

Aggregated impacts

IB

VP

EPD

T

VID

R

ES

HH

HWB

M

E

24

***

HH

HWB

Noise: high spots

A

Noise and vibration

20

**

**

ES

HWB

Noise: scarcity of quiet areas

32

**

HWB

M

Vibration

2

*

*

**

*

ES

Direct ecotoxicity

B

Local air quality

21

*

*

***

*

HH

Direct restricted health effects of air pollution

27

**

***

HWB

Odour (sensitive pollution)

28

*

**

HWB

Soiling (sensitive pollution)

29

*

**

HWB

Visibility (sensitive pollution)

1

*

*

***

ES

Acidification

C

Regional air quality

3

*

*

***

ES

Eutrophication

10

*

*

***

*

ES

Photochemical pollution: ecotoxicity

22

*

*

***

*

HH

Photochemical pollution: indirect restricted health effects

5

***

ES

Hydraulic changes

D

Quality, usages and regimes of water

17

***

ES

HH

M

Hydraulic risk

16

*

*

ES

HH

HWB

Soil and water pollution: agriculture

23

*

*

HH

Soil and water pollution: drinking water (water quality, uses and régime)

11

**

**

ES

Soil and water pollution: ecosystems

30

*

*

HWB

Soil and water pollution: outdoor recreation

4

***

*

ES

Habitat fragmentation for biota

E

Protected areas

19

***

ES

HWB

Natural protected areas

12

***

ES

Wild life protected areas

15

**

*

**

**

ES

HH

HWB

Waste

F

Waste

8

***

**

*

ES

Loss of biodiversity

G

Loss of biodiversity

7

**

**

ES

Light pollution

H

Light pollution

18

**

**

ES

HH

M

Technological hazards

I

Technological hazards

33

***

M

Degradation of common man-made heritage

J

Landscape, cultural and built heritage

34

***

**

M

Degradation of historic man-made heritage

35

***

M

Destruction of common man-made heritage

36

***

**

M

Destruction of historic man-made heritage

26

***

**

HWB

Habitat fragmentation for humans

31

***

HWB

Visual qualities of landscape/townscape

6

***

*

*

*

R?

ES

Land take, landuse

K

Landuse

13

*

*

*

***

R

Non-renewable resource use

L

Non-renewable resource use

9

*

ES

E

Ozone depletion: ecotoxicity

M

Ozone depletion

25

*

HH

E

Ozone depletion: indirect restricted health effects

37

*

*

*

***

*

E

Greenhouse effect

N

Climate change

38

**

***

E

Dimming

14

***

ES

HH

Traffic safety

O

Safety of transport users and residents

Table 12: Tentative aggregation of the 38 impact categories described in Table 9.