The Present Subjunctive
to be
|
to have, to know, to speak, etc.
|
I be
he, she, it be we be you be they be
|
I have, know, speak he, she, it have, know, speak we have, know, speak you have, know, speak they have, know, speak
|
The Past Subjunctive
to be
|
to have, to know, to speak, etc.
|
I were he, she, it were we were you were they were
|
|
I. The PresentSubjunctive. In the Present Subjunctive the verb to be has the form be for all the persons singular and plural, which differs from the corresponding forms of the Indicative Mood (the Present Indefinite)21. In all other verbs the forms of the Present Subjunctive differ from the corresponding forms of the Indicative Mood only in the third person singular, which in the Present Subjunctive has no ending -s.
The Present Subjunctive denotes an action referring to the present or future. This form is but seldom used in Modern English. It may be found in poetry and in elevated prose, where these forms are archaisms used with a certain stylistic aim. It is also used in scientific language and in the language of off official documents, where it is a living form.
Wretched is the infant's lot,
Born within the straw-roof cot;
Be he generous, wise or brave,
He must only be a slave. (Southey)
Bolaning g`amgin hayoti
Though all the world be false, still will 1 be true. (Trollope)
The Present Subjunctive also occurs in some set expressions.
Be it so! Shunday bo`la qolsin
God forbid! Xudo saqlasin!
Far be it from me to contradict you. Menda sizga qarshi hech qanday norozilik yo`q
In American English the Present Subjunctive is used not only in the above mentioned cases but also in colloquial language.
Dostları ilə paylaş: |
