Hebrew language for readers of english

אִינְדִיבִידוּאָלִיּוּת f.n. fw individuality. [Formed from אִינְדִּיבִידוּאָלִי with suff. □וּת.]

אִינְדִּיבִידוּאָלִיזְם m.n. fw individualism. [Formed from אִינְדִּיבִידוּאָלִי with suff. □ִיזְם.]

אִינְדִּיבִידוּאָלִיסְט m.n. fw individualist. [Formed from אִינְדִּיבִידוּאָלִי with suff. □ִיסֽט.]

אִינְדִּיגֹו m.n. fw indigo. [Fren. indigo, from Dutch indigo, from Sp. indico, indigo, from L. indicum (= indigo), from Gk. indikon (= indigo), short for indikon pharmakon (= lit.: ‘Indian dye’), neuter of indikos (= Indian). See הֹדּוּ.]

אִינְדֶּקְס m.n. fw index. [L. index (= a pointer, indicator; the forefinger; sign, mark, indication; guide, witness, informer). Related to indicāre (= to point out, show), from in (= in) and dicāre (= to proclaim, dedicate, consecrate), which is related to dīcere (= to say, tell) and derives from ie base ^*deik̑-, ^*dik̑- (= to show, point out). Whence also L. digitus (= finger; lit.: ‘pointer’), the second element in L. jū-dex (= judge; lit.: ‘he who shows or teaches justice’), index (= forefinger, index; lit.: ‘pointer’). cp. ‘diction’ in my cedel and words there referred to. cp. also דִּיקְטָטוֹר and the second element in פּוֹלִיסָה.]

אִינְוָלִיד m.n. fw invalid. [Fren. invalide, from L. invalidus (= not strong, infirm, weak, feeble), from in- (= not) and validus (= strong), from valēre (= to be strong, be well), which derives from ie base ^*wal- (= to be strong). cp. ‘valiant’ in my cedel and words there referred to.]

אִינְוֶנְטָר m.n. fw inventory. [L. inventārium (= list, inventory), from inventus, p. part. of inveniō, invenīre (= to find), properly (= to come upon), from in- (= in) and veniō, venīre (= to come). cp. אִינְטֶרְוֶנְצְיָה.]

אֵינוּת f.n. nh non-existence. [Coined from אַיִן^I and suff. □וּת.]

אִינְטֶגְרָלִי adj. fw integral. [Late L. integrālis, from L. integer (= undiminished, unhurt, unimpaired, whole, complete; lit.: ‘untouched’), from ^*éntag-ros, from in- (= not), and ^*tag-, the stem of tangere (= to touch). cp. ‘tangent’ in my cedel and words there referred to. For the ending of אִינְטֶגְרָלִי see suff. □ִי.] Derivative: אִינֽטֶגֽרָלִיּוּת.

אִינְטֶגְרָלִיּוּת f.n. fw integrality. [Formed from אִינְטֶגְרָלִי with suff. □וּת.]

אִינְטֶגְרַצְיָה f.n. fw integration. [L. integrātiō (= a renewing), from integrātus, p. part. of integrāre (= to make whole, renew). See אִינְטֶגְרָלִי and suff. □יָה.]

[[pg-24]]אִינְטוּאִיטִיבִי adj. fw intuitive. [Med. L. intuitīvus, from L. intuitus, p. part. of intuērī. See אִינֽטוּאִיצְיָה and suff. □ִי.]

אִינְטוּאִיצְיָה f.n. fw intuition. [Med. L. intuitiō, from L. intuitus, p. part. of intuērī (= to look at, regard, consider), from in- (= in), and tuērī (= to look at, regard, consider; to look after, preserve, defend), which is of uncertain origin. For the ending see suff. □יָה. cp. אִינְטוּאִיטִיבִי.]

אִינְטִימִי adj. fw intimate. [Formed with suff. □ִי from L. intimus, earlier intumus (= inmost), prop. superlative of L. in (= in). See ‘in-’ (prep. and adv.) in my cedel.] Derivative: אִינְטִימִיּוּת.

אִינְטִימִיּוּת f.n. fw intimacy. [Formed from אִינֽטִימִי with suff. □וּת.]

אִינְטֶלִּיגֶנְטִי adj. fw intelligent. [Formed with suff. □ִי from L. intelligēns, pres. part. of intellegere, intelligere (= to understand, comprehend), which is formed from inter- (= between, among), and legere (= to gather, collect; to pick out, choose; to read). See לִגְיוֹן and cp. אִינְטֶלִיגֶנֽצֽיָה and אִינְטֶלֶּקְט.]

אִינְטֶלִּיגֶנְצְיָה f.n. fw intelligence. [L. intellegentia, intelligentia, from intellegēns, intelligens. See אִינֽטֶלִיגֶנְטִי and suff. □יָה.]

אִינְטֶלֶּקְט m.n. fw intellect. [L. intellēctus (= perception, discernment, understanding), from intellēctus, p. part. of intellegere, intelligere (= to understand, comprehend). See אִינְטֶלִּיגֶנְטִי and cp. אִינְטֶלֶּקְטוּאָלִי.]

אִינְטֶלֶּקְטוּאָלִי adj. fw intellectual. [L. intellēctualis (= relating to the understanding), from intellēctus, p. part. of intellegere, intelligere. See אִינֽטֶלֶּקְט and suff. □ִי.] Derivative: אִינְטֶלֶּקֽטוּאָלִיּוּת.

אִינְטֶלֶּקְטוּאָלִיּוּת f.n. fw intellectuality. [Formed from אִינֽטֶלֶּקְטוּאָלִי with suff. □וּת.]

אִינְטֶלֶּקְטוּאָלִיזְם m.n. fw intellectualism. [Ger. Intellektualismus, coined by the German philosopher Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling in 1803 from Late L. intellēctuālis (see אִינֽטֶלֶּקְטוּאָלִי) and suff. -ismus (see □ִיזֽם).]

אִינְטֶנְסִיבִי adj. fw intensive. [Formed with suff. □ִי from Med. L. intēnsīvus, from L. intēnsus, a collateral form of intentus, p. part. of intendere (= to stretch out, extend; to direct, turn, bend, aim; to direct one’s attention, to apply oneself to, endeavor, intend), from in- (= in), and tendere (= to stretch out), which derives from ie ^*tend-, enlargement of base ^*ten- (= to stretch, extend). See ‘tend’ in my cedel.] Derivative: אִינֽטֶנֽסִיבִיּוּת.

אִינְטֶנְסִיבִיּוּת f.n. fw intensiveness. [Formed from אִינְטֶנְסִיבִי with suff. □וּת.]

אִינְטֶרְוְיוּ m.n. fw interview. [Eng. interview, from Fren. entrevue, from entrevoir (= to see imperfectly, catch a glimpse of), s’entrevoir (= to visit each other, have a short interview), from entre (= between) and voir (= to see). See ‘inter’ (prep.) in my cedel and cp. וִיזָה.]

אִינְטֶרְוָל m.n. fw interval. [L. intervallum (= the open space between two palisades; space between, interval), from inter (= between) and vallum (= a palisaded wall or rampart), which stands for ^*wal-nom, and is related to vallus (= stake), and to vallēs (= valley). These words prob. derive from ie base ^*wal-, ^*wel- (= to turn, bend, twist, roll). See ‘volute’ in my cedel and cp. ‘vallum’ and ‘vale (valley)’ ibid.]

אִינְטֶרְוֶנְצְיָה f.n. fw intervention. [L. interventiō (= an interposition), from L. intervent-(um), p. part. stem of intervenīre (= to come between), from inter (= between), and venīre (= to come). See אִינְוֶנְטָר.]

אִינְטְרִיגָה f.n. fw intrigue. [Fren. intrigue, from It. intrigo, from intrigare (= to intrigue), from L. intrīcāre (= to entangle, perplex, embarrass), from in (= in) and trīcae (= trifles, perplexities, tricks), which is of uncertain origin. See ‘extricate’ in my cedel.]

אִינְטֶרְמֶצּוֹ m.n. fw intermezzo. [It. intermezzo, from L. intermedius (= that which is between, intermediate), from inter (= between) and medius (= middle).]

אִינְטֶרְנַצְיוֹנָל m.n. fw international; internationale. [Eng. International, short for International Working Men’s Association, which was founded in London on September 28, 1864. See אִינְטֶרְנַצְיוֹנָלִי.]

אִינְטֶרְנַצְיוֹנָלִי adj. fw international. [Eng. international, coined by Jeremy Bentham in 1780 from L. inter (= between, among), and nātiō (= nation), which derives from nātus, p. part. of nascī (= to be born), which stands for ^*gnāscī, from ie base ^*ĝn-, zero degree of base ^*ĝen-, ^*ĝenē- (= to beget, bear, bring forth). See אִינְגֵּ׳ינֶר and נַצְיוֹנָלִי.]

אִינְטֶרֶס m.n. fw interest. [Med. L. interesse (= interest), properly subst. use of L. interesse (= to be between, lie between; to take part in; to import, be of interest), from inter (= between), and esse (= to be), which derives from ie base ^*es- (= to be).]

אִינְטשׁ see אִינְץ׳.

אִינִיצְיָאטוֹר m.n. fw initiator. [Late L. intiātor (= an originator), from initiātus, p. part. of initiāre (= to begin, originate), from initium (= beginning, origin), from init(um), p. part. stem of inīre (= to go into, enter), from in- (= in) and īre (= to go), which is related to iter (= a journey), from ie base ^*ei- (= to go). See ‘itinerate’ in my cedel and cp. אַמְבִּיצְיָה, אַנֽדַּנְטֶה. cp. also אִינִיצְיָאטִיבָה.

אִינִיצְיָאטִיבָה f.n. fw initiative. [From L. initiātus, p. part. of initiāre. See אִינִיצְיָאטוֹר. For the ending see suff. ‘-ive’ in my cedel.]

אִינְסוּלִין m.n. fw insulin. [Eng. insulin, formed from L. īnsula (= island); introduced by Banting, Best and Macleod in 1921. The name was suggested by the English physiologist Sir Edward Albert William Sharpey (1850–1935). See אִיזוֹלַצֽיָה.]

אֵינְסוֹף m.n. mh 1 the infinite. 2 God. [Compounded of אֵין (= without, -less), c. st. of אַיִן^I, and סוֹף (= end).] Derivative: אֵינֽסוֹפִי.

אֵינְסוֹפִי adj. nh infinite, endless. [Formed from אֵינֽסוֹף with suff. □ִי.] Derivative: אֵינֽסוֹפִיּוּת.

אֵינְסוֹפִיּוּת, אֵין־סוֹפִיּוּת f.n. nh endless, infinity. [Formed from אֵינֽסוֹפִי with suff. □וּת.]

אִינְסְטִינְקְט m.n. fw instinct. [L. īnstinctus (= instigation, impulse), from īnstinctus, p. part. of īnstinguere (= to incite, impel), which is related to īnstīgāre (= to urge, stimulate, incite, goad, instigate), from in- (= in) and ie base ^*steig- (= to prick, stick, pierce). See ‘stick’ (v.) in my cedel.]

אִינְסְטִינְקְטִיבִי adj. fw instinctive. [See אִינְסְטִינֽקֽט and suff. □ִי.]

אִינְסְפִּירַצְיָה f.n. fw inspiration. [Late L. īnspīrātiō, from L. īnspīrātus, p. part. of īnspīrāre (= to breathe into, blow upon; to inflame, inspire), from in- (= in) and spīrāre (= to breathe). See סְפִּירִיטוּאָלִיזְם and suff. □יָה.]

אִינְפוֹרְמָטִיבִי adj. fw informative. [From L. īnformātus, p. part. of īnformāre. See אִינְפוֹרְמַצֽיָה and adj. suff. □ִי.]

אִינְפוֹרְמַצְיָה f.n. fw information. [Fren. information, from L. īnformātiō (= representation, outline, sketch; idea, conception), from īnformātus, p. part. of īnformāre (= to give form to, shape), from in- (= in), and formāre (= to form, shape), from forma (= form, shape), which is prob. borrowed from Gk. morphe (= form, shape). The intermediate form was prob. morṃa. See ‘form’ (n.) in my cedel. For the ending see suff. □יָה.]

אִינְפְלַצְיָה f.n. fw inflation. [L. īnflātiō (= a blowing or puffing up, inflation), from īnflātus, p. part. of īnflāre (= to blow into, inflate; to pull up), from in- [[pg-25]](= in) and flāre (= to blow). For the ending see suff. □ַצְיָה. cp. אִינְפְלַצְיוֹנִי.]

אִינְפְלַצְיוֹנִי adj. fw inflationary. [Formed with suff. □ִי from L. īnflātiō (= inflation). See אִינְפְלַצְיָה.]

אִינְפַנְטִילִי adj. fw infantile. [L. īnfantīlis (= pertaining to an infant), from īnfans (= a young child, a babe; lit. ‘that cannot speak, not yet able to speak’), from in- (= in) and fāns, pres. part. of fārī (= to speak), which derives from ie base ^*bhā- (= to speak, tell, say). cp. ‘fame’ in my cedel and the words there referred to. For the ending see suff. □ִי.]

אִינְפַנְטִילִיּוּת f.n. fw infantilism. [Formed from אִינְפַנְטִילִי with suff. □וּת.]

אִינְפֶקְצְיָה f.n. fw infection. [Late L. īnfectiō, from L. īnfectus, p. part. of īnficere (= to put into, dip into; to stain, taint; to infect), from in- (= in) and facere (= to make, do), which derives from ie base ^*dhō-, ^*dhē-, ^*dh^e (= to put, place; to do, make, construct). See ‘do’ (v.) in my cedel and cp. ‘fact’ ibid. For the ending see suff. □יָה.]

אִינְפְרָה□ combining form fw infra-. [L. īnfrā-, from īnfrā (= below, under), from ie ^*ndher-. See ‘under’ in my cedel and cp. ‘inferior’, ‘infernal’, ‘inferno’ ibid.]

אִינְץ׳ m.n. fw inch. [Eng. inch, from Old Eng. ynce, from L. uncia (= the twelfth part of anything; the twelfth part of a foot). See אוּנְקְיָא.]

אִינְצִידֶנְט m.n. fw incident. [Fren. incident, from L. incidēns, pres. part. of incidere (= to fall upon; to happen, occur), from in- (= in) and cadere (= to fall). See ‘cadence’ and ‘-ent’ in my cedel.]

אִינְקוּבָּטוֹר m.n. fw incubator. [L. incubātor (= one who or that which incubates), from incubātus, p. part. of incubāre (= to lie in or upon), from in- (= in) and cubāre (= to lie down), which derives from ie base ^*qeu-b (= to bend, curve, arch), whence also L. cubitum (= elbow), Gk. kubos (= hollow above the hip of cattle). See ‘hip’ and suff. ‘-tor’ in my cedel.]

אִינְקוֹגְנִיטוֹ adv. fw incognito. [It. incognito (= unknown), from L. incognitus, from in- (= not) and cognitus (= known), p. part. of cognōscere (= to become acquainted with, perceive, understand, know), from co-, short form of com- (= with, together) and Old L. gnōscere, L. nōscere (= to know), which derives from ie base ^*ĝenē-, ^*ĝenō- (= to be able mentally, to know). cp. ‘can’ (auxil. v.) in my cedel.]

אִינְקְוִיזִיטוֹר m.n. fw inquisitor. [L. inquīsītor (= searcher, examiner), from inquīsītus, p. part. of inquīrere (= to seek after, search for, inquire into), from in- (= in) and quarere (= to search into). cp. אִינְקְוִיזִיצְיָה.]

אִינְקְוִיזִיצְיָה f.n. fw inquisition. [L. inquīsītiō (= a searching for, an inquiring into), from inquīsītus, p. part. of inquīrere. See אִינְקְוִיזִיטוֹר and suff. □יָה.]

אִינְקוּנַבּוּל m.n. fw incunabulum. [L. incūnābula (pl.) (= swaddling clothes; cradle; childhood; origin, beginning), formed from in- (= in) and cūnae (= cradle), which stands for koinā (= a place to lie down in, bed) from Gk. koiman (= to lull to sleep), from ie base ^*k̂ei- (= to lie, settle down), whence also L. cīvis (= member of a community, citizen). See ‘civil’ in my cedel.]

אִינֶרְטִי adj. fw inert. [Formed with adj. suff. □ִי from L. iners (= unskilled; inactive, idle), from in- (= in) and ars (= skill; art), which derives from ie base ^*art, enlargement of base ^*ar- (= to join), whence L. armus (= shoulder), arma (= weapons).]

אִינֶרְצְיָה f.n. fw inertia. [L. inertia (= unskillfulness; inactivity, idleness), from iners. See אִינֶרְטִי and suff. □יָה.]

אִיסִי m.n. mh (pl. אִסִּיִּים) an Essene (one of a sect of ascetics first appearing in the second century B.C.). [L. Essēnī (= the Essenes), from Gk. Essenoi. Most scholars derive this word from Heb. צְנוּעִים (= the modest ones) or from חֲשָׁאִים (= the silent ones). It is more probable, however, that Gk. Essenoi derives from Syr. חֲסֵאן, pl. absolute st. of חֲסֵא (= pious). cp. the pl. emphatic st. חֲסַיָּא, whence the parallel Greek form Essaion. This etymology gains in probability by the fact that Philo identifies the Essenes with the ‘Pious’.]

אֵיפָה f.n. ‘ephah’ — a Heb. grain measure. [Prob. from Egypt. ’pt. For other Egyptian loan words in Hebrew see אָחוּ.]

אֵיפֹה adv. where. [Compounded of אֵי (= where) and פֹּה (= here). cp. אֵפוֹא.]

אֵיפוֹא see אֵפוֹא.

אֵיפוֹרְיָה f.n. fw euphoria. [Medical L., from Gk. euphoria (= well-being; lit.: ‘a bearing well’), from euphoros (= easy to bear, easily born), from eu (combining form meaning ‘good, well’), and the stem of pherein (= to bear, to carry).]

אִיפְּכָא m.n. pbh the reverse, contrary. [Aram., from אֲפַךְ, a collateral form of הֲפַךְ (= he turned). See הפך.]

אִיפַּרְכְיָה see אִפַּרְכְיָה.

אִיצָה f.n. nh haste, speed. [Verbal n. of אוּץ (= to make haste). See אוץ and first suff. □ִה.]

אִיצְטְלָה see אִצֽטְלָה.

אִיקוֹנִין m.n. pbh (pl. אִיקוֹנִיּוֹת) likeness, image, picture, portrait. [Borrowed from Gk. eikoncon (dimin. of likeness, image), which is related to eikos (= similar, like, is like, is fit). See ‘icon’ in my cedel. cp. דְיוֹקָן.]

אֵיקָלִיפְּטוּס m.n. fw eucalyptus (name of a tree). [Modern L. eucalyptus, coined by the French botanist L’Héritier de Brutelle in 1788 from Gk. eu (= well) and kaliptos (= covered), verbal adj. of kalyptein (= to cover). So called in allusion to the cap covering the bud. Gk. eu is properly neuter of eus (= good). Gk. kalyptein is related to kalybe (= hut, cabin), kalia (= hut, nest) and cogn. with L. cella (= storeroom, granary). See ‘cell’ in my cedel and cp. the second element in אַפּוֹקָלִיפְּסָה.]